The development of an international, precompetitive, collaborative, ultraviolet (UV) research consortium is discussed as an opportunity to lay the groundwork for a new UV commercial industry and the ...supply chain to support this industry. History has demonstrated that consortia can offer promising approaches to solve many common, current industry challenges, such as the paucity of data regarding the doses of ultraviolet-C (UV-C, 200 nm to 280 nm) radiation necessary to achieve the desired reductions in healthcare pathogens and the ability of mobile disinfection devices to deliver adequate doses to the different types of surfaces in a whole-room environment. Standard methods for testing are only in the initial stages of development, making it difficult to choose a specific UV-C device for a healthcare application. Currently, the public interest in UV-C disinfection applications is elevated due to the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes the respiratory coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). By channeling the expertise of different UV industry stakeholder sectors into a unified international consortium, innovation in UV measurements and data could be developed to support test methods and standards development for UV healthcare equipment. As discussed in this paper, several successful examples of consortia are applicable to the UV industry to help solve these types of common problems. It is anticipated that a consortium for the industry could lead to UV applications for disinfection becoming globally prolific and commonplace in residential, work, business, and school settings as well as in transportation (bus, rail, air, ship) environments. Aggressive elimination of infectious agents by UV-C technologies would also help to reduce the evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
The article considers modern trends in the development of the automotive market and, in particular, the segment of electric vehicles. The data on the number of cars per 1000 population has been ...analyzes, as well as the volume of car sales in 2016-2017. The analysis reveals the share of electric vehicles in the total amount of new cars sales. Authors studied the dynamics of changes in sales of electric vehicles in the markets of developed countries and calculated the annual change in indicators in percent. The governmental plans of leading countries for electric vehicles have been described and the sales volumes of the most popular models of electric vehicles have been analyzed. Authors evaluated the performance of Tesla and revealed an increase in debts. Particularly, there is no dividend payouts per share. Authors identified the reasons for the growth in the value of companies, and concluded that the value of the Tesla’s shares was over-valued.
In this paper, we measure demand growth characteristics for the imported salted & dried fish (klippfisk) market in Brazil. Norway has dominated this market but more recently, Portugal has expanded ...production of salted & dried fish. Codfish has traditionally been the prime input used in the salted & dried process but a variety of other whitefish (Pollock, Ling, Saithe, Tusk) are used for this product. Our interest here is twofold; measuring country of origin growth effects comparing Norwegian to Portuguese salted & dried codfish products and, measuring growth effects for salted & dried fish based on alternative primary fish inputs used in processing. For the former we anticipate quality differences based on country of origin. For the latter, the choice of primary fish input impacts both cost of processing and quality of final product. The model is used to simulate a number of price scenarios.
The study identified the principal professional domains leading to success in legal professions. Based on a sample of 300 Polish attorneys, with the use of confirmatory factor analysis and 22 ...specific items, four principal domains of success were discerned—professional skills, marketing skills, reputation, and ethics. The evolution of these domains in Poland between 2005 and 2017 was examined, revealing that the importance of marketing skills significantly increased, while the remaining three domains lost importance over the study period. The results also indicated that legal professionals were more inclined to value professional skills, marketing skills, and ethics when their clients had an ability to measure the quality of legal service provided. The same domains transpired as important for lawyers, who attributed high importance to the role of the bar.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating effects of market growth on the relationships between power distance and new venture performance and between market information ...utilization in new ventures and new venture performance in China.
Design/methodology/approach
This study uses content analyses and OLS regressions.
Findings
First, power distance and market information utilization have positive effects on Chinese new venture performance. Second, in a low market growth environment, increasing power distance increases Chinese new venture performance. Third, in a high market growth environment, increasing power distance decreases, not increases, Chinese new venture performance.
Research limitations/implications
This study contributes to the market orientation literature by examining the moderating effects of market growth on the market information utilization-performance relationship in China. This study also adds to the existing understanding of power distance and market information utilization in contingency theoretical perspective.
Practical implications
Chinese new ventures operating in a high-growth market should reduce power distance. However, when operating in the low market growth industry, Chinese new ventures should increase power distance. While all Chinese new ventures should use market information to make decisions, the roles of market information are more important for Chinese new ventures operating in high market growth industries than for those operating in low market growth industries.
Originality/value
This study examines the moderating effects of market growth on the positive relationship between power distance and Chinese new venture performance and the positive relationship between market information utilization on Chinese new venture performance in the same model.
Purpose
This paper aims to analyse normative corporate governance evolution in the UK between 1995 and 2014 against the benchmark of Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) ...regulatory principles.
Design/methodology/approach
Methodologically, the authors conduct an empirical, longitudinal data set analysis of the formative years of UK normative corporate governance development between 1995 and 2014. We provide a qualitative discussion of the empirical evidence that links the type of UK regulatory corporate governance development to financial market growth thereby adopting a mixed approach based on quantitative and qualitative research methods.
Findings
The authors find that compared to the OECD model of corporate governance, the UK model is less rigid following a more self-regulatory approach based upon a “comply or explain” paradigm. Thus it is scored below corporate governance systems that follow a compulsory implementation model. However, even with such “low” tilt towards formal shareholder primacy norms, the UK has the best performing financial market. As a quasi-empirical study, the authors suggest that there are several historical and economic reasons for this, which together with a robust rule of law in the UK contribute to this performance – and the law especially the type or tilt is less relevant.
Originality/value
This is the first of its kind empirical, longitudinal data set analysis with qualitative elements that links empirical evidence to regulatory developments in the wider context of UK corporate governance evolution.
Abstract In this paper, by proposing an R&D accumulation law for an economy with an expanding number of firms, I seek to reconcile the following three facts: the positive relationship between the ...fraction of income allocated to R&D expenditure and growth; the positive relationship between the number of firms and total factor productivity growth; and knowledge as a non‐rival and non‐excludable good. There are scale effects because of the public nature of knowledge, but the economy also grows in the absence of population growth. I find that population growth explains one‐fifth of market income growth but only one‐sixteenth of efficient income growth.
Progress in renewable energy Gross, Robert; Leach, Matthew; Bauen, Ausilio
Environment International,
04/2003, Volume:
29, Issue:
1
Book Review, Journal Article
Peer reviewed
This paper provides an overview of some of the key technological and market developments for leading renewable energy technologies—wind, wave and tidal, photovoltaics (PV) and biomass energy. Market ...growth, innovation and policy are closely interrelated in the development of renewables and the key issues in each area are explored for each of the main types of renewable energy technology. This enables the prospects for future development and cost reduction to be considered in detail. Key issues for policy are outlined.
Purpose
Since its independence, Kazakhstan has been improving its corporate governance system according to recommendations of international organizations. It was promised that the adoption of ...shareholder primacy approach would have a positive impact on its financial market growth. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to quantitatively analyse whether Kazakhstani corporate governance is moving towards a shareholder primacy corporate governance approach and its impact on financial market growth.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper will conduct a quantitative analysis. Firstly, the changes in corporate governance that occurred between 1991 and 2017 will be analysed using 52 corporate governance variables. Thus, a questionnaire will be used to collect data. When the questionnaire is completed, all data will be converted into numbers. Then, multiple liner regression will be used to estimate the impact of change in corporate governance.
Findings
The paper finds that Kazakhstan is successfully adopting shareholder-friendly corporate governance standards and so-called convergence has also occurred. Moreover, it is suggested that reforms in Kazakhstani corporate governance system have not yet brought the desired result of prosperous financial market and high flows of foreign investments.
Originality/value
Analysis specifically considers the changes in Kazakhstani corporate governance system and uses quantitative methods, whereas there is a lack (if not complete absence) of quantitative studies regarding Kazakhstani corporate governance.
Boston Consulting Group's Growth - Share Matrix (BCG Matrix) in its original format is a simple 2 × 2 matrix which establishes the correlation between Market Growth Rate and Relative Market Share of ...different firms and classify them into four categories as 'Dogs', 'Question Marks (?)', 'Cash Cows', and 'Stars'. This research paper's objectives are two-fold: First, to test whether there is a statistically significant correlation between Market Growth Rate and Relative Market Share of the Market Leader and its 'nearest' rival/'follower', and if so, to classify them accordingly and test their natures of risk - aversion; and Second, to formulate a BCG Index (BCGI) by means of two statistically correlated variables for estimating their respective BCG Index Areas (BCGIA) to perform a comparative analysis. In order to serve the purposes, an empirical time - series study of 20 years has been conducted on Wal-Mart and Amazon; the leader and its closest follower in the Wholesale market segment since they are ranked First and Fifth respectively in terms of revenue as per Fortune Global 500 list
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