Keiluhu HJ, Sujarta P, Suharno, Mailissa MG, Hadisusanto S, Yuliana S, Setyawan AD. 2023. Abanfan matilon, a local wisdom in marine ethnoconservation system on the coast of Liki Island, Sarmi ...District, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 4693-4701. Liki Island is the outermost part of Sarmi District, Papua, Indonesia, which is directly facing the Pacific Ocean and bordering Papua New Guinea. This island is unique in its geographical features and is characterized by the local wisdom of the people known as Abanfan matilon. Therefore, this study aimed to document the knowledge, participation of people, and the role of the local wisdom of Abanfan matilon in the marine ethnoconservation system. The study was conducted from June to November 2022 using a survey method based on semi-structural interviews. The results of the study of 50 respondents showed that (i) the community knowledge about local wisdom of Abanfan matilon, possed by the Liki Island village community, had transcended from one generation to another through oral stories from parents, (ii) the role of the community in implementing local wisdom was substantial, starting from the planning, preparation, and implementation up to the harvesting activities through local traditional ceremonies, and (iii) the implementation of local wisdom of Abanfan matilon was carried out by community leaders from various sectors, including traditional, church, or local government. In conclusion, local wisdom traditions in Abanfan matilon exhibited the characteristics of a marine ethnoconservation system.
Sujarta P, Mailissa MG, Keiluhu HJ, Hadisusanto S, Yuliana S. 2022. Community distribution and utilization of gastropods in the Coastal Area of Liki Island, Sarmi District, Papua, Indonesia. ...Biodiversitas 23: 5001-5011. Gastropods and snails are mollusk phylum animals with diverse species that inhabit and spread in various marine ecosystems. The main objective of this study was to determine the structure of gastropod communities and their utilization in the coastal area of Liki Island, Sarmi District, Papua, Indonesia. Samples of gastropods were collected through descriptive-quantitative surveys using the line-transects technique. In addition, information on the utilization of gastropods was collected from surveys with semi-structural interviews with selected respondents from Liki Island, the outermost island in East Indonesia, with a total area of 1318.54 ha. The result showed a total of 1812 living specimens from 63 species of gastropods from 23 families, collected from six sampling stations, with 182-603 specimens on average. There were five species of gastropods encountered in all sampling stations, namely Conus litteratus (family of Conidae), Monetaria moneta, Monetaria annulus (Cypraeidae), Oxymeris crenulata (Terebridae), and Polinices flemingianus (Naticidae). The highest Importance Value Index (IVI) belonged to Nerita albicilla (Neritidae) from Station 1 (IVI 58.45). In contrast, the lowest belonged to the species of Nassarius limnaeiformis (Nassariidae), Oliva caerulea, and Oliva oliva (Olividae) from Station 4 (each IVI 2.56), with the moderate value of Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index and low value of Dominance Index. People in the coastal area of Liki Island use 12 species of gastropod as wall ornaments and consume 12 species of gastropod, as well. In general, the people of Liki Island use gastropods wisely based on the socio-cultural characteristics of the local community.
Pogost motiv v rimski paliati so medgeneracijski konflikti. Medtem ko očetje največkrat poudarjajo konvencionalno moralo in kažejo varčnost, že kar skoporitost, se sinovi v njihovi odsotnosti radi ...predajajo razvratu: zapravljajo denar, popivajo in se spuščajo v razmerja s heterami, ponavadi ob pomoči kakega nabritega domačega sužnja. Ker vlada v komediji saturnalijski narobe svet, na koncu »zmagajo« sinovi in sužnji, ki so tudi glavni junaki teh komedij. Tu in tam pa Plavt sinovom položi na jezik besede, ki odstopajo od njihovega siceršnjega ravnanja in jih prikažejo v odgovornejši luči. Njegova najrazvpitejša »moralistična« komedija je Trinovčevo (Trinummus), vendar zasledimo moralno navdahnjene vložke in značajske lastnosti tudi v drugi komediji s podobnim izhodiščem, ki deluje veliko bolj razposajeno: v Hišnem strahu (Mostellaria). Ob primerjavi mladih protagonistov v Plavtovih komedijah Hišni strah in Trinovčevo ugotovimo, da je komedija Trinovčevo občutno bolj moralistična od Hišnega strahu, vendar po drugi strani tudi v slednjem ni mogoče videti gole burke kot, denimo, v Oslih (Asinaria) istega avtorja. Če si v Oslih oba protagonista, oče in sin, ki se pehata za isto meretrix, pravzaprav zaslužita zgolj posmeh občinstva, imajo glavni junak Hišnega strahu, njegov prijatelj in ljubica več značajskih lastnosti, ki so jih morale prikupiti tudi kritikom Katonovega kova.
We interpret the cratonic Congo basin, a large circular “Cuvette Centrale” filled with up to 9
km of Proterozoic to Neogene sediments, as the consequence of a Neo-Proterozoic rift. Firstly, the ...magnitude and the long-term subsidence are consistent with the thermal time-constant of a 200–250
km thick lithosphere inferred from several tomographic studies. Secondly, the surface accumulation of sediments is compensated at depth by crustal thinning, whose magnitude can be estimated from the analysis of the surface gravity: after backstripping the effect of the sediments, a residual NW–SE positive and narrow gravity anomaly is observed across the “Cuvette Centrale” and is interpreted as the remaining crustal thinning associated with this rift. Assuming that isostasy is governed by a necking level and a flexural response to sediment loads, we have estimated the combination of the depth of necking and the equivalent elastic thickness of the lithosphere that provide the best fit with the residual gravity, i.e. 10
km and 100
km respectively. The corresponding uplift of the upper mantle is in the continuity of the Mbuji-Mayi Supergroup to the SE and the Liki-Bembian Group to the NW. These two groups represent older stages of rifting in the Congo craton, which shows that rifting has periodically affected and weakened the “Cuvette Centrale” during a long period of time.
► The present-day gravity in the Congo “Cuvette Centrale” is explained by a Neo-Proterozoic rift. ► The time-scale of tectonic subsidence is characteristic of a thick lithosphere. ► The residual gravity anomaly (sediments attraction removed from the free-air anomaly) reveals a narrow linear and positive anomaly. ► The residual gravity anomaly is explained by a combination of necking and flexural isostasy.
우담(愚潭)은 퇴계(退溪)를 옹호하며, 율곡(栗谷)이 퇴계(退溪)를 잘못이해하고 있다고 비판한다. 이러한 우담의 비판을 이해하기 위해서는 율곡이 퇴계의 학설을 어떻게 인식했는지부터 살펴봐야 한다. 율곡은 리가 정의, 조작이 없는 형이상자이기 때문에 퇴계의 리기호발설이 문제가 있다고 비판한다. 그는 `발(發)` 자를 발동, 발용, 감발로 구체화시켜 ...`움직인다`라는 의미로 이해하였다. 이를 통해 리는 그러한 작용을 할 수 없음을 근거로 퇴계의 리기호발(理氣互發)을 비판한다. 이에 대해 우담은 리기호발의 `발` 자가 사단의 `단(端)` 자와 그 의미가 이어져 있음을 근거로, 발현으로 용어를 구체화시키고 `가치가 드러난다.`는 의미로 이해하여, 리기호발이라는 명제가 문제없음을 주장한다. 우담은 이러한 주장을 바탕으로 리기호발을 수양론측면에서 `기미를 살피는 공부`의 중요점을 강조한 명제로 의미를 확장시킨다.
Wudam defended Toegye and criticized Yulgok misunderstanding Toegye. To understand these criticisms of Wudam, we have to look at how Yulgok perceived Toegye`s theory. Yulgok criticizes that Toegye`s theory, called liki-hobal(理氣互發), is a problem because li is a non-movable thing. By embodying bal(發) as play baldong(發動), start balyoung(發用), feel moving ganmbal 感發, he understand liki-hobal. Yulgok criticizes Toegye`s theory, called liki-hobal(理氣互發), on the basis that li can not perform such a function. On the other hand, Wudam insists that liki-hobal based on the fact that bal is followed on sada`s dan(端). And he embodies the term as expression value balhyun(發現). Based on this, Wu-dam extends liki-hobal to an important proposition in reading a sign of heart.
이 논문은 율곡학파의 율곡 리기의 이해(분석) 방법을 살펴본 글이다. 분석의 대상은 시기적으로는 16세기에서 18세기까지, 구체적 인물로는 율곡 이이와 그의 적전으로 보기에 논란이 없는 우암 송시열, 수암 권상하, 남당 한원진을 선정하였으며, 그 분석 내용은 리기 이해에 국한시켰다. 먼저 율곡의 리기 이해를 분석하였으며, 그의 제자들이 그의 리기를 이해 ...방식이 어떻게 구체화하고 심층화시켰는지를 살펴보았다. 이 고찰을 통해서 살펴본 리기 이해의 변화는 율곡의 리기 이해를 원론으로 삼으면서도 그것을 다변화시켜 다각도로 설명하고 있었다. 그리고 이러한 변화는 리기론 자체의 발전만이 아니라 심성론의 심화로도 나타난다. 율곡과 그의 제자들은 리기를 이해하고 설명하는 것은 어렵다고 고백한다. 그리고 이러한 문제는 리기는 하나이면서 둘이요, 둘이면서 하나라는 주자학의 원론적 난제로부터 연유한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 그들은 이 문제를 설명하기 위해 리기를 다각도에서 접근하는 한편, 세분하여 분석적으로 설명하고 있다. 율곡학파의 리기 이해에서 주리와 주기는 한 단편의 이해일 뿐이었다. 이를 통해서 퇴계학파의 주리와 주기의 대립이라는 도식은 제한적으로만 가능할 뿐이라는 것도 부차적으로 확인할 수 있었다.
This thesis is focused on analysis and understanding of LiKi by Yulgok school. The subject of this thesis is the understanding of LiKi, from 16th century to 18th century. Specifically, this thesis analyzes the understandings of Yulgok Lee I, and his indisputable disciples, Wooam Song Si-yeol, Suam Kwon Sangha and Namdang Han Wonjin. First, this thesis analyzes Yulgok`s understanding of LiKi and how his disciples made depth in his understanding. Yulgok school could diversify and deepen the understanding of LiKi in various angles, based on Yulgok`s understanding. Also, this resulted not only in development of Theory of LiKi but also in advance of Theory of XinXing. Yulgok and his disciples confess that it is difficult to understand and explain LiKi. This is drawn from neo-confucian dilemma of Li and Ki being one but two, and two but one at the same time. Yet, they approached LiKi in various angles, subdivided and analyzed LiKi to explain this dilemma. In Yulgok school`s understanding of LiKi, zhuli and zhuqi are only one part of fragmented understandings. Through this, it could be confirmed that Toegye school`s diagram of dialectic conflict between chuli(主理, principle(li) as the predominant factor) and chuki(主氣, materail force(ki) as the predominant factor) is only available in restrictive understanding.
Les manifestations neurologiques au cours du syndrome d’Allgrove ne sont pas rare et peuvent intéresser le système nerveux central, périphérique ou autonome.
Nous rapportons le cas d’un jeune homme ...de 20 ans chez qui un syndrome d’Allgrove a été diagnostiqué associant une alacrymie, une achalasie et la maladie d’addison. Ce patient nous a été adressé pour ENMG devant l’histoire d’une amyotrophie progressive touchant les muscles des mains et des membres inférieurs (MI) depuis son plus jeune âge. Le tableau moteur a été associé à des paresthésies touchant les MI. Le réflexe cutané-plantaire était indifférent mais le reste des réflexes ostéo-tendineux étaient présents. A l’ENMG, il n’y avait pas d’anomalies sensitives. Cependant, l’examen moteur a montré une réduction de l’amplitude motrice du PGAM des deux nerfs cubitaux au niveau des membres supérieurs (nerf cubital 2,1mV) et des nerfs SPE au niveau MI (nerf SPE 3mV) avec des vitesses nerveuses motrices légèrement ralenties. L’électromyographie à l’aiguille a été limitée à certains muscles (patient peu coopérant) et a montré la présence d’un gradient proximo distal mais aucune activité spontanée n’a été enregistrée au repos.
Notre cas met en lumière la présence d’un tableau de SLA like dans le cadre du syndrome d’Allgrove. Bien que cette association soit peu décrite dans la littérature, celle-ci a déjà été rapportée chez une patiente présentée par bedrane et al en 2019.
Un tableau électrique SLA like peut être retrouvé dans le syndrome d’Allgrove. La présence d’un gradient proximo-distal et l’absence d’activité spontanée à la détection à l’aiguille orientent ce tableau électrique.
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