The definitive book on tire mechanics is written by the acknowledged world authority on the topic and the name behind the most widely used model, Pacejka's 'Magic Formula'. This text covers ...everything you need to know about pneumatic tires and their impact on vehicle performance, including mathematic modeling and its practical application. Updated with the latest information on new and evolving tire models to ensure you can select the right model for your needs, apply it appropriately and understand its limitations.
Covering the latest developments to the author's own industry-leading model as well as the widely-used models of other pioneers in the field, the book combines theory, guidance, discussion and insight in one comprehensive reference. While the details of individual tire models are available in technical papers published by SAE, FISITA and other automotive organizations, Tire and Vehicle Dynamics remains the only reliable collection of information on the topic and the standard go-to resource for any engineer or researcher working in the area.
Control systems have come to play an important role in the performance of modern vehicles with regards to meeting goals on low emissions and low fuel consumption. To achieve these goals, modeling, ...simulation, and analysis have become standard tools for the development of control systems in the automotive industry.
In this new paperback edition of Tire and Vehicle Dynamics, theory is supported by practical and experimental evidence. Pacejka provides both basic and advanced explanations of the pneumatic tyre and ...its impact on vehicle dynamic performance. The book shows the way in which tyre models are incorporated in vehicle models and how important tyre influence is on overall vehicle behaviour. Those working in any industry involving equipment with tyres will continue to find this book both extremely relevant and useful. * Written by a world expert in tyre dynamics * Covers both basic and advanced tyre modelling and simulation, including case studies of application examples and chapter exercises * Indispensable for any engineer working in vehicle system dynamics and for any industry involving equipment with tyres
Research into the manufacture of lightweight automobiles is driven by the need to reduce fuel consumption to preserve dwindling hydrocarbon resources without compromising other attributes such as ...safety, performance, recyclability and cost. This book discusses the materials being considered for lightweight automobiles and compares their characteristics and properties. Part One discusses materials for lightweight automotive structures with chapters on advanced steels for lightweight automotive structures, aluminium alloys, magnesium alloys for lightweight powertrains and automotive structures, thermoplastics and thermoplastic matrix composites and thermoset matrix composites for lightweight automotive structures. Part Two reviews manufacturing and design of lightweight automotive structures covering topics such as manufacturing processes for light alloys, joining for lightweight vehicles, recycling and lifecycle issues and crashworthiness design for lightweight vehicles. This book is a standard reference for practicing engineers involved in the design and material selection for motor vehicle bodies and components as well as material scientists, environmental scientists, policy makers, car companies and automotive component manufacturers.
Following the best seller, Integrated Vehicle Health Management: Perspectives on an Emerging Field, the new title Integrated Vehicle Health Management: The Business Case Theory and Practice takes the ...subject to the next level. This time it addresses the commercial justification for the adoption of a new modus operandi in asset health management, and its impact on business strategy and servitization of technology. Edited by Dr. Ian Jennions, Director of the IVHM Center at Cranfield University in the U.K., the book tackles the most important questions on the transformation of business from selling a product, and deriving future income from spare part sales, to selling a service in which income is received in return for effective maintenance of the asset. The resulting service business requires a much deeper understanding of how the product is used and should be maintained, thus providing the rationale for Integrated Vehicle Health Management- IVHM. Chapter highlights include: -How to calculate the return on investment of an IVHM system -How real options can be used for decision making -How the availability of prognostic information affects maintenance -The business potential of structural health monitoring in aeronautics Integrated Vehicle Health Management: The Business Case Theory and Practice includes interviews with manufacturers and suppliers on how they are marketing one-of-a-kind services, and opening up new and sustainable revenue streams. Case studies are also introduced to demonstrate the real value of condition-based maintenance, the advantage of cost avoidance and risk mitigation for high-value assets. The objective is to provide the tools and techniques for constructing a business case while also providing some of the context in which these variables are framed. Directed at industry professionals as well as researchers and students, Integrated Vehicle Health Management: The Business Case Theory and Practice fills an important gap in this emerging body of knowledge which unites the technical and the business aspects of a paradigm shift.
Vehicle dynamics and stability have been of considerable interest for a number of years. The obvious dilemma is that people naturally desire to drive faster and faster yet expect their vehicles to be ...“infinitely” stable and safe during all normal and emergency maneuvers. For the most part, people pay little attention to the limited handling potential of their vehicles until some unusual behavior is observed that often results in accidents and even fatalities. This book presents several model-based estimation methods which involve information from current potential-integrable sensors. Improving vehicle control and stabilization is possible when vehicle dynamic variables are known. The fundamental problem is that some essential variables related to tire/road friction are difficult to measure because of technical and economical reasons. Therefore, these data must be estimated. It is against this background, that this book’s objective is to develop estimators in order to estimate the vehicle’s load transfer, the sideslip angle, and the vertical and lateral tire/road forces using a roll model. The proposed estimation processes are based on the state observer (Kalman filtering) theory and the dynamic response of a vehicle instrumented with standard sensors. These estimators are able to work in real time in normal and critical driving situations. Performances are tested using an experimental car in real driving situations. This is exactly the focus of this book, providing students, technicians and engineers from the automobile field with a theoretical basis and some practical algorithms useful for estimating vehicle dynamics in real-time during vehicle motion.
Advances in methods of gear design and the possibility of predicting the sound pressure level and life time of gearboxes and perfect instrumentation of test stands allows for the production of a new ...generation of quiet transmission units. Current literature on gearbox noise and vibration is usually focused on a particular problem such as gearbox design without a detailed description of measurement methods for noise and vibration testing. Vehicle Gearbox Noise and Vibration: Measurement, Signal Analysis, Signal Processing and Noise Reduction Measures addresses this need and comprehensively covers the sources of noise and vibration in gearboxes and describes various methods of signal processing. It also covers gearing design, precision manufacturing, measuring the gear train transmission error, noise test on testing stands and also during vehicle pass-by tests. The analysis tools for gearbox inspection are based on the frequency and time domain methods, including envelope and average toothmesh analysis. To keep the radiated noise under control, the effect of load, the gear contact ratio and the tooth surface modification on noise and vibration are illustrated by measurement examples giving an idea how to reduce transmission noise. Key features: * Covers methods of processing noise and vibration signals * Takes a practical approach to the subject and includes a case study covering how to successfully reduce transmission noise * Describes the procedure for the measurement and calculation of the angular vibrations of gears during rotation * Considers various signal processing methods including order analysis, synchronous averaging, Vold-Kalman order tracking filtration and measuring the angular vibration Vehicle Gearbox Noise and Vibration: Measurement, Signal Analysis, Signal Processing and Noise Reduction Measures is a comprehensive reference for designers of gearing systems and test engineers in the automotive industry and is also a useful source of information for graduate students in automotive and noise engineering.
In the near future, we will witness vehicles with the ability to provide drivers with several advanced safety and performance assistance features. Autonomous technology in ground vehicles will afford ...us capabilities like intersection collision warning, lane change warning, backup parking, parallel parking aids, and bus precision parking. Providing you with a practical understanding of this technology area, this innovative resource focuses on basic autonomous control and feedback for stopping and steering ground vehicles.Covering sensors, estimation, and sensor fusion to percept the vehicle motion and surrounding objects, this unique book explains the key aspects that makes autonomous vehicle behavior possible. Moreover, you find detailed examples of fusion and Kalman filtering. From maps, path planning, and obstacle avoidance scenarios...to cooperative mobility among autonomous vehicles, vehicle-to-vehicle communication, and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, this forward-looking book presents the most critical topics in the field today.
Understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted our health and safety is imperative. This study sought to examine the impact of COVID-19's stay-at-home order on daily vehicle miles travelled ...(VMT) and MVCs in Connecticut.
Using an interrupted time series design, we analysed daily VMT and MVCs stratified by crash severity and number of vehicles involved from 1 January to 30 April 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. MVC data were collected from the Connecticut Crash Data Repository; daily VMT estimates were obtained from StreetLight Insight's database. We used segmented Poisson regression models, controlling for daily temperature and daily precipitation.
The mean daily VMT significantly decreased 43% in the post stay-at-home period in 2020. While the mean daily counts of crashes decreased in 2020 after the stay-at-home order was enacted, several types of crash rates increased after accounting for the VMT reductions. Single vehicle crash rates significantly increased 2.29 times, and specifically single vehicle fatal crash rates significantly increased 4.10 times when comparing the pre-stay-at-home and post-stay-at-home periods.
Despite a decrease in the number of MVCs and VMT, the crash rate of single vehicles increased post stay-at-home order enactment in Connecticut after accounting for reductions in VMT.
How safe are autonomous vehicles? The answer is critical for determining how autonomous vehicles may shape motor vehicle safety and public health, and for developing sound policies to govern their ...deployment. One proposed way to assess safety is to test drive autonomous vehicles in real traffic, observe their performance, and make statistical comparisons to human driver performance. This approach is logical, but it is practical? In this paper, we calculate the number of miles of driving that would be needed to provide clear statistical evidence of autonomous vehicle safety. Given that current traffic fatalities and injuries are rare events compared to vehicle miles traveled, we show that fully autonomous vehicles would have to be driven hundreds of millions of miles and sometimes hundreds of billions of miles to demonstrate their reliability in terms of fatalities and injuries. Under even aggressive testing assumptions, existing fleets would take tens and sometimes hundreds of years to drive these miles—an impossible proposition if the aim is to demonstrate their performance prior to releasing them on the roads for consumer use. These findings demonstrate that developers of this technology and third-party testers cannot simply drive their way to safety. Instead, they will need to develop innovative methods of demonstrating safety and reliability. And yet, the possibility remains that it will not be possible to establish with certainty the safety of autonomous vehicles. Uncertainty will remain. Therefore, it is imperative that autonomous vehicle regulations are adaptive—designed from the outset to evolve with the technology so that society can better harness the benefits and manage the risks of these rapidly evolving and potentially transformative technologies.
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