Poštapalice u medijskome govoru Golub, Gracija; Vidović Zorić, Ana
FLUMINENSIA,
2022, Volume:
34, Issue:
2
Journal Article, Paper
Peer reviewed
Open access
Iako se na poštapalice u jezičnim priručnicima gleda kao na rubnu vrstu, one su važan izvor informacija za brojne aspekte proučavanja jezične djelatnosti. Svrha je ovoga rada bila detaljnije ...promotriti neke od tih aspekata, preciznije uporabu poštapalica ovisno o govornome stilu u medijima, o spolu, kao i dobiti bolji uvid u planiranje govora tijekom govorne proizvodnje. U radu se analizira učestalost uporabe poštapalica u spontanome govoru na hrvatskome jeziku u ozbiljnim i zabavnim emisijama. Osim toga, analiza uključuje i položaj poštapalica u izričaju, njihova jezična obilježja te njihovu učestalost u muških i ženskih govornika. Govorni korpus čine jednominutne snimke 40 govornika u emisijama uživo javne televizije koji su ujednačeni prema spolu i tipu emisije. Rezultati pokazuju da neku vrstu poštapalica upotrebljavaju svi ispitanici, iako se njihova učestalost između pojedinih ispitanika bitno razlikuje. Nadalje, poštapalice se znatno češće koriste u zabavnim nego ozbiljnim emisijama, što se može objasniti različitim komunikacijskim strategijama govornika u ovim dvama tipovima. Također, poštapalice su znatno češće na početku izričaja u odnosu na sredinu i kraj, što ide u prilog tezi da je početak izričaja mjesto najvećeg kognitivnog opterećenja u proizvodnji govora. Nema razlike u ukupnom broju poštapalica između spolova, no muškarci češće nego žene koriste poštapalice na kraju izričaja. Prema vrsti riječi poštapalice su najčešće glagoli, a zatim prilozi i zamjenice. Najčešće poštapalice u analiziranom korpusu su: ono, pa, ovaj, zapravo i dakle, a osim navedenih kolektivnih poštapalica, govornici koriste i individualne poštapalice, tipične za pojedinca ili manju društvenuskupinu.
In most of the grammar books filler words have a marginal position. Nevertheless, they are an important source of information for many aspects of linguistic performance. The purpose of this paper was to investigate some of these aspects in more detail, i.e., the use of filler words depending on the speech style in the media, on gender, as well as to get a better insight into speech planning during speech production. The investigation includes the analysis of the frequency of filler words in spontaneous speech in Croatian in formal and entertaining TV shows. In addition, the analysis includes the position of filler words in the utterance, their lexical category, and their distribution according to sex. The analysed speech corpus consists of oneminute recordings of 40 speakers in live broadcasts of public television, which are equalized according to gender and type of show. The results show that some fillerwords are used by all speakers, although their frequency varies significantly between speakers. Furthermore, filler words are much more often used in entertaining shows than in formal shows, which can be explained by the different communication strategies of the speakers in these two types of shows. In addition, filler words are significantly more frequent at the beginning of the utterance as compared to the middle and the end of the utterance, which supports the thesis that the beginning of the utterance is the place with the highest cognitive load in speech production. There is no difference in the total number of filler words between the sexes, but men use filler words at the end of the utterance more often than women. As far as parts of speech are concerned, filler words are most frequently verbs, followed by adverbs and pronouns. The most frequent filler words in the analysed corpus are Croatian expressions: ono (that), pa (well), ovaj (this), zapravo (actually) and dakle (so), and besides these collective filler words, speakers also use individual fillers, typical for individuals or smaller social groups.
