This article examines the historical course of the non-commissioned officer equivalent cadres in the Turkish Army, which meet the middle and lower-level command needs of modern armies. These cadres ...started to serve within the Turkish Army since the formation of “Asâkir-i Mansûre-i Muhammediye” in 1826 and followed the example set by the paradigm armies of the period, namely French, German, and American armies. It was only in 1951 and after much influence from the American military advisors, the Turkish Army adopted the present form of the non-commissioned officer cadres. This change in Türkiye between 1826 and 1951 progressed differently than other world armies, as conditions specific to Türkiye prevailed. Within the scope of the subject, which is discussed mostly through primary sources of the period, the article examines the selection, training, employment, status, promotion processes and duties of these personnel and tries to reveal the changes within them. This study shows that the ignored/postponed or unresolved problems regarding the employment of non-commissioned officers, which are not the subject of much academic research, may lead to major problems in the intermediate and long term. The results illustrate that the subject should be studied not only from the perspective of military organisation history, but also from other academic fields such as operational military history, military education history, and military sociology.
"Cop Doc's Guide to Public Safety Complex Trauma Syndrome" is written in response to the need for an advanced, specialized guide for clinicians to operationally define, understand, and responsibly ...treat complex post-traumatic stress and grief syndromes in the context of the unique varieties of police personality styles. The book continues where Rudofossi's first book, "Working with Traumatized Police Officer Patients", left off. Theory is wed to practice and practice to effective interventions with police officer-patients. The 'how' and 'why' of a clinician's approach is made highly effective by understanding the distinct personality styles of officer-patients. Rudofossi's theoretical approach segues into difficult examples that highlight each officer-patient's eco-ethological field experience of loss in trauma, with a focus on enhancing resilience and motivation to - otherwise left disenfranchised. Thus, this original work expands the ecological-ethological existential analysis of complex PTSD into the context of personality styles, with an emphasis on resilience - without ignoring the pathological aspects of loss that often envelop officer-patient trauma syndromes.
Foreword by Dr. Allan W. Benner
Preface by Dr. Ken Doka
Acknowledgments
INTRODUCTION Engaging Public Safety Officers Suffering from Police Complex PTSD Syndromes: An Ecological-Ethological—Existential Analysis of the Five Police Personality Styles
PART I Foundations: Theory of Police and Public-Safety Complex PTSD
CHAPTER 1 Police and Public-Safety Complex PTSD (PPS-CPTSD): Toward an Integration of the Five Hubs of Loss
PART II Emerging from PPS-CPTSD: Unmasking Five Police Personalities
CHAPTER 2 A Primer on Police Personality Styles as Adaptation to Complex Trauma
CHAPTER 3 Toward Achieving an Effective Eco-Ethological–Existential Analysis with the Five Varieties of Public Safety Personality Styles
PART III Eco-Ethological–Existential Analytic Therapy on the Front Line
CHAPTER 4 Provoking Motivation through the Field of Despair in the Multiangular Polychromatic Lens of Dissociation via Eight Officer-Patients’ Odysseys
Glossary
Epilogue: Toward an Antidote to Terrorism: An Eco-Ethological– Existential Analysis
Index
Chief executive officer (CEO) narcissism is an important area of research due to the strategic implications of how this multifaceted personality trait affects CEO behavior. This article presents a ...combined meta-analytic and narrative review of CEO narcissism and makes future research recommendations. Our review and meta-analytic findings lead to the creation of a framework for CEO narcissism research focused on narcissistic CEO supply, demand, behavior, and consequences. Additionally, our review identifies five methods of measuring CEO narcissism, each with strengths and weaknesses. We find that while extant findings exhibit common themes, such findings remain mixed and potentially dependent upon methods. We recommend that future research expand beyond the strategic consequences of CEO narcissism to consider additional foci of the research framework and its moderators. Additionally, we suggest that research can benefit from moving beyond the predominant theoretical lenses of upper echelons theory and leadership theory to the lenses of the extended agency model of narcissism, the admiration-versus-rivalry perspective of narcissism, and tournament theory.
Many correctional officers who work in close proximity with inmates are at a heightened risk of experiencing feelings of psychological distress. We analyzed 501 surveys collected from correctional ...officers within the Texas Department of Criminal Justice to identify characteristics of officers who are likely to exhibit signs of depression. Our findings reveal that female officers, as well as officers who work in higher custody levels, are more likely than other officers to report higher levels of depressive symptomatology. We also found that officers who experienced high levels of self-reported job-related stress were more likely to suffer from depression. Officers with attitudes favorable to the mistreatment of inmates also reported higher levels of depression. Officers who perceived their coworkers were engaging in boundary violations were no more or less likely to exhibit signs of depression. Given these findings, we conclude that organizational and supervisory support, coupled with positive incentives and employee assistance programs, may help mitigate the risks of depression for correctional officers, thereby making these salient staff more efficient and effective in the prison workplace.
Firms have appointed a significant number of female chief marketing officers (CMOs) over the past decade. However, the question of how female CMOs differ from their male counterparts is yet to be ...explored. This research uses a multimethod approach to examine when and why female CMOs’ marketing decisions differ from those of male CMOs. In Study 1, the authors use secondary data to examine the effect of CMO gender on multiple marketing decisions and find that female CMOs make less risky decisions. Further, the authors find evidence that female CMOs’ risk-taking behavior is contingent on structural, organizational, and environmental factors (CEO gender, relative firm performance, and demand uncertainty). In Study 2, the authors employ the MarkStrat simulation, in which participants assume the role of CMO, to test the main finding from Study 1 in a controlled setting and provide evidence for the differential effect of gender on radical versus incremental new product introductions. In Study 3, the authors examine survey data to find evidence for the underlying mechanisms (overconfidence, failure avoidance orientation, and scrutiny) behind female CMOs’ lesser risk-taking behavior.
The right to lodge a complaint is to protect the public interest, the interest of the complainant himself, or the interest of another party with his consent, and at the same time it is one of the ...means of influencing the state authorities by society. The party lodging the complaint expresses critical remarks as to the functioning of the competent authorities, pointing to the negligence, improper performance of official duties, or violation of the rule of law or the interests of the complainant, which he noticed. Undertaking by probation officers in the environment of charges in the course of enforcement proceedings may be the cause of raised objections to the work of probation officers and the way in which they perform their statutory tasks. These reservations most often take the form of complaints and concern both the scope of the probation officer's activities and the manner of their implementation. The procedure for considering complaints as not constituting constitutional matter is regulated in the laws and executive acts issued on the basis of statutory authorization. This study concerns the method of examining complaints brought against the activities of probation officers by charges and other entities. Complaint proceedings are of significant importance not only for the complainant himself, but also for the probation officer against whom the complaint has been lodged. The author, in view of the different practice of examining cases in individual judicial districts, focuses on presenting the most important issues relevant to the resolution of complaints about the activities of probation officers.
Management literature offers substantial insight about many aspects of CEO-related phenomena. Whether it involves aspects of the position of CEO, personal characteristics of the CEO, or the ...environment in which the CEO operates, research about the CEO has yielded a number of important findings. Despite the proliferation of research regarding the CEO, we find that the literature as a whole is fragmented. By this, we mean that the CEO is often used as a context to test discrete theories. In this article, we contend that the fragmentation in the literature is a result of scholarship existing within theoretical fault lines and rarely venturing to incorporate theories beyond a given domain. This fragmentation results in inconsistent and inconclusive findings in the CEO-related literature. We propose an integrative framework, which we call the configurational perspective on the CEO, to help resolve this fragmentation problem. The configurational perspective on the CEO highlights three separate CEO-related research domains: the position, the person, and the environment. In taking stock of research in each of these domains, we address how they can be integrated in different configurations to help reduce the fragmented nature of the literature.
The chief marketing officer (CMO) and chief information officer (CIO) often fight for recognition and impact on strategic decision-making within the top management team - if they are included at all. ...Technological improvements have greatly increased the ability to gather customer data, which elevates the roles of the CMO and CIO while increasing their dependence on each other. The research on the relationship between senior executives outside of that with the CEO is limited; this paper fills that gap by exploring CMO/CIO cooperation. To analyze the dynamics of the CMO/CIO relationship, this research introduces a conceptual framework that captures three antecedents of cooperation: interdependence, CMO/CIO relationship structure, and CMO/CIO diversity. In cases in which dependence between the two executives is asymmetric, this paper proposes four cooperation mechanisms expected to mediate the relationship between these individual and organizational level antecedents and CMO/CIO cooperation. When the two executives cooperate, it leads to strategically aligned decision-making that increases business performance by integrating technology, data, and the customer into strategic decision-making.
Despite fundamental distinctions between the ideals of juvenile and criminal justice, little research has sought to establish the extent to which juvenile probation and parole officers' orientations ...differ from those of their adult counterparts. Further, of the few studies that have explored this area of study, none have examined the role that organizational context may play in predicting professional orientation. Thus, this study aims to fill the gap in the literature by utilizing a sample of probation and parole officers drawn from three different types of agencies: juvenile-only supervision, adultonly supervision, and combined supervision. The results show that the system within which officers work is associated with professional orientation. Distinctions, however, are not as large or consistent as would be expected from strict adherence to the traditional ideals of the juvenile justice system versus the criminal justice system. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Research Summary
We draw upon applied psychology literature to explore interagent differences in perceived risk to their equity when making strategic risk decisions. Our theory suggests behavioral ...agency's predicted negative relationship between equity risk bearing and strategic risk taking is contingent upon four personality traits. Our empirical analyses, based on personality profiles of 158 Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) of S&P 1,500 firms in manufacturing industries, indicate the relationship between executive risk bearing and strategic risk taking crosses from negative to positive for high extraversion, greater openness, and low conscientiousness. These findings demonstrate that agency based predictions of CEO risk taking in response to compensation—and board attempts at creating incentive alignment using compensation—are enhanced by integrating insights from personality trait literature.
Managerial Summary
We study the effect of CEO personality on their behavioral responses to stock option pay. Our findings reveal that CEOs that score high on extraversion or openness and low on conscientiousness are less likely to decrease their firm's strategic risk taking as the value of their stock options increases. That is, the tendency of CEOs to become more risk averse in their strategic choices as their option wealth increases (due to loss aversion) is weaker for highly extraverted and more open CEOs, but stronger for more conscientiousness CEOs. Overall, our findings suggest that board of directors need to consider personality traits of their CEOs when designing compensation packages with the intention to align incentives of CEOs with shareholder risk preferences.
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