Sagorijevanjeuroditeljstvu jest sindrom koji karakterizira iscrpljenosturoditeljstvu, ajavljasekao posljedica trajne izloženosti kronicnom roditeljskom stresu. Ovaj sindrom ocituje seuemocionalnom ...distanciranju roditelja od djeceuzgubitak zadovoljstvai ispunjenja roditeljskom ulogom, uzsumnju u sposobnostdasebude dobar roditelj. Osnovnijecilj ovog rada bio ispitati zaseban doprinos sociodemografskih varijabli (spol i dob roditelja, obrazovanje, radni statusimaterijalni status obitelji), osobnih znacajki roditelja (emocionalna (ne)stabilnost i perfekcionizam uroditeljstvu), dimenzija roditeljskoga ponašanja (roditeljska podrška, popustljivostirestriktivna kontrola) i osobnih znacajki ciljanoga djeteta (spol, dob, snageipoteškoce djeteta) objašnjenju sagorijevanjauroditeljstvu.Uistraživanju je sudjelovalo 490 roditelja (90% majki) prosjecne dobiod40 godina (M = 40,04; SD = 5,63). Rezultati hijerarhijskih regresijskih analiza pokazuju da su najznacajniji prediktori sagorijevanja u roditeljstvu osobine roditelja (izraženija emocionalna nestabilnost i perfekcionisticke brige), roditeljsko ponašanje (niska roditeljska podrška) te znacajke djeteta (mlada dob djeteta, izraženije internalizirane i eksternalizirane poteškoce djeteta). Emocionalna (ne)stabilnost roditelja jest medu osobnim varijablama roditelja najvažniji prediktor sagorijevanja roditelja u roditeljskoj ulozi. Kljucne rijeci: osobine licnosti roditelja, roditeljsko ponašanje, suvremeno roditeljstvo, sagorijevanje u roditeljstvu, snage i poteškoce djeteta Parental burnout is a syndrome characterised by exhaustion in parenting as a result of permanent exposure to chronic parental stress. This syndrome manifests in emotional distancing from one's children with loss of pleasure and fulfilment in one's parental role and doubts about the ability to be a good parent. The main goal was to examine the contribution of sociodemographic variables (gender and age of parents, education, work status and financial status of the family), personal characteristics of parents (emotional (in)stability and perfectionism in parenting), dimensions of parental behaviour (parental support, permissiveness and restrictive control) and personal characteristics of the target child (gender, age, strengths and difficulties of the child) in explaining parental burnout. A total of 490 parents (90% mothers) participated in the research, with the average age of 40 (M = 40,04; SD = 5,63). The results of HRA show that the most significant predictors of parental burnout are parental characteristics (higher emotional instability and perfectionistic concerns), parental behaviour (low parental support) and child characteristics (younger age of the child, higher level of internalised and externalised problems). The emotional (in)stability of parents is the most significant predictor of parental burnout in the parental role. Keywords: personality traits of parents, parental behaviour, modern parenting, parental burnout, child's strengths and difficulties
Child maltreatment occurs in the Black community at higher rates than any other racial group. Given the prevalence of child maltreatment risk factors in the Black community, such as being in a ...low-income family, single parent family, greater exposure to physical discipline, and less access to services and resources, it is not surprising but nonetheless concerning that Black children are at greater risk for abuse and/or neglect. Unearthing the cause and effect between the challenges faced by the Black community and the life outcomes for Black children is key to making positive changes happen. Through a feminist and womanist lens, the authors unpack the range of factors that intersect and impact the Black community that are necessary to address to effectively protect Black children. Understanding how to prevent maltreatment and promote health and wellness are essential to adequately address maltreatment so as to protect and empower Black children.
The present meta-analysis integrates research from 1,435 studies on associations of parenting dimensions and styles with externalizing symptoms in children and adolescents. Parental warmth, ...behavioral control, autonomy granting, and an authoritative parenting style showed very small to small negative concurrent and longitudinal associations with externalizing problems. In contrast, harsh control, psychological control, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful parenting were associated with higher levels of externalizing problems. The strongest associations were observed for harsh control and psychological control. Parental warmth, behavioral control, harsh control, psychological control, autonomy granting, authoritative, and permissive parenting predicted change in externalizing problems over time, with associations of externalizing problems with warmth, behavioral control, harsh control, psychological control, and authoritative parenting being bidirectional. Moderating effects of sampling, child's age, form of externalizing problems, rater of parenting and externalizing problems, quality of measures, and publication status were identified. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Praise is stated as a good performance resource that can increase the individual's sense of competence and motivate their new learning. When the literature is examined, the importance of ...communication with the child in parenting is emphasized, especially the power of the words used by the parents. Parental praise is expressed as parents' repetition of the desired behaviors in children and giving feedback that will make them feel warm and sensitive with their words and behaviors in order to indicate the satisfaction felt towards them. Studies emphasize that parental praise is an important method in child development and a method that parents use very often. It is reported that many parents prefer to use praise as a tool to build self-confidence in their child. In terms of positive discipline, it is assumed that praise creates a reward value as a result of operant conditioning and can affect behavioral acquisition in the child's development. The type of parental praise plays an important role in how children form their self-image. It is in these early relationships that children first begin to feel capable, competent, and loved. Although praise is expressed as a source of motivation when it cannot be used beneficially, it can become harmful to the child when used incorrectly or excessively. At this point, the content of the praise is important. In this study, the concept of parental praise is discussed, the content of praise, which is seen as a reference to motivation, is examined and its benefits for child development are tried to be explained. Keywords: Parenting, parental praise, child rearing Ovgu, bireyin yeterlilik duygusunu artirabilen ve yeni ogrenmelerini motive edebilen iyi bir performans kaynagi olarak belirtilmektedir. Alan yazin incelendiginde ebeveynlikte cocukla kurulan iletisimin onemi vurgulanmakta, ozellikle de anne-babalarin kullandiklari kelimelerin gucune dikkat cekilmektedir. Ebeveyn ovgusu, anne-babalarin cocuklarda istenen davranislarin tekrari ve ona karsi duyulan memnuniyeti belirtmek icin soz ve davranislariyla sicakligini ve duyarliligini hissettirecek geri bildirimler vermesi olarak ifade edilmektedir. Arastirmalar, ebeveyn ovgusunun cocuk gelisiminde onemli ve ebeveynlerin cok sik kullandigi bir yontem oldugunu vurgulamaktadir. Bircok ebeveynin, ovguyu cocukta ozguven olusturmak icin bunu bir arac olarak kullanmayi tercih ettigi bildirilmektedir. Pozitif disiplin acisindan ovgunun edimsel kosullanma sonucu bir odul degeri yaratip cocugun gelisiminde davranis kazanimini etkileyebildigi varsayilmaktadir. Ebeveyn ovgusunun turu cocuklarin oz-imgelerini nasil olusturduklari konusunda onemli bir rol oynamaktadir. Cocuklar kendilerini yetenekli, yetkin ve sevilen biri olarak hissetmeye ilk kez bu erken iliskiler icinde baslarlar. Ovgu, faydali kullanilamadiginda motivasyon kaynagi olarak ifade edilse de yanlis kullanildiginda ya da asiriya kactiginda cocuga zarar verici bir boyuta gecebilmektedir. Bu noktada, ovgunun icerigi onem tasimaktadir. Bu calismada, ebeveyn ovgusu kavrami ele alinmis, motivasyona atif olarak gorulen ovgunun icerigi incelenmis ve cocuk gelisime faydalari aciklanmaya calisilmistir. Anahtar sozcukler: Cocuk yetistirme, ebeveyn ovgusu, ebeveynlik
Cytoplasmic male sterile system in ridge gourd has been converted to cytoplasmic genetic male sterile (CGMS) system through the development of analogues of male sterile (MS) line, maintainer line and ...fertility restorer line. These lines were developed by crossing the MS mutant, regenerated through in vitro culture, with monoecious pollen parents Deepthi, Haritham, LA 101, CO 2, IC 92761 and IC 92685. All hybrids and the BC.sub.1 generation developed by crossing with the recurring pollen parents Deepthi, Haritham and LA 101 were male sterile. Male sterile BC.sub.1 plants have been advanced to BC.sub.6 generation and the parental line LA 101 was proved to be a successful maintainer line, producing male sterile progeny in successive back cross generations. Analogue of cytoplasmic male sterile line, MS LA 101, was developed through back crossing and on crossing with fertility restorer lines Arka Sumeet and LA 102, this line excelled as female parent, resulting heterotic combinations. Mitochondrial marker rpS14 and SCAR Tm-53 were identified to yield male sterility specific markers whereas SSR marker 18956 has generated the male fertility specific marker. These primers are recommended for marker assisted selection of ridge gourd, for utilizing male sterility for hybrid seed production and for developing A, B and C lines in CGMS system.
Objectives
The objective of the present meta-analysis was to integrate the available research on associations of parenting styles with self-esteem in children and adolescents.
Methods
A systematic ...search in electronic databases (PSYCINFO, ERIC, Google Scholar, and PSYNDEX) and cross referencing identified 116 studies that were included in a random-effects meta-analysis.
Results
Cross-sectional studies found small to moderate positive associations of authoritative parenting with self-esteem (
r
= 0.26; 95%-CI 0.24, 0.29) while authoritarian (
r
= −0.18; 95%-CI −0.21, −0.14) and neglectful parenting (
r
= −0.18; 95%-CI −0.23, −0.12) were related to lower self-esteem in the offspring. A very small positive association of permissive parenting with self-esteem was observed in studies that defined permissiveness by low control and high warmth rather than only by low control (
r
= 0.07; 95%-CI 0.01, 0.12). Cross-lagged analyses found evidence for child effects on change in authoritative (
r
= 0.13; 95%-CI 0.05, 0.21) and neglectful parenting (
r
= −0.28; 95%-CI −0.34, −0.22 but not on effects of parenting styles on change in self-esteem; however very few longitudinal studies were available. Few moderating effects of study characteristics were identified.
Conclusions
We conclude that correlations between parenting styles and child self-esteem cannot be interpreted as a pure effect of parenting styles and that more longitudinal research is urgently needed for testing potential bidirectional effects.
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