We analyze the risk attitude of women and men entrepreneurs in the micro and small enterprises (MSEs) and investigate the factors that influence the risk attitude of MSE owners. The empirical ...analysis of the study consists of two parts. First, we use a moment-based approach to estimate the risk preferences of male and female entrepreneurs. Second, we estimate a regression model to understand the correlates of risk attitude and decompose the gender difference in risk aversion using the Oaxaca-Blinder technique. The results indicate that MSE entrepreneurs are risk-averse, with a relative risk premium of 1.5%. We also find that females are slightly more risk-averse than male entrepreneurs. Our regression estimates show that entrepreneurs’ risk attitude is significantly correlated with the age and experience of the entrepreneur, marital status, education level and financial literacy, wealth, sector, and business form. Furthermore, the predictor variables significantly explain the gender difference in risk aversion, while the unexplained component is insignificant. This suggests that the gender difference in risk aversion is due to disparities in socioeconomic factors than a biological difference in risk preference.
Employee work stress jeopardizes employee well-being and enterprise performance in micro and small enterprises (MSEs). Although previous studies show that formal stress prevention practices ...effectively improve employee well-being and, in turn, foster enterprise performance, MSE managers rarely adopt such formal prevention practices. Based on qualitative evidence, we explore the attitudes and perceptions underlying MSE managers' decision to adopt formal stress prevention practices (i.e., their perceived closeness with employees, perceived expertise in stress prevention, attitude toward formal practices, attitude toward external support, attitude toward work stress, and perceived employee buy-in). Moreover, we develop a theoretical model explaining how the extracted attitudes and perceptions influence MSE managers' adoption decisions. Our study contributes to the research on MSE managers' experience with managing work stress and their role as employers. Furthermore, we provide practical recommendations for external providers of formal stress prevention practices on how to engage with MSE managers.
•We examine MSE managers' decision to adopt formal stress prevention practices.•Using inductive content analysis, we explore six relevant attitudes and perceptions.•We develop a theoretical model and infer propositions based on our data.•Our model explains how attitudes and perceptions influence the adoption decision.
•A survey of 2222 micro and small enterprises in Indonesia.•Determinants of the use of technological-based innovation.•Some business factors as well as firm and owner characteristics matter.•The ...adoption is different during the Covid-19.
A substantial proportion of Indonesian households in Indonesia depend on micro and small enterprises for their income. Mobile phone and internet penetration is expected to substantially drive micro and small enterprises to use technological-based innovation which eventually will improve the productivity and efficiency of those firms. In this paper, using a survey of 2,222 micro and small enterprises in Indonesia, we estimate an empirical model on the determinants of the use of technological-based innovation including digital finance technologies and online sales for micro and small enterprises. By doing so, we are able to improve understanding of the barriers to micro and small business use of digital technologies in Indonesia. Our results reveal that some business factors as well as firm and owner characteristics play significant role in explaining the barriers of adopting digital innovation. We also find that firms with higher income and selling during Covid-19 pandemic mostly adopt digital technologies in their business activity.
This paper analyzes the effect of family employment on performance in micro and small enterprises (MSEs) by combining two research perspectives that, until now, have been conducted separately: the ...family embeddedness perspective of entrepreneurship (Aldrich and Cliff, 2003) and the socioemotional wealth (SEW) approach to family business (Gomez-Mejia et al 2007). Our integrated perspective allows us to highlight how the nature of the employment relationships in MSEs enhances the benefits derived from the socioemotional endowment associated with family labor, and reduces the opportunity costs of employing relatives. Moreover, we assert that this relationship is moderated by specific family characteristics that determine the firm's ability to preserve the SEW, while at the same time pursuing financial goals. Our results provide partial support to the enhancing role of family labour on MSEs performance: employing family members increases sales but decreases profitability as measured by ROA. This effect also results in improved performance for women-led firms and for firms that have received family funding, but impairs MSEs performance when the business is the main source of the owner's household income. PUBLICATION ABSTRACT
This study examines the implementation of halal certification for Micro and Small Enterprises based on Article 79 of Government Regulation Number 39 of 2021 on the Administration of Halal Product ...Assurance (PP No. 39/2021). The implementation of this regulation in Labuhan Dalam Subdistrict, Tanjung Senang District, and Bandar Lampung City has not been carried out effectively because there are still Micro and Small Enterprise products that have not been halal certified. The focus of this study is: What is the maslahah review on the implementation of Article 79 of PP No. 39/2021 regarding halal certification for Micro and Small Enterprises in Labuhan Dalam Subdistrict, Tanjung Senang District, Bandar Lampung City? The method used is field research with qualitative descriptive analysis. The primary data sources are interview results and observations with micro and small business actors who are required to have halal certification in Labuhan Dalam Subdistrict, Tanjung Senang District, Bandar Lampung City, and BPJPH employees of the Lampung Provincial Office of the Ministry of Religion in the Halal Task Force. The conclusion of the study is that, from the maslahah perspective, Article 79 of PP No. 39/2021 has not been well implemented in Labuhan Dalam. This is because the government, BPJPH, has not fully carried out its duties to execute its tasks and authorities to provide information, education, and socialization related to the obligation to have halal certification to micro and small business actors, as well as the lack of awareness of micro and small business actors regarding the obligation to have a halal certificate. This naturally brings harm to micro- and small-scale businesses and the community.
•The study found that the loan to sales revenue and employee wages gradually rose to a stable period, and eventually declined.•A new nonparametric density method is proposed to balance economic ...effect and social responsibility: the loan scale and sales volume remain unchanged, increase employee income, and vice versa.
Regarding the financial support provided to micro and small enterprises (MSEs), deciding whether to prioritize economic benefit or social responsibility is a crucial policy choice, especially in developing countries. This paper establishes a new research framework for density of enterprise output value and wages conditional on loans to balance economic benefit (sales revenue) and social responsibility (employee payroll). Using data on 9125 Chinese enterprises from January 2015 to December 2017, this paper shows that loans have a range effect on sales revenue and employee payroll, which ascends gradually to a plateau and eventually descends. Based on this finding, this paper proposes a reallocation scheme. With total loans unchanged, fixed sales revenue can increase employee payroll by 3.8%. Similarly, fixed employee payroll can increase sales revenue by 5.2%. This study not only provides empirical evidence for financially supporting MSEs, but also provides alternative decision support for policy design.
In this study the authors tried to identify mediating role of innovation and moderating role of size of enterprise in the relationship Making a living with lawful earnings is possible by working for ...others, becoming self-employed or employing others. This paper aims at providing insights into the role of structural support and the use of E-learning such as business simulations games in developing entrepreneurial intentions of university students. The underlying theories of experiential learning, constructivist learning theory and bloom’s taxonomy are discussed in relation with the objectives of this study. The response of 252 university students from Malaysia was collected through self-administrative survey using simple random sampling technique. The results of PLS-SEM demonstrate a significant positive impact of E-learning resources and perceived structural support from Government in developing entrepreneurial inclinations of students at Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM). The present study provides an overview and highlight the role assumed by the institutions of higher education through adoption of E-learning resources in order to nurture entrepreneurship among young generation. Additionally, keeping in view the role of higher education in socio-economic development, recommendations have also been proposed for universities and policy makings institutions to cope with the current challenges of higher education. The findings of this study have important implications of enhancing entrepreneurial capacity in Malaysia.
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