Arbuskularne mikorizne gljive (AMG) su korisni mikroorganizmi tla koji žive u obliku simbioze s korijenjem velikog broja biljnih vrsta, uključujući i većinu ekonomski važnih poljoprivrednih kultura, ...u koje se za područje Hrvatske ubraja i rajčica. Rajčica ima visoki stupanj prirodne sposobnosti vezivanja s AMG, čije su prednosti najvećim dijelom povezane s boljom kondicijom biljaka i otpornosti na različite biotske i abiotske čimbenike. Primjena AMG je ograničena proizvodnim uvjetima, između ostalih primjenom fungicida koja se redovito provodi u proizvodnji rajčice za suzbijanje gljivičnih bolesti. Iako se fungicidi u proizvodnji rajčice uglavnom primjenjuju folijarno, značajne količine primijenjene djelatne tvari mogu indirektno dospjeti u gornji sloj tla i negativno utjecati na razvoj AMG. Cilj ovog preglednog rada je, temeljem dostupnih literaturnih podataka i dosadašnjih istraživanja, prikazati kompatibilnost AMG i fungicida dozvoljenih u Hrvatskoj za primjenu u proizvodnji rajčice na otvorenome.
Kebutuhan bahan baku untuk industri pengolahan kayu dan serat dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat, sedangkan pasokan bahan baku dari hutan alam semakin menurun, akibatnya terjadi kelangkaan bahan ...baku industri pengolahan kayu dan pulp. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pengembangan hutan tanaman yang memadai. Tanaman nyawai (Ficus variegata Blume) merupakan jenis alternatif prioritas dalam pembangunan hutan tanaman penghasil kayu. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan pengembangan hutan tanaman nyawai adalah penggunaan bibit bermutu, karena bibit yang berkualitas akan menghasilkan tegakan dengan tingkat produktivitas tinggi. Pengadaan bibit nyawai bermutu dapat melalui teknik perbanyakan generatif maupun vegetatif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan kombinasi pemupukan dan mikoriza yang tepat untuk menghasilkan bibit nyawai yang berkualitas. Buah nyawai dikumpulkan dari Kebun Raya Cibodas (Cianjur). Lokasi Penelitian di persemaian Nagrak. Perkecambahan dilakukan dengan menabur benih pada bak kecambah yang berisi media yang telah disterilkan. Media penyapihan menggunakan tanah sub soil ditambah mikoriza: tanpa mikoriza (C0), Glomus sp. (C1), Acaulospora sp. (C2) dan dosis NPK sebanyak : 0,0 g (P0), 0,5 g/polybag (P1), 1,0 g/poybag (P2). Pengadaan bibit nyawai dapat menggunakan campuran media tanah subsoil + 30 % serbuk sabut kelapa (coco peat) +10 % arang sekam padi (v/v), CMA Glomus sp dan Acaulospora sp mampu berkolonisasi dengan akar bibit nyawai. Pemberian pupuk NPK 0,5 – 1,0 gram per polybag dapat meningkatkan serapan hara P.
Penelitian rumah kaca dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk Rock Phosphat dan inokulasi mikoriza terhadap pertumbuhan legum pakan pada media tanam steril dan tidak steril. Penelitian ...ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2x2x4, faktor pertama adalah sterilisasi media tanam (tidak disterilkan, disterilkan), faktor kedua adalah inokulasi mikoriza (tanpa mikoriza dan dengan mikoriza), dan faktor ketiga adalah dosis pemberian Rock Phospat (0 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha, dan 300 kg/ha), dengan tiga ulangan. Peubah yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, lebar daun, panjang daun dan jumlah tangkai daun yang dilakukan setiap minggu selama 6 minggu. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan sterilisasi berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, lebar daun, dan panjang daun legum pada setiap waktu pengamatan. pertumbuhan tanaman legume. Faktor mikoriza hanya berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap tinggi tanaman pada pengamatan minggu pertama. Faktor sterilisasi dan mikoriza terjadi interaksi (P<0,05) terhadap tinggi tanaman pada pengamatan minggu pertama. Secara umum, pertumbuhan legum pakan lebih baik pada media tanam yang tidak steril dibandingkan dengan media tanam yang telah disterilkan, dan mikoriza memberikan respon terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman baik pada media tanam yang disterilkan maupun tanpa sterilisasi.
Vrste roda Heuchera L. pripadaju skupini trajnica koje se najčešće primjenjuju za uređenje cvjetnih gredica i kamenjara. Osim cvijeta, posjeduju privlačno lišće, što ih čini zanimljivima kroz cijelu ...godinu. Pri generativnom razmnožavanju koje je zastupljeno u značajnoj mjeri u proizvodnji trajnica, često dolazi do problema sporog nicanja što poskupljuje troškove proizvodnje, stoga je poželjan što kraći period od sjetve do nicanja.
Cilj rada je bio utvrditi utjecaj endomikorizne gljive Glomus mossae na dinamiku nicanja sjemena i razvoj listova kod kultivara Heuchera sanguinea Engelm. 'Metallica'. Sjeme je posijano u prethodno inokulirani supstrat sporama endomikorizne gljive Glomus mossae u dvije različite koncentracije, od 2,5 vol. %, i 5 vol. %. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je endomikorizna gljiva Glomus mossae imala pozitivan učinak na dinamiku nicanja u usporedbi s kontrolom. Pozitivan učinak Glomus mossae izostao je kod razvoja listova, u manjoj koncentraciji inokuluma u supstratu (2,5 vol. %), u usporedbi s kontrolom.
This study was conducted in 2017 under greenhouse conditions using selected four different potato clones to determine the effects of different doses of GA3 and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on mini ...tuber production. The research, carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications, applied GA3 doses of 0, 5, 10, and 15 ppm, and mycorrhizal inoculat doses of 0, 500, 1250, and 2000 mg/100 tubers. Parameters including emergence time, plant height, main stem number, tuber number, average tuber weight, tuber size distribution (>45 mm, 28-45 mm, <28 mm), and maturity period were examined. The effect of GA3 application on all investigated parameters except the number of main stems was significant, statistically. The highest mini tuber number (9.1 tubers) and mini tuber yield (408.4 g/pot) were obtained from the application of 15 ppm GA3, while the highest average mini tuber weight (46.74 g) was obtained from the control group. In mycorrhizal applications, the highest tuber number was obtained at a dose of 500 mg/100 tubers, and the highest mini tuber weight and yield were obtained at a dose of 1250 mg/100 tubers. As a result of the study, it was determined that the application of 15 ppm GA3 is suitable due to its positive effect on mini tuber multiplication, and the mycorrhizal application at a dose of 500 mg/100 tubers is appropriate due to its positive effect on increase of tuber number.
Grafting bibit kopi memiliki tujuan menghasilkan tanaman dengan karakteristik terbaik dari dua varietas kopi yang disambungkan. Kopi robusta digunakan sebagai batang bawah, karena lebih tahan ...terhadap kondisi yang tidak menguntungkan di lahan gambut. Upaya peningkatan ketahanan batang bawah dapat memanfaatkan mikoriza dan disambungkan dengan kopi liberika sebagai batang atas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bibit kopi Liberika unggul hasil grafting dengan kopi Robusta bermikoriza serta mendapatkan panjang entres kopi Liberika yang mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kopi Liberika hasil sambung pucuk. Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap faktorial dengan dua faktor dan empat ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah inokulasi mikoriza (tanpa aplikasi mikoriza dan aplikasi mikoriza gabungan Glomus sp-1a dan Glomus sp-3c) dan faktor kedua berupa panjang entres (10, 15, 20 dan 25 cm). Parameter yang diamati adalah persentase keberhasilan sambungan, waktu pecah tunas, pertambahan tinggi bibit, pertambahan jumlah daun, jumlah tunas, bobot kering tunas, dan infeksi mikoriza. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan respons bibit kopi Liberika hasil grafting dengan bibit kopi Robusta bermikoriza terbaik diperoleh pada panjang entres 15 cm, sedangkan yang disambungkan dengan Robusta tidak bermikoriza diperoleh pada panjang entres 25 cm. Pertumbuhan bibit kopi Liberika hasil grafting dengan bibit kopi Robusta terbaik pada berbagai panjang entres diperoleh pada kopi Robusta bermikoriza.” The main goal of coffee grafting is to create a crop with the best characteristic of two coffee varieties in one plant. Robusta coffee is used as the rootstock, which is more resistant to constraints and unfavorable conditions in the peatland. The effort to increase rootstock resistance is inoculated by mycorrhizae and grafted with Liberica coffee as the scion. This study aimed to obtain the best scion length in order to increase the growth of Liberica coffee with Robusta coffee as the inoculated rootstock. The experiment used factorial completely randomized design with the first factor was mycorrhizae inoculation (without inoculation and inoculation of Glomus sp-1a and Glomus sp-3c combination) and the second factor was the length of scion (10, 15, 20 and 25 cm). The variables observed were the percentage of success grafted plants, shoot break time, growth (plant height, number of leave, number of shoots, and shoot dry weight) and mycorrhizae infection. The results showed that the plant inoculated by mycorrhizae and scion lenght of 15 cm gave the best percentage of the success graft, shoot break time, and growth of scion. While, the root stock without inoculation showed the best result with the scion length 25 cm. The best growth of grafted plant was obtained in all scion length with mycorrhizae inoculation.
Shallot storage is very important for the availability throughout the year. The use of mixed bio-fertilizers Mycorrhiza and Trichoderma sp. combined with reduced doses of NPK fertilizer is expected ...to increase the shelf-life of shallot bulbs. The study used a two-factorial Completely Randomized Block Design with the first factor was mycorrhizae-Trichodermasp. biofertilizer, and second factor was reduced NPK fertilizer applied during the cultivation stage. Storage research was carried out for 60 days to determine the dosage of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp., the dose of NPK fertilizer, and the combination of doses of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. and the best NPK fertilizer for shallot storage. The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. affected the volume, shelf-life, and color of shallot bulbs. Reducing the doses of NPK fertilizer affected the color of the tubers. The interaction between the application of mycorrhiza-Trichoderma sp. and reduced doses of NPK fertilizer affected weight loss, diameter, aroma, and rotten tubers damage. The best combination to reduce tuber weight loss and rotten tubers damage is by giving 15g of mycorrhiza : 15g of Trichoderma sp. and a 25% reduction in NPK fertilizer doses. The best combination to increase tuber diameter is by giving 5g mycorrhiza : 5g Trichoderma sp. and 0% reduction of NPK fertilizer doses. The best combination to increase the aroma of tubers is by giving 5g mycorrhiza : 5g Trichoderma sp. and 0% reduction of NPK fertilizer doses.ABSTRAKPenyimpanan bawang merah sangat penting untuk memenuhi ketersediaan sepanjang tahun. Penggunaan pupuk hayati campuran Mikoriza dan Trichoderma sp. yang dikombinasikan dengan pengurangan dosis pupuk NPK diharapkan mampu menambah daya simpan umbi bawang merah. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dua faktor yaitu pupuk hayati Mikoriza-Trichoderma sp., dan pengurangan pupuk NPK yang diaplikasikan ketika tahap budidaya. Penyimpanan dilakukan selama 60 hari dengan tujuan untuk menentukan pemberian dosis pupuk mikoriza-Trichoderma sp., dosis pupuk NPK, maupun kombinasinya yang terbaik untuk penyimpanan bawang merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aplikasi pupuk hayati mikoriza-Trichoderma sp. memengaruhi volume, umur simpan, dan warna umbi bawang merah. Pengurangan dosis pupuk NPK memengaruhi warna umbi. Interaksi antara aplikasi pupuk hayati mikoriza-Trichoderma sp. dan pengurangan dosis pupuk NPK memengaruhi susut bobot, diameter, aroma, dan kerusakan umbi busuk. Kombinasi terbaik untuk mengurangi susut bobot umbi dan kerusakan umbi busuk adalah pemberian 15g mikoriza : 15g Trichoderma sp. dan pengurangan 25% dosis pupuk NPK. Kombinasi terbaik untuk meningkatkan diameter umbi adalah pemberian 5g mikoriza : 5g Trichoderma sp. dan pengurangan 0% dosis pupuk NPK. Kombinasi terbaik untuk meningkatkan aroma umbi adalah pemberian 5g mikoriza : 5g Trichoderma sp. dan pengurangan 0% dosis pupuk NPK.
Growth regulators such as Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) are generally used to promote root formation of rose cuttings. However, today, within the scope of sustainable agricultural practices, research ...studies of new materials and methods alternative to synthetic chemicals in the plant production process are gaining momentum. At the beginning of such alternative applications are plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mycorrhizal fungi, which are increasingly used today, promoting plant growth. In this study, Bacillus cereus (ZE-7), Pseudomonas putida (ZE-12) rhizobacteria and mycorrhiza (6000 ppm) were applied to 12-15 cm long softwood rose cuttings. The softwood cuttings were kept in the mycorrhiza suspension for 10 seconds and in the rhizobacteria suspension for 30 minutes and then planted in the rooting medium. In the study, in order to determine the effects of applications on steel root development; rooting rate (%), callus rate (%), decay rate (%), root number (number) and root length (cm) parameters were examined. In the results of working; the highest rooting rate (19.44%), the highest callus rate (38.89%) and the highest number of roots (8.64 units) were obtained in ZE-12 treated cuttings. In particular, rhizobacteria application showed a high effect on reducing the rate of decay in steels. The lowest decay rate in the steels was obtained from the ZE-7 bacterial strain application (8.33%) compared to the control (38.89%). As a result, it was concluded that mycorrhiza and rhizobacteria applications can be applied to rose cuttings and these applications as an alternative to IBA in rooting.
Percobaan pengamatan mekanisme transfer nutrisi dari legum ke rumput yang diinokulasi FMA dilaksanakan di Rumah Plastik selama 90 hari. Percobaan ini menggunakan modifikasi metode Zhu dkk., (1999) ...dan metode Marco dan Andre (1998). Percobaan ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui: 1) Penyerapan hara nitrogen (N) dan fosfor (P) oleh akar rumput Benggala yang terinfeksi FMA, 2) Transfer nutrisi dari legum ke rumput, dengan cara membandingkan selisih kandungan nitrogen dan fosfor pada rumput Benggala yang di inokulasi FMA dengan yang tidak diinokulasi FMA dan 3) Pertumbuhan hifa pada akar tanaman rumput Benggala yang diinokulasi FMA dan menembus pembatas nilon (nylon screen).Metode percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan dua (2) faktor dan tiga (3) ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis legum (L), terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu:Tanpa Legum (l0);Sentro (l1);Kudzu (l2);Siratro (l3), sedangkan faktor kedua adalah dosis Ifapet (M) yang terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu: 0 g (m0);10g (m1);20 g (m2). Variabel yang diukur adalah: Kandungan Nitrogen (N) tajuk rumput Benggala dan Kandungan Fosfor (P) tajuk rumput Benggala. Berdasarkan penelaahan hasil percobaan mengenai ”Mekanisme Transfer Nutrisi dari Legum ke Rumput yang diinokulasi FMA (Ifapet)”dapat disimpulkan bahwa hifa yang tumbuh akibat infeksi FMA dari inokulum Ifapet meningkatkan kandungan N dan P rumput Benggala (Pannicum maximum Jacq) yang ditanam bersama legum
Organic matter has a positive effect on the uptake of nutrients in the soil. The increase in mycorrhizal activities in the soil causes an increase in the activities in the rhizosphere region. ...Vermicompost is among the most useful organic fertilizers that can be added to the soil in recent years. Soil microflora is capable of realizing the return of mineral substances. Akkız cowpea variety was used in the study: The experiment was carried out as a viol study with 3 replications according to the randomized blocks trial design. In the study, seedling development was achieved by mixing vermicompost (0, 15, 30 and 45%) with and without mycorrhiza in a soil containing 16% lime into the viols in order to develop seedlings. Sufficient minerals have been applied to the plants for their growth. Seedlings were harvested when they were 40 days old, and seedling measurement parameters and macronutrients in plant leaves were checked. As the amount of vermicompost increased, it caused an increase in the above-ground fresh and dry weights, root fresh and root dry weights of the seedlings. As the organic fertilizer mixture increased, the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium concentrations of the plant leaves increased. The addition of mycorrhiza to the rearing medium has led to different results in the investigated characteristics. Addition of increasing organic fertilizer ratios in the study, Organic fertilizer and bacteria application of cowpea cultivars were effective in increasing the development of plants in calcareous soils.
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