The title 'Medieval urban history/stories' evokes the dual meaning of the word as an event and as a narrative. On the one hand, it is about the event itself, and on the other, about what is reported ...and narrated about this event, i.e. urban historiography and the literature produced in the city. This anthology brings together contributions that examine the representation of the city in literature, art and historiography as well as a specifically urban culture in the Middle Ages and early modern period. To this end, sources are selected from the extensive corpus in which topography and institutions, buildings and inhabitants are explicitly addressed and become the subject of narration, praise and historical representation. The aim is to combine older approaches to social history with more recent ones, such as imagological approaches.
Der Titel ‚Mittelalterliche Stadtgeschichte(n)‘ evoziert die zweifache Bedeutung des Wortes ‚Stadtgeschichte(n)‘ als Ereignis und als Erzählung. Zum einen geht es um das Geschehen an sich, zum anderen um das über dieses Geschehen Berichtete und Erzählte, also die Stadtgeschichtsschreibung sowie die in der Stadt produzierte Literatur. Der Sammelband vereint Beiträge, die nach der Repräsentation der Stadt in Literatur, Kunst und Historiografie sowie nach einer spezifisch städtischen Kultur in Mittelalter und Früher Neuzeit fragen. Dazu werden aus dem umfassenden Corpus solche Quellen herausgegriffen, in denen Topografie und Institutionen, Bauten und Bewohner explizit zur Sprache kommen und zum Gegenstand der Erzählung, des Lobs und der Geschichtsdarstellung werden. Ziel ist es, ältere Ansätze der Sozialgeschichte mit jüngeren, wie etwa imagologischen Ansätzen zu verbinden.
György Nagy was an eighteenth-century merchant and nobleman in the Jászság region, and his diary for the period 1759 to 1769 gives insights into his selfidentity. Even though it is not explicitly ...stated, the document is infused with a sense of being an outsider. This study attempts to find the bases of this sentiment using the methods of cultural psychology, and seeks to explore his particular responses to conflicts that arose in his life. Four factors can be identified which made the diary’s author an outcast: (i) Nagy came from outside the Jászság region; (ii) his university-level education and profession distinguished his lifestyle from that of the landed peasant majority; (iii) his identity as a member of lower nobility; (iv) the conjunction and combination of these circumstances all at once. It was Nagy’s ancestry which was the principal determinant his self-image and exercised the greatest influence over his decisions (loans, etc.).
As part of the unique Tibetan culture, Tibetan Buddhism is associated with traditional educational influence on Tibetan children's self-development, such as psychological resilience and self-harmony. ...Social mentalities, an individual's cognitions and feelings of fundamental social relations and phenomena, are also influenced by minority social culture, including Tibetan Buddhism concepts. This study hypothesizes and explores the serial mediating roles of psychological resilience and self-harmony between faith in Tibetan Buddhism and positive social mentalities in Tibetan primary and secondary school students. For this purpose, 1007 Tibetan primary and secondary school students who believed in Tibetan Buddhism were surveyed using a cross-sectional design. The results showed that faith in Tibetan Buddhism was not directly associated with positive social mentalities. However, psychological resilience and self-harmony had serial mediating effects on the relationship between faith in Tibetan Buddhism and positive social mentalities, and it is a wholly mediated effect. It means that students who have faith in Tibetan Buddhism have higher levels of psychological resilience and self-harmony, resulting in more positive social mentalities.
This article discusses the uses of conceptual history and historical semantics for Ottoman studies. It cautions against scientific and political pitfalls that may arise from a simplistic and ...uncritical adaptation of an historiographical trend and invites for a reflective approach to the study of Ottoman socio-political language primarily of the 19th/20th centuries. The language of the Ottoman Empire differs fundamentally as an object of historical study from Western European cases, where studies on conceptual history have proliferated, which poses a real challenge to historical semantics in Ottoman studies. However, its specificities can and partly already have given rise to highly reflective methods in the study of language change. The article follows ideas of semantic fields or world fields put forward in particular since the 1980s to discuss particularities and possibilities of historical semantics in Ottoman studies beyond classical methods associated with conceptual history. It argues that, despite all shortcomings, working on the Ottoman socio-political language can be a unique tool beyond the dichotomy of social and intellectual history to study a level of historical experience defined by mentalities, ideology, and the unconscious.
Fragmentation of processes and interventions plague the psychotherapies (Gilbert & Kirby, ). Part of the problem is that we have not agreed on a framework that could be the basis for integrating ...knowledge and the scientific enquiry of processes and interventions. This paper outlines an approach that brings together a variety of different disciplines in the service of consilience (Wilson, , Consilience: The unity of knowledge, Vintage, New York, NY; Siegel, ). It presents the importance of an evolutionary framework for understanding the proclivities and dispositions for mental suffering and antisocial behaviour, and how they are choreographed in different sociodevelopmental contexts. Building on earlier models (Gilbert, , Human nature and suffering, Routledge, London, UK; Gilbert, , Clin. Psychol. Psychother., 2, 135; Gilbert, , Br. J. Med. Psychol., 71, 353; Gilbert, , Case formulation in cognitive behaviour therapy: The treatment of challenging cases, Wiley, Chichester, UK, pp. 50–89) the call is for an integrative, evolutionary, contextual, biopsychosocial approach to psychology and psychotherapy.
Practitioner points
Evolutionary functional analysis is part of an evolutionary, contextual, biopsychosocial approach to mental health that can serve as a scientific platform for the future developments of psychotherapy.
Therapist skills and training will increasing need to focus on the multidimensional textures of mental states especially the context‐social‐body linkages.
Therapies of the future will also focus more on the moral aspects of therapy and address the need to promote prosocial and ethical behaviour to self and others.
Dada la crisis de los grandes paradigmas interpretativos del pasado es pertinente implementar, en el aula, situaciones de aprendizaje basadas en el análisis de las mentalidades populares. Con el ...objetivo de dotar al alumnado de las herramientas conceptuales para comprender el mundo actual y las relaciones sociales y de género en su perspectiva histórica, cabe un cambio historiográfico y epistemológico basado en el uso de diferentes fuentes. La nueva legislación educativa impele a reenfocar los contenidos de forma competencial mediante el recurso a las emociones y cogniciones. La Historia social de la Edad Moderna se trabaja mediante ciertos saberes básicos con el objetivo de desarrollar las competencias específicas. desde Situaciones de Aprendizaje desarrolladas sobre la empatía histórica en miniproyectos sobre la caza de brujas. Este acercamiento histórico a las relaciones de género excluyentes y a la brujería y su persecución suscita situaciones de empatía al comparar estos procesos con las experiencias vitales del alumnado. Respecto de los objetivos, cabe acercarse a la construcción del género desde la significatividad psicológica mediante la metodología cooperativa y desde los miniproyectos. Se generan situaciones de empatía para comprender de forma más operativa el fenómeno en su contexto histórico.
Do digital games and play mean the same things for different people? This article presents the results of a 3-year study in which we sought for new ways to approach digital games cultures and playing ...practices. First, the authors present the research process in brief and emphasize the importance of merging different kinds of methods and materials in the study of games cultures. Second, the authors introduce a gaming mentality heuristics that is not dedicated to a certain domain or genre of games, addressing light casual and light social gaming motivations as well as more dedicated ones in a joint framework. The analysis reveals that, in contrast to common belief, the majority of digital gaming takes place between ‘‘casual relaxing’’ and ‘‘committed entertaining,’’ where the multiplicity of experiences, feelings, and understandings that people have about their playing and digital games is wide ranging. Digital gaming is thus found to be a multifaceted social and cultural phenomenon that can be understood, practiced, and used in various ways.
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