In this article, the authors consider several issues of the axiological interpretation of law and provides the profound analysis of the correlation between law and morality. The author also ...particularizes a number of factors that have an influence on the genesis and development of law, i.e., the historical development of society, the sociocultural factor, the socioeconomic factor and the class structure of society. In general, from the author’s point of view, studying the axiological aspects of law, will help in overcoming the crisis of legal education.
This paper investigates Borzuya, the physician’s and Hick’s viewpoints in the problem of diversity of religions and coexistence of followers of religions in a comparative method. The method is to ...compare data obtained by documentary analysis and reviewing accessible works and historic documentaries about Borzuya and works of Hick on his viewpoints in the problem of diversity of religions and pluralism. Borzuya’s common ground with Hick is in negation of exclusivism and inclusivism, thinking in contrast to unbelieving and his attention to morality as abstract of all religions, but he disagrees him in quiddity of real religion and savior religion. Results show that followers of religions can understand each other by morality and gain a coexistence.
This paper intends to analyze the evolutionary metaethical discussion that revolves around the evolutionist thesis about the origin of evaluative judgments and the possibility of there being ...objective moral values. Sharon Street (2006) presented what became known as the Darwinian dilemma for moral realism. Moral realists, represented by David Copp, did not take long to reply. I will resume this debate and offer an alternative to the dilemma and the problems brought up by both philosophers through procedural constructivism.
The authors consider the phenomenon of transformation of methodological strategies of social cognition, which in theory reflects the grounds of self-preservation and self-replication of social and ...anthropological reality. The article underlines that at present time social cognition tools are going through a renewal that is dynamic and subject to theoretical and methodological changes. The emphasis is shifting from research of the general social level toward individuality, subjectivity, spontaneity and cultural uniqueness of fractals of social existence. They observe the danger in creation of social reality, if it is not guided by organic unity of knowledge and morality. From our point of view, morality is a systemic factor of social reality, because as high as social barriers in modern world may be, universal values do exist and preserve and they are exactly the things that give human society an opportunity to survive on a global scale.
The infamous lines delivered by the three witches in the opening scene of Shakespeare’s Macbeth establish the atmosphere of the entire play, an atmosphere which may be literal or metaphorical. The ...witches prophesize the contagious air to come. They begin by confusing “fair,” possibly related to eloquence or sound, with “foul,” defined by the OED “as a disease, or person affected by disease; Loathsome. . . ‘full of gross humors’ (Johnson),” “tainted with disease,” or in another early modern definition, a pathology “of the tongue” (OED). They then place themselves in the “filthy air,” demonstrating their ability to move through a “foul” and “fair” environment both in the play and in the political landscape of Scotland, a connection suggested by the rhyming couplet. As they eventually “vanish into air,” their prophecy circulates throughout the air, its unseen force manifested through Macbeth’s ambitious actions. To read these lines ecomaterially calls attention to the miasmic air of the play. These lines encapsulate one running theme of the play: the dualism of terms signifying morality and contagious air. The play’s formal elements echo this theme of turning morality upside down as ecologically metaphorized by birds flipping in mid-flight and horses turning violent and cannibalistic after Duncan’s murder “as they would / Make war with mankind” (2.4.17-18).1
El objetivo de esta contribución es mostrar la teoría de la justicia del dominico Pedro de Ledesma (1544-1616), de forma expositiva y siguiendo paso a paso las ideas contenidas en las páginas de una ...de sus obras más importantes, la Suma Moral (Salamanca, 1598). En esta contribución se verá cómo el dominico trata el concepto de justicia y, al mismo tiempo, cómo atribuye a la acción moral la dependencia de ese concepto. Para ello se tendrán en cuenta algunos apartados de los tratados quinto, sexto, séptimo y octavo de la segunda parte de la Suma, que tratan respectivamente de la justicia, de la justicia legal, de la justicia distributiva y de la justicia conmutativa..
The law shares many of its concepts with other areas of discourse. That most of these concepts have a specific legal meaning when used inside the law is a well established linguistic fact. The law ...develops its own conceptions of concepts it shares with other disciplines. Like King Midas, who turned anything he touched into gold, the law turns its concepts into legal ones. The deep reason for the Midas quality of the law lies in the specificity of the legal practice, its methods, doctrinal standards, and institutional setting. This holds also for the one area where shared concepts have triggered one of the main controversies in legal theory: the relation of legal and moral concepts. Dworkin initially attacked Harts separation thesis with the observation that the law employs moral principles in hard cases. Positivists have struggled ever since to accommodate this observation. But if the law has a Midas quality the whole debate deflates. Even in hard cases, the law applies legal conceptions of concepts it shares with morality. These conceptions are specifically legal and not to be confounded with their moral counterparts.
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