The concept of vulnerable groups is gaming momentum in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights. The Court has so far used it in cases concerning Roma, people with mental disabilities, ...people living with HIV, and asylum seekers. Yet the appearance of the vulnerable-group concept in the Court's legal reasoning has so far escaped scholarly attention. Drawing on theoretical debates on vulnerability as well as on the Court's case law, this article offers a critical assessment of the concept. Reasoning in terms of vulnerable groups opens a number of possibilities, most notably, the opportunity to move closer to a more robust idea of equality. However, the concept also has some inherent difficulties. This article argues for a reflective use of the concept and points out ways in which the Court can avoid its pitfalls. Adapted from the source document.
Intellectual disability is usually thought of as a form of internal, individual affliction, little different from diabetes, paralysis or chronic illness. This study, the first book-length application ...of discursive psychology to intellectual disability, shows that what we usually understand as being an individual problem is actually an interactional, or social, product. Through a range of case studies, which draw upon ethnomethodological and conversation analytic scholarship, the book shows how persons categorized as 'intellectually disabled' are produced, as such, in and through their moment-by-moment interaction with care staff and other professionals. Mark Rapley extends and reformulates current work in disability studies and offers a reconceptualisation of intellectual disability as both a professionally ascribed diagnostic category and an accomplished - and contested - social identity. Importantly, the book is grounded in data drawn from naturally-occurring, rather than professionally orchestrated, social interaction.
The loss of reason, a sense of alienation from the commonsense world we all like to imagine we inhabit, the shattering emotional turmoil that seizes hold and won't let go-these are some of the traits ...we associate with madness. Today, mental disturbance is most commonly viewed through a medical lens, but societies have also sought to make sense of it through religion or the supernatural, or by constructing psychological or social explanations in an effort to tame the demons of unreason.Madness in Civilizationtraces the long and complex history of this affliction and our attempts to treat it.
Beautifully illustrated throughout,Madness in Civilizationtakes readers from antiquity to today, painting a vivid and often harrowing portrait of the different ways that cultures around the world have interpreted and responded to the seemingly irrational, psychotic, and insane. From the Bible to Sigmund Freud, from exorcism to mesmerism, from Bedlam to Victorian asylums, from the theory of humors to modern pharmacology, the book explores the manifestations and meanings of madness, its challenges and consequences, and our varied responses to it. It also looks at how insanity has haunted the imaginations of artists and writers and describes the profound influence it has had on the arts, from drama, opera, and the novel to drawing, painting, and sculpture.
Written by one of the world's preeminent historians of psychiatry,Madness in Civilizationis a panoramic history of the human encounter with unreason.
If all chronic conditions causing disability of any degree in childhood are included, the prevalence of disability is remarkably high. Studies on families with handicapped children have indicated ...that both parents often experience psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression. Handicapped children too suffer from psychological illnesses. Hence, the present study was undertaken. The study aims to look at the sociodemographic profile and psychopathology of mentally and physically handicapped children and their parents and to compare it with that of nonhandicapped children. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 90 children of both sexes. Sixty of these were handicapped-30 physically and 30 mentally. Thirty children were nonhandicapped. A semi-structured proforma, IQ tests, and Childhood Psychopathology Measurement schedule (CPMS) were used for assessment. Chi-square test and Paired “t”-test were used in the analysis. Results: It was observed that a greater number of handicapped children belonged to the higher score groups as compared to the nonhandicapped group. Significantly higher incidence of morbidity was observed in the handicapped children as compared to nonhandicapped children. Fathers and mothers of handicapped children had higher degree of psychopathology as compared to those of nonhandicapped children. Mothers' psychopathology had a significant effect on the severity of CPMS scoring in physically handicapped children. Conclusion: Handicapped children showed more severe psychopathology as compared to nonhandicapped. Mothers of handicapped children had higher psychiatric morbidity as compared to those of nonhandicapped children. Psychopathology of mother significantly affected the psychopathology of children.
Brings together the growing amount of evidence on the assessment and treatment of offenders with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Written by a team of international experts, this ...comprehensive and informative book provides a contemporary picture of evidence-based practice for offenders with intellectual and developmental disabilities. By adopting a scientist- practitioner position directed at an academic level with practitioner guidelines, it provides a valuable reference source for professionals from allied disciplines who are using or seeking to apply research for this client group. The Wiley Handbook of What Works for Offenders with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: An Evidence Based Approach to Theory, Assessment and Treatment is divided into five sections: Introduction, Phenotypes & Genotypes and Offending Behavior, Validated Assessments, Treatment, and Conclusions. The Introduction offers an overview of the entire book and is followed by a second overview covering the ethics of evidence-based practice. After that come chapters on protecting the rights of people with intellectual disabilities in correctional settings, and behavioral and cognitive phenotypes in genetic disorders associated with offending. The third part of the book studies the assessment of individuals with anger and violence issues, inappropriate sexual behavior, alcohol abuse, and emotional difficulties. Next comes a section that looks how to offenders can be treated. The final section discusses future directions and requirements for offenders with intellectual and developmental disabilities. * Provides an overview of the ethical challenges and issues faced by those who work with intellectually and developmentally disabled offenders * Focuses on proof of treatment effectiveness and validation of assessment methods to direct readers toward "What Works" * Features contributions from authors across the entire English-speaking world including the UK, US, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand The Wiley Handbook of What Works for Offenders with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: An Evidence Based Approach to Theory, Assessment and Treatment will appeal to all who work in the field of offenders with intellectual and developmental disabilities, including nursing staff, social workers and probation officers, medical and psychology staff, and more.
A comprehensive compendium to the research and evidence supporting clinical work with people with intellectual and developmental disabilities who offend or are at risk of offending. With ...contributions from an international panel of experts, the text reviews the most recent developments in the assessment, treatment and management of various types of offenders with intellectual disabilities including violent offenders, sexual offenders and firesetters. The text also explores the developments in research on risk assessment and management of people with intellectual disabilities who offend or are at risk of offending.
This book provides the first comprehensive exploration of the issues affecting the lives of women with intellectual disabilities. Women from all over the world have collaborated to write about their ...lives, their experiences and their hopes for the future. Different aspects of life - work, family, relationships and more - are discussed.
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