Revision of Potamobates Champion, 1898 Floriano, Carla Fernanda Burguez; Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo; Bispo, Pitágoras da Conceição
PloS one,
03/2023, Volume:
18, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Potamobates Champion, 1898 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerridae) heretofore included 18 species distributed from southern Mexico to Peru. They display a distinct morphology, especially regarding the ...projections of abdominal segment VIII. Specific identification and delimitation are difficult, and the genus lacks a thorough revision and evaluation of inter- and intraspecific variation. Here, we revise Potamobates, redescribe and/or illustrate known species, and describe P. molanoi Floriano and Moreira, sp. nov. and Brailovskybates Floriano and Moreira, gen. nov. The new genus is erected for P. thomasi Hungerford, 1937 and is characterized by the following features: (1) abdomen elongated, longer than the mesothorax; (2) abdominal spiracles positioned at the center of the segments; (3) male abdominal segment VIII without projections; (4) male pygophore and proctiger not rotated in relation to the longitudinal axis of the body; (5) female abdominal tergum VIII subequal in length and width; (6) and posterior margin of female abdominal sternum VII not produced medially, with a pair of lateral projections.
This study reports on the morphological variations in Nothoserphus afissae (Watanabe, 1954), which are important for species identification. Neglecting these characteristics could lead to ...misidentification and an underestimation of species diversity among similar species. In this paper, I provide a redescription and updated diagnosis of N. afissae.
Species of colourful arboreal snails of the genus Amphidromus from Southeast Asia commonly exhibit high intraspecific variation in shell morphology. Although highly polymorphic Amphidromus specimens ...with different colouration have been collected at the same locality and were revealed to possess similar genital organs, there is yet no morphometric or DNA analyses of these different shell morphs. This study is the first to reveal that both striped and stripeless morphs of A. cruentatus from Laos and Vietnam belong to the same mitochondrial (COI and 16S rRNA) lineage. Although the shell colouration between the striped and stripeless morphs is markedly different, morphometric and shell outline-based analyses indicated an overall similarity in shell shape. We also revised the systematics of A. cruentatus, in which we treated similar related species, namely A. eudeli, A. fuscolabris, A. thakhekensis, A. gerberi bolovenensis, A. goldbergi, A. pengzhuoani, A. eichhorsti and A. pankowskiae as junior synonyms of A. cruentatus. Amphidromus daoae, A. anhdaoorum, A. stungtrengensis, A. yangbayensis and A. yenlinhae, which were formerly regarded as junior synonyms, are considered as species different from A. cruentatus based on shell morphology and morphometric analyses. Preliminary phylogenetic analyses also retrieved some Amphidromus species groups as distinct mitochondrial lineages.
The male genitalia of Surazomus algodoal Ruiz & Valente, 2017 are described. Since this is the first attempt to describe male genitalia in the schizomids, we propose new terminology to describe the ...sclerites of the male genital chamber in the order. We believe that the male genitalia may provide a large set of characters for taxonomic research in schizomids, as the female genitalia have proven to do. The setae and other cuticular structures were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The female of S. algodoal is described for the first time, including the genitalia, and we highlight the sexual dimorphism present in the species. We also present descriptions of: 1) microtrichia, with respect to their presence/length/distribution, 2) cuticular sensilla, glandular openings and other cuticular structures, proposing new terminology, 3) setae of the pedipalpal trochanter and tarsus. Some changes on the terminology of setae of pedipalpal tibia are also given. These advances may be useful for description in other schizomids. The pygidial glands, mostly ignored in modern papers, were assessed and commented upon.
•Branch size of Betula alnoides was significantly reduced in the mixture.•Mixtures significantly increased the frequency of small branches.•Branch distribution was less affected by mixture.•Mixture ...of B. alnoides and Erythrophleum fordii was beneficial for both species.
The quantitative and morphological characteristics of branches are key factors influencing both tree growth and wood quality. The effects of stand density and artificial pruning on branch development have been widely studied in monoculture, while branch development in mixed forests has rarely been reported. In this study, branch development of Betula alnoides, Erythrophleum fordii and Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis were evaluated in a 6-year-old mixed-species trial plantation in Yunnan Province, China, which included five treatments: monocultures of B. alnoides, E. fordii and P. kesiya var. langbianensis, and mixtures of B. alnoides with E. fordii or P. kesiya var. langbianensis. Branch quantity (number, proportion, and density), morphology (diameter, length, and angle), and distribution (height and orientation) were measured from 63 dominant or codominant trees randomly sampled in the trial plantation. The results showed that the number of live and total branches of B. alnoides in the mixture was significantly higher than those in its monoculture, and the branch density of B. alnoides in the mixture with P. kesiya var. langbianensis was also higher than those in its monoculture and the mixture with E. fordii. Mixing with B. alnoides had no significant effect on the branch quantity of P. kesiya var. langbianensis, but significantly lowered the branch quantity of E. fordii. The branch angle was not significantly affected by the mixture for these species. More small branches (branch diameter < 15 mm) were observed in the mixed plantations than in the monocultures for the three species, while significantly lower branch diameter and length were seen in the mixture than in the monoculture only for B. alnoides. Significant differences were absent in the branch distribution of B. alnoides and E. fordii among the four cardinal orientations regardless of whether they were in the monoculture or in the mixture. The variations in branch quantity and morphology along the stem were much more determined by species-specific attributes and less affected by the mixture. It was concluded that a mixture of B. alnoides and E. fordii could significantly control the branch size of B. alnoides, reduce both the branch size and branch quantity of E. fordii, and thus be beneficial for high-quality timber production.
 Because of their ability for aerial dispersal using silk and preference for open habitats, many wolf spiders are formidable colonisers. Pioneering arachnologists were already aware of the large ...and colourful wolf spiders in the Madeira archipelago, currently included in the genus Hogna Simon, 1885. The origins were investigated and species boundaries of Madeiran Hogna examined by integrating target-gene and morphological information. A multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of a thorough sampling across wolf-spider diversity suggested a single origin of Madeiran endemics, albeit with low support. Divergence time estimation traced back their origin to the late Miocene, a time of major global cooling that drove the expansion of grasslands and the associated fauna. Morphological examination of types and newly collected material revealed a new species, hereby described as H. isambertoi Crespo, sp. nov. Additionally, H. blackwalli is revalidated and three new synonymies are proposed, namely H. biscoitoi Wunderlich, 1992, junior synonym of H. insularum Kulczynski, 1899, H. schmitzi Wunderlich, 1992, junior synonym of H. maderiana (Walckenaer, 1837), and Arctosa maderana Roewer, 1960 junior synonym of H. ferox (Lucas, 1838). Species delimitation analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear markers provided additional support for morphological delineations. The species pair H. insularum and H. maderiana , however, constituted an exception: the lack of exclusive haplotypes in the examined markers, along with the discovery of intermediate forms, pointed to hybridisation between these two species as reported in other congeneric species on islands. Finally, the conservation status of the species is discussed and candidates for immediate conservation efforts are identified. Keywords: Endangered species, island radiation, Lycosinae , Macaronesia, morphological polymorphism, species delimitation
New species and record of Dodecaceria Ruta, Christine; Mundim, Davi Moreira; Freitas, Roberta ...
PloS one,
10/2023, Volume:
18, Issue:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The polychaete Family Cirratulidae is one of the most abundant and diverse groups of Annelida, although it remains poorly known worldwide. Dodecaceria Ørsted, 1843 is one of the least described ...genera of Cirratulidae. The present report is the first taxonomic study of the genus Dodecaceria for the Brazilian coast. Cirratulidae were collected at Rocas Atoll, the first Brazilian marine protected area and the only atoll in the South Atlantic Ocean. We described one new species, Dodecaceria zelinhae n. sp., and a new record of D. dibranchiata Blake & Dean, 2019, previously only known from Panama. The new species is distinguished from other Dodecaceria species by having lateral tentacles, a smooth peristomium, 3-5 pairs of branchiae, hooks from chaetiger 11 in notopodia and 9 in neuropodia. Dodecaceria dibranchiata, a Caribbean species, is here recorded for the first time in the South Atlantic Ocean.
Cahyaningsih AP, Etikawati N, Yunus A. 2022. Morphological characters variation of Indonesian accession Echinacea purpurea in response to gamma-ray irradiation. Biodiversitas 23: 5351-5359. Indonesia ...was one of the countries that introduced E. purpurea as a medicinal plant. Accessions of E. purpurea that have been successfully cultivated in Indonesia have narrow genetic diversity, lack accession variation, and have almost uniform tillers. This study was conducted to determine the effect of different doses of gamma-ray irradiation on morphological characteristics of E. purpurea accession B2P2TOOT. The experimental design was a Randomized Block Design with three replications, and six doses of gamma-ray irradiation (0, 15 Gy, 20 Gy, 25 Gy, 40 Gy, and 60 Gy) were used. The qualitative morphological data were presented descriptively; quantitative data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by a DMRT test at a 5% level with SPSS 16.0 application. The Dice similarity algorithm analyzed the similarity index, group analysis, and dendrogram construction using the UPGMA method with the NTSYS 2.02 application. Gamma-ray irradiation treatment increased the survival rate of E. purpurea plants grown in tropical lowlands. A dose of 15-60 Gy gamma irradiation did not affect the qualitative morphology of E. purpurea roots, stems, and leaves. Irradiation at doses of 40 Gy and 60 Gy resulted in flowers with more variation in color, overall flower shape, and arrangement of ray floret. Gamma irradiation significantly affected plant height, leaf length, leaf area, flower angle, and the first day of flowering. The 40 and 60 Gy doses resulted in longer leaves with wider leaf surfaces. The dendrogram revealed that E. purpurea irradiation resulted in two main groups, with doses of 40 and 60 Gy forming their groups and increasing morphological variation by 30% compared to controls.
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