Nowadays, a growing number of microplastics are released into the environment due to the extensive use and inappropriate management of plastic products. With the increasing body of evidence about the ...pollution and hazards of microplastics, microplastics have drawn major attention from governments and the scientific community. As a kind of emerging and persistent environmental pollutants, microplastics have recently been detected on a variety of substrates in the world. Therefore, this paper reviews the recent progress in identifying the sources of microplastics in soil, water, and atmosphere and describing the transport and fate of microplastics in the terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric ecosystems for revealing the circulation of microplastics in the ecosystem. In addition, considering the persistence of microplastics, this study elucidates the interactions of microplastics with other pollutants in the environment (i.e., organic pollutants, heavy metals) with emphasis on toxicity and accumulation, providing a novel insight into the ecological risks of microplastics in the environment. The negative impacts of microplastics on organisms and environmental health are also reviewed to reveal the environmental hazards of microplastics. The knowledge gaps and key research priorities of microplastics are identified to better understand and mitigate the environmental risks of microplastics.
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•Source, transport and fate of microplastics are comprehensively reviewed.•Interaction between microplastics and other environmental pollutants is discussed.•Environmental risks and negative impacts of microplastics are discussed.•Knowledge gaps and research priorities of microplastics are presented.
The unique properties that nanoparticles exhibit, due to their small size, are the principal reason for their numerous applications, but at the same time, this might be a massive menace to the ...environment. The number of studies that assess the possible ecotoxicity of nanomaterials has been increasing over the last decade to determine if, despite the positive aspects, they should be considered a potential health risk. To evaluate their potential toxicity, models are used in all types of organisms, from unicellular bacteria to complex animal species. In order to better understand the environmental consequences of nanotechnology, this literature review aims to describe and classify nanoparticles, evaluating their life cycle, their environmental releasing capacity and the type of impact, particularly on living beings, highlighting the need to develop more severe and detailed legislation. Due to their diversity, nanoparticles will be discussed in generic terms focusing on the impact of a great variety of them, highlighting the most interesting ones for the industry.
Fostering tourist environmentally responsible behavior is critical for sustainable destination management, pertinent to both rural and urban settings. Tourist negative impact perception and social ...responsibility awareness are identified as important factors in shaping tourist environmental behavior. However, the influencing mechanism is not yet fully understood. Taking Yuelu Mountain, a key tourism attraction in Changsha City, Hunan Province of China, as an example, this study explores the influencing mechanisms of tourist negative impact perception, the self and public dimensions of social responsibility awareness on the complying and promoting environmentally responsible behaviors. On site tourist questionnaires were collected and the structural equation model was used to empirically test the proposed theoretical framework. Results suggest that negative impact perception (NIP) has a direct and significant positive effect on public responsibility awareness (PRA). The latter demonstrates a significant positive impact on complying environmentally responsible behavior (CERB) and promoting environmentally responsible behavior (PERB). Public responsibility awareness (PRA) is found to play an important intermediary role between negative impact perception (NEP), self responsibility awareness (SRA) and environmentally responsible behavior (ERB). Accordingly, suggestions for managing and promoting tourist environmentally responsible behavior are proposed for Yuelu Mountain. Management implications are then extended to other destinations at a broader context.
Nowadays, sports sponsorship has become an important marketing method and means for enterprises to improve brand image and visibility. Previous studies focused on the positive effects of sponsorship ...on brand and consumer factors, but the performance of the sponsored team may also be an important factor for audiences to evaluate the sponsored brand and products. Moreover, the poor performance of a team may have potential negative effects, which is worth exploring in depth. This article explores how poor team performance affects sponsors negatively in the context of sports sponsorship. Through experiments, it was verified that compared with high win rate, poor performance of sponsored teams significantly reduces the brand performance of sponsors, and social identity threat plays a mediating role. In addition, compared with men, the negative impact of poor team performance on brand performance is more significant for women. This study reveals the potential negative effects of implementing sponsorship for enterprises and introduces social identity threat as a mediator to explain the impact mechanism of team performance on brand performance in sports sponsorship. It has certain enrichment and enlightenment effects on related research of sports sponsorship.
The paper proposes a model of dot-matrix approach to financial management as part of an environmental management. Presentation of all the matrices that will lead to development sourcedestination ...matrix (matrix funding integrative) constitutes a first attempt to approach the environmental financial management. The paper aims to identify sectoral interdependencies from the perspective of pollution, in terms of environmental costs and investments and the development of a mathematical model in which all links can be established and estimated statistically. The network is an integrated element of communication between interconnected elements in multiple dimensions, and networking is an adaptive response to the need for rapid development. Each node of the network is important because there is no hierarchy in the network, the emphasis being on relationships, not situations, on goals, roles played, on the nature and intensity of contacts between the elements that make up the network nodes. The specificity of the network is to ensure continuity between the micro macro and the world economic level. The negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the policies adopted to combat it, have left their mark on the environment. Network financing is done to balance the damage to the environment.
Background
Alcohol consumption is an important issue. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can affect alcohol consumption later in life. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to test the ...association between ACE and the alcohol consumption in college students.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study on college students was conducted during December 2021 and January 2022, Through the school web system, students received a standard questionnaire on alcohol consumption (AUDIT) and ACEs. The study involved 4,044 participants from three universities in Slovakia.
Result
Compared to men, the incidence of emotional abuse by a parent, physical abuse by a parent, and sexual abuse was significantly higher in women (
p
< 0.001). Furthermore, women reported greater emotional and physical neglect (p < 0.001). The incidence of a high or very high AUDIT score in college students with ACE-0, ACE-1, ACE-2, ACE-3, and ACE-4+ was 3.8, 4.7, 4.1, 6.4, and 9.3%, respectively.
Conclusion
More adverse childhood experiences were associated with increased alcohol consumption in both male and female university students. Baseline drinking was higher in male students, but increased drinking in relation to an increase in ACEs was higher in female students. These results point to gender-specific driving forces and targets for intervention.
The good quality of life, growth, nutrition and development of all living beings directly or indirectly depends upon natural surroundings. Urbanization, agriculture, industrial work and greenhouse ...effects are the leading causes of the climatic changes all over the world. These climatic changes are responsible to increase Carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature on surface of the earth every year. All components of environment i.e. air, water and soil are altering mainly due to anthropogenic activities especially with changing life styles. The objective of this mini review is to elaborate the different climate changes, their causes and effects. Generally, climate change refers to any disturbance in climate which can cause negative impacts on living organisms which include humans, plants, and animals, which will be adverse for environment. With increase in population on the earth and industrialization the environment of the world is being disturbed every day. Human is destroying natural resources continuously for his own pleasure and convenience. Due to Carbon dioxide and other dangerous gases expelling from automobiles and industries are continuously poisoning air. Factories are releasing their wastes directly in water bodies without proper treatment and making them unfit for aquatic life. Plants act as filters which trap all pollutants to make environment cool, clean and green. Increase in population multiplication without increasing the plantation would completely damage the quality of life and our society in future. Plants are natural purifier of environment. Due to increasing concentration of carbon dioxide and global warming, temperature of earth is increasing day by day which cause various disorders in environment. The purpose of this review is to highlight climate change which is mostly occurring when there is rise in temperature and CO2 concentration and its impacts on environment. This change in climate is not beneficial rather it causes the damage of an ecosystem. So, human activities are changing the environment adversely. Increasing climate changes have affected life in different aspects. It is concluded that if we don’t plan the strategies to overcome these changes, in coming few years life on the earth will not be an easy task, and situation will be out of hand.
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