The performance of companies in the real sector of the economy is highly relevant for the economic development of the country. The Joint Stock Company “Russian Railways” (the JSCo “RZD”) occupies a ...special place in the Russian economy, since it does 45% of the total cargo turnover and more than 25% of passenger traffic in the country. The aim of the article is to identify trends in key financial and economic indicators of the Russian railways in the context of the structural reform of the industry. The objective of the study is to develop a methodology for the long-term management of the financial and economic performance of the railways, as well as recommendations for its sustainable growth. The authors analyzed the financial and economic performance of the JSCo “RZD” for 15 years. They used the analysis of time series, logical and analytical method, as well as benchmarking — comparative analysis based on reference indicators. It is shown that with a low but positive profitability, the company’s financial and economic situation can be improved. The authors reviewed the dynamics of the operating costs ratio, whose value has an excessively high level in the JSCo “RZD”. To identify ways to achieve the optimum level of operating costs ratio, an analysis of financial and economic indicators of the US railway companies was conducted. The factors contributing to the systematic improvement of the operating costs ratio were revealed. Among them are: increase in the JSCo “RZD” market opportunities and their competent use based on flexible adaptation to market conditions and changing customer needs; attraction of private and private-state investments. On this basis, the following actions are proposed for improving the financial and economic indicators of the JSCo “RZD”: monitoring of the operating costs ratio; developing a scenario program to improve the long-term competitiveness and effectiveness of the Russian Railways for the period of 2025–2035. The materials of the article are of practical importance and can be used by public authorities, transport companies, as well as for the educational purposes.
This article seeks to determine whether the territorial development expected product of improvements in connectivity conditions in Chile (measured through public investment in transport ...infrastructure) has actually materialized, if it is well received by the public, and what factors explain such results. The study was conducted using an approach that combines quantitative and qualitative analysis, field analysis, ex-post, experimental, meso-economic nature, not exhaustive and specific to each territory. For this, indicators of change or evolution of poverty, labor market, competitiveness and population are analyzed at community level. Then, the study explores these dimensions through in--depth interviews people in six communes with high investment in infrastructure. The main conclusion of the analysis is that there is little relationship between improvements in transport connectivity and observed changes in the perceived level of community socio--economic development, even though people think that such relationship exist. This seems to be the manifestation of the mistake in connectivity public policy because it has not generated the expected results. The cause of this would be the inadequate definition of their objectives, and the incorrect identification of benefits and beneficiaries.
Mediante una aproximación que mezcla análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo, de terreno, ex-post, experimental, de naturaleza meso-económica, no exhaustiva y específica a cada territorio, se busca determinar si el desarrollo territorial esperado producto de mejoras en las condiciones de conectividad en Chile (medido a través de la inversión pública en infraestructura de transporte) se ha materializado efectivamente, si ello es percibido así por la ciudadanía, y cuáles factores explican dichos resultados. Para lo anterior, se analizan indicadores de cambio o evolución de pobreza, mercado laboral, competitividad y población, a nivel comunal; y luego se indaga en estas dimensiones a través de entrevistas en profundidad a personas de seis comunas con alta inversión en infraestructura. La principal conclusión del análisis es que existe escasa relación entre las mejoras en conectividad de transporte y los cambios observados y percibidos en el nivel de desarrollo socio--económico comunal, a pesar de que las personas opinan que dicha relación efectivamente existe. Esto parece ser la manifestación de una falla en la política pública de conectividad, en tanto no ha generado los resultados esperados. La causa de lo anterior estaría en la inadecuada definición de sus objetivos, y la incorrecta identificación de los beneficios y beneficiarios.
The development of a set of Transport Satellite Accounts is long overdue. The imperative need is to be able to assess the size and contribution of the transport sector and to track improvements in ...productivity arising from operational efficiency, optimal pricing and from investment in transport infrastructure. This would allow international comparisons against best practice to follow. The quality of public and private decisions would improve. Their availability would enable professional economists to add significantly more value.
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