Framstilling av keramikk er blant de eldste menneskelige ferdighetene, og kulturmaterialene leire og keramikk har vært med i norske læreplaner i om lag hundre år. Men i løpet av denne tiden har fokus ...i læreplanene skiftet. Derfor har denne studien som mål å belyse i hvilken grad, på hvilken måte og i hvilken faglig kontekst ordene leire og keramikk har vært brukt i de norske læreplanene fra perioden 1922 til 2020. Det inkluderte datamaterialet er norske læreplaner som i denne perioden forholder seg til leire som materiale for lek, leire som håndverkstradisjonog leire som materiale for kunstneriske uttrykk. Læreplanene er undersøkt gjennom en tekstanalyse med utgangspunkt i Goodlad og Gundem sine læreplanteorier. Resultatene viser at det har vært betydelige svingninger i referansene til leire i læreplanene, og i hva leire relateres til. Bortsett fra at leire alltid nevnes i forbindelse med småskolen, er det ingen rød tråd gjennom planene som viser et konsekvent forhold til de tre tradisjonene for bruk av leire som undersøkes i denne studien; materiale for lek; materiale i håndverk eller som kunstnerisk materiale. Bruken fremstår som inkonsekvent og tilfeldig. Studien viser også at leire fra starten av perioden har hatt en annen inngang i fagutviklingen enn tegning, tekstil og tre. I første halvdel av den undersøkte tidsperioden har leire en posisjon i tverrfaglig arbeid med fri modellering og materiallek som arbeidsmetode. I de ulike planene kan vi ellers se en veksling mellom leire som utgangspunkt for lek, leire som materiale knyttet til håndverkstradisjoner eller leire som medium for kunstneriske uttrykk.
Much of what is known about Malta's ancient material culture has come to light as a result of antiquarian research or early archaeological work—a time where little attention was paid to stratigraphic ...context. This situation has in part contributed to the problem of reliably sourcing and dating Maltese Roman- period pottery, particularly locally produced forms common on nearly all ancient Maltese sites. This book presents a comprehensive study of Maltese pottery forms from key stratified deposits spanning the first century BC to mid-fourth century AD. Ceramic material from three Maltese sites was analysed and quantified in a bid to understand Maltese pottery production during the Roman period, and trace the type and volume of ceramic-borne goods that were circulating the central Mediterranean during the period. A short review of the islands' recent literature on Roman pottery is discussed, followed by a detailed contextual summary of the archaeological contexts presented in this study. The work is supplemented by a detailed illustrated catalogue of all the forms identified within the assemblages, presenting the wide range of locally produced and imported pottery types typical of the Maltese Roman period.
Metallische Werkstoffe weisen bei hohen Temperaturen und chemisch aggressiven Atmosphären geringe Standzeiten auf. Eine Alternative sind keramische Werkstoffe, die jedoch nicht wie metallische ...Werkstoffe verarbeitet werden können. Deshalb wird der Einsatz einer einfachen Wärmerohrgeometrie als Grundform für Wärmeübertragungssysteme in der Hochtemperaturtechnik betrachtet. Zur Auslegung von Hochtemperaturwärmeübertragern wird ein numerisches Berechnungsmodell zur genauen Bestimmung des Betriebsverhaltens großer Apparate vorgestellt, das neben konvektivem auch den strahlungsabhängigen Wärmetransport berücksichtigt.
Metal materials show poor lifetime behavior under high‐temperature conditions and aggressive atmospheres. An alternative solution is the use of ceramic material. These ceramics cannot be processed and joined like metal material. Out of this reason the simple geometry of a heat pipe can be used as a basic design for ceramic heat exchanger systems. For these apparatuses a numerical calculation model is introduced for a more exact determination of the working behavior of large units concerning as well convective as radiative heat transfer.
Keramische Werkstoffe bieten sich für Hochtemperaturanwendungen bei schwierigen Atmosphären an. Zur Auslegung von Wärmerohr‐Hochtemperatur‐Wärmeübertragern wird ein numerisches Berechnungsmodell zur Bestimmung des Betriebsverhaltens großer Apparate unter Berücksichtigung des konvektiven und strahlungsbedingten Wärmetransports beschrieben.
Inkjet printing is a powerful microfabrication tool that has been applied to the manufacture of ceramic components. To successfully fabricate ceramic objects a number of conditions must be satisfied ...concerning fluid properties and drop placement accuracy. It has been proposed that fluids are printable within the bounds 1
<
Z
<
10 (where
Z is the inverse of the Ohnesorge number) and these limits are shown to be consistent with ceramic suspensions delivered by piezoelectric drop-on-demand inkjet printers. The physical processes that occur during drop impact and spreading are reviewed and these are shown to define the minimum feature size attainable for a given printed drop diameter. Finally the defects that can occur during the drying of printed drops are reviewed (coffee staining) and mechanisms and methodologies to reduce this phenomenon are discussed.
Kalium-Natrium-Niobat (KNN) ist eine bleifreie ferroelektrische Keramik. Seine Herstellung ist aufgrund des hygroskopischen Verhaltens von Alkalikarbonat und Verdampfung bei hohen Temperaturen eine ...Herausforderung. Während des Herstellungsverfahrens wird die erwünschte Stöchiometrie schwanken. Undotierten und kupferdotierten KNN mit Alkali- oder Niobüberschüssen wurden hergestellt. Ihre Strukturbildung, Sinterverhalten, Mikrostrukturbildung und ihre elektrischen Eigenschaften werden untersucht.
Image & Context (ICON) ist die erste internationale Reihe, die dem Bild und dem Funktionieren von Bildern in der Antike gilt. Das einzigartige Potential des Bildes beruht auf seiner Suggestion. Ein ...Bild kann die Aufmerksamkeit des Betrachters im Bruchteil einer Sekunde fesseln und sich ihm für immer einprägen. Das führt zu den Kernfragen der Reihe: Wie und von wem wurden Bilder entworfen und wahrgenommen, wie beeinflussten sie das Denken und Handeln des Betrachters, und wie wurden sie für die Bedürfnisse verschiedener Lebenskontexte eingesetzt? Die Reihe zielt darauf, neue Diskussionen und Ansätze zu einer Geschichte der antiken Bild-Kulturen anzuregen.
Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) have proven to be useful for a wide range of applications because of properties such as their light weight, toughness and temperature resistance. This book summarises ...key advances and types of processing of CMCs. After an introductory chapter, the first part of the book reviews types and processing of CMCs, covering processing, properties and applications. Chapters discuss nanoceramic matric composites, silicon carbide-containing alumina nanocomposites and advances in manufacture by various infiltration techniques including heat treatments and spark plasma sintering. The second part of the book is dedicated to understanding the properties of CMCs with chapters on Finite Element Analysis, tribology and wear and self-healing CMCs. The final part of the book examines the applications of CMCs, including those in the structural engineering, nuclear and fusion energy, turbine, metal cutting and microelectronics industries. This book is an essential text for researchers and engineers in the field of CMCs and industries such as aerospace and automotive engineering.
"Dionysos, with his following of satyrs and women, was a major theme in a big part of the figure painted pottery in 500-300 B.C. Athens. As an original testimonial of their time, the imagery on these ...vases convey what this god meant to his worshippers. It becomes clear that he was not only appropriate for wine, wine indulgence, ecstasy and theatre. Rather, he was present on many, both happy and sad, occasions. The vase painters have emphasized different aspects of Dionysos for their customers inside and outside of Athens, depending on the political and cultural situation."
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