Contents: Cover; Title; Copyright; Dedication; CONTENTS; PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; CONTRIBUTORS; Part 1. Costs and Productivity in Higher Education; Cost Trends, the "Cost Disease," and ...Productivity in Higher Education; Factors Other Than the Cost Disease Pushing Up Educational Costs; Affordability; Is There a Serious Problem-Even a Crisis?; Notes; Part 2. Prospects for an Online Fix; Background; The Lack of Hard Evidence; The Need for Customizable, Sustainable Platforms (or Tool Kits); The Need for New Mindsets-and Fresh Thinking about Decision-Making; What Must We Retain? Inhalt: Appendix: The Online Learning LandscapeNotes; Discussion by Howard Gardner; Discussion by John Hennessy; William G. Bowen's Responses to Discussion Session Comments; Discussion by Andrew Delbanco; Discussion by Daphne Koller; William G. Bowen's Responses to Discussion Session Comments; INDEX.
Karl Marx predicted a world in which technical innovation would increasingly devalue and impoverish workers, but other economists thought the opposite, that it would lead to increased wages and ...living standards--and the economists were right. Yet in the last three decades, the market economy has been jeopardized by a worrying phenomenon: a rise in wage inequality that has left a substantial portion of the workforce worse off despite the continuing productivity growth enjoyed by the economy. Innovation and Inequality examines why. Studies have firmly established a link between this worrying trend and technical change, in particular the rise of new information technologies. In Innovation and Inequality, Gilles Saint-Paul provides a synthetic theoretical analysis of the most important mechanisms by which technical progress and innovation affect the distribution of income. He discusses the conditions under which skill-biased technical change may reduce the wages of the least skilled, and how improvements in information technology allow "superstars" to increase the scale of their activity at the expense of less talented workers. He shows how the structure of demand changes as the economy becomes wealthier, in ways that may potentially harm the poorest segments of the workforce and economy. An essential text for graduate students and an indispensable resource for researchers, Innovation and Inequality reveals how different categories of workers gain or lose from innovation, and how that gain or loss crucially depends on the nature of the innovation.
This paper examines how established firms use their core competences to diversify their business by exploring and ultimately developing green technologies. In contrast to start‐ups dedicated to a ...green mission, diversifying into green markets by developing new products based on existing core competences has proven to be challenging. This is because the exploration processes to find a match between green technology opportunities and internal competences is complex and new to most established firms. This paper gains insights into exploration processes for green technologies and the learning modes and outcomes linked to these processes. We examined exploration processes at the microlevel in an embedded case study of an engineering firm using a combination of the “fireworks” innovation process model and organizational learning theory. First, we found that developing green technologies involves a long‐term exploratory process without guarantee of (quick) success and likely involves many exploration failures. Second, as exploration unfolds along multiple technology trajectories, learning occurs in individual exploration paths (on‐path), when new paths are pursued (path‐initiation), and when knowledge from one path is spilled over to subsequent paths (across‐paths). Third, to increase their chances for success, firms can increase the efficiency of exploration by fostering a failure‐friendly organizational culture, deliberately experimenting, and purposefully learning from failures.
Modern-day drug discovery is now blessed with a wide range of high-throughput hit identification (hit-ID) strategies that have been successfully validated in recent years, with particular success ...coming from high-throughput screening, fragment-based lead discovery, and DNA-encoded library screening. As screening efficiency and throughput increases, this enables the viable exploration of increasingly complex three-dimensional (3D) chemical structure space, with a realistic chance of identifying highly specific hit ligands with increased target specificity and reduced attrition rates in preclinical and clinical development. This minireview will explore the impact of an improved design of multifunctionalized, sp3-rich, stereodefined scaffolds on the (virtual) exploration of 3D chemical space and the specific requirements for different hit-ID technologies.
Low-Cost Fishhook Removal Simulation Baskin, David Mitchell; Davis, Christopher Ashby
Journal of education & teaching in emergency medicine
8, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The target audiences for this hands-on innovation are health care providers including medical students and emergency medicine residents. This simulation is also appropriate for small group sessions ...teaching the layperson.
While generally not life-threating fishhook injuries are commonplace. They can end a day of recreation or an outdoor trip and possibly result in a visit to an emergency department or urgent care. Hands-on education on fishhook removal techniques that minimize tissue damage is rarely provided in wilderness first aid or traditional medical education. To the best of our knowledge, to date there are only two studies on fishhook removal simulations in medical and wilderness first aid education.1,2 The previously described simulation models are limited by accessibility of materials, realism, and cost.
The goal of this small group session is to fill the gap in training on fishhook injuries. At the end of the session participants should be able to describe the parts of a fishhook, as well as demonstrate and have increased confidence in performing multiple fishhook removal techniques.
Social learning theory is the conceptual framework for this small group session.3,4 This reflects the idea that students learn not only through repetition with trial and error, but through social interactions, observing and modeling successes of others. As a result, while this simulation requires a facilitator ensure the required items are available it does not necessitate a facilitator be present over the entire duration. Participants perform common fishhook removal techniques with hands-on skill development using commercially available silicone sponge injection pad trainers.
Evaluating this small group session at a wilderness medicine training attended by medical and physician assistant students and their guests, self-reported confidence in fishhook removal before and after the simulation was assessed with a paired t-test. Survey results of perceived effectiveness and value of the simulation were also evaluated.
The average confidence increased 58% after the simulation (p<0.005). The mean level of effectiveness was 87% and the participant perceived monetary value of the simulation materials was greater than actual cost.
This innovation is a cost-friendly way to provide education and practice on fishhook removal. It requires minimal set up time and pre-learning can be easily modified to the expected knowledge and experience of participants. Understanding the fishhook removal techniques and increased levels of confidence has the potential to make participants more efficient when caring for patients. It may result in greater likelihood of success in removing fishhooks with minimal tissue damage.
Fishhook injuries, medical simulation, emergency medical education, wilderness first aid, wound management, injection pad trainers.
<p><b> Provides the foundations and principles needed for addressing the various challenges of developing smart cities </b> <p> Smart cities are emerging as a priority for ...research and development across the world. They open up significant opportunities in several areas, such as economic growth, health, wellness, energy efficiency, and transportation, to promote the sustainable development of cities. This book provides the basics of smart cities, and it examines the possible future trends of this technology. <i>Smart Cities: Foundations, Principles, and Applications</i> provides a systems science perspective in presenting the foundations and principles that span multiple disciplines for the development of smart cities. <p> Divided into three parts&mdash;foundations, principles, and applications&mdash;<i>Smart Cities</i> addresses the various challenges and opportunities of creating smart cities and all that they have to offer. It also covers smart city theory modeling and simulation, and examines case studies of existing smart cities from all around the world. In addition, the book: <ul> <li>Addresses how to develop a smart city and how to present the state of the art and practice of them all over the world</li> <li>Focuses on the foundations and principles needed for advancing the science, engineering, and technology of smart cities&mdash;including system design, system verification, real-time control and adaptation, Internet of Things, and test beds</li> <li>Covers applications of smart cities as they relate to smart transportation/connected vehicle (CV) and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for improved mobility, safety, and environmental protection</li> </ul> <br> <p><i> Smart Cities: Foundations, Principles, and Applications</i> is a welcome reference for the many researchers and professionals working on the development of smart cities and smart city-related industries.
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