Mikroorganizmi su neizbježno prisutni u ječmu, sladu, sladovini, a ponekad i u gotovom pivu. Uzročnici su brojnih problema u pivarskoj industriji. Mikrobna kolonizacija ječma javlja se već u polju ...tijekom vegetacijskog perioda ječma. Mikroflora na ječmu i od njega dobivenog slada utječe na brojne aspekte kvalitete samog proizvodnog procesa u sladarama i pivovarama i na kvalitetu gotovog piva. Osim toga, prisutnost mikrobne kontaminacije na ječmu rezultira stvaranjem antimikrobnih spojeva, čija prisutnost ukazuje na stres tijekom vegetacijskog perioda uzgoja ječma uzrokovanog mikrobnom kontaminacijom. Ako prežive proces kuhanja sladovine ovi spojevi mogu imat negativne ili pozitivne učinke na daljnji proces proizvodnje i na gotovo pivo. Nadalje mikroorganizmi prisutni na ječmu mogu i sami proizvoditi antimikrobne spojeve protiv drugih mikroorganizama koji također migu utjecati i na kvasac i na sam proces proizvodnje slad i piva. U ovom radu dan je osnovni pregled utjecaja mikroflore ječma na proces slada i kvalitete slada, proizvodnju sladovine i njezinu kvalitetu, proces vrenja i utjecaja na aktivnost pivarskog kvasca te na konačni proizvod, pivo.
ALCOHOL DRINKING MOTIVATION AND HABITS OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE CITY OF DUBROVNIK Adolescent alcohol use is one of the biggest public health problems of youth worldwide. Studies conducted in the ...Republic of Croatia confirm a high prevalence of this phenomenon in high school students with the data showing that almost 92% of young people under the age of 16 have tried some of the alcoholic beverages. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of beer and spirit drinking among high school students according to gender, type of school, and beer drinking of people closely related to them. The study also explored high school students’ motivation for beer drinking and differences in motivation between genders. The study included 789 students from 2nd and 3rd grades of high schools in Dubrovnik. The results showed that 92% of students have tried alcohol at least once. A higher percentage of male students consumed beer and wine than female students, and when it came to hard liquor, female students drank an equal amount of hard liquor as male students. The students in vocational schools, particularly in three-year programs consume more alcohol than the students from grammar schools. The study showed a correlation between adolescent drinking and drinking habits of people close to them, in particular partners and close friends. The study also showed the link between adolescent drinking and parents’ beer drinking. The most common motivation for drinking beer in adolescents is having fun and relaxing from everyday worries. They drink beer when they feel happy or bored as beer drinking increases their good mood and contributes to feeling relaxed. This study results indicate the need for implementing science-based alcohol use prevention programs and programs of high school students’ mental health promotion. The importance of involving parents in prevention programs, the role of the community in promoting healthy lifestyles and organizing ways of constructive leisure and fun for young people are also emphasized. Key words: adolescents; alcoholic drinks; beer; drinking; motivation
Poveznice Vjenceslava Novaka s Češkom bile su višestruke, a najvažnija je njegovo češko porijeklo po ocu koji se iz Hradeca Králové doselio u Senj, a koje je vidljivo i u njegovom imenu koje je ...izvorno glasilo Václav, što je češki oblik imena Vjenceslav. Druga važna poveznica Novaka i Češke je činjenica da je od 1884. do 1887. studirao na Konzervatoriju u Pragu, što je očito imalo utjecaja na njegovo stvaralaštvo jer se radnja dva Novakova romana, Pavao Šegota (1888.) i Dva svijeta (1901.) djelomično odvija u Pragu. Novak u romanu Pavao Šegota prikazuje život nadarenoga seoskog mladića Pavla Šegote koji odlazi u Prag studirati prirodne znanosti te se ondje ženi Pražankom Lorom.
Time Novak u hrvatsku književnost uvodi motiv ljubavne veze između hrvatskih studenata u Pragu i domaćih djevojaka. Čest motiv romana je češko pivo koje pridonosi dobrom raspoloženju među hrvatskim studentima, ali izaziva i svađe. Novak u ovom romanu donosi i opise Praga, posebno dijelova uz rijeku Vltavu.
U romanu Dva svijeta glavni lik je Amadej Zlatanić, glazbeni genij iz maloga hrvatskog grada čiji talent otkriva mjesni glazbenik Čeh Jan Jahoda. Njegovom zaslugom Amadej odlazi na Konzervatorij u Prag. Novak time vjerojatno prvi u hrvatskoj književnosti piše o češkim glazbenicima doseljenima u Hrvatsku, a spominje i događaje u Češkoj 1848. Dokumentarno najvredniji dio romana je opis praizvedbe oratorija Stabat mater Antonína Dvořáka kojom je ravnao sam autor. Oba romana prevedena su na češki – Pavao Šegota 1925. pod naslovom Svět volá - moře čeká (Svijet zove – more čeka), a Dva svijeta 2015.
Inpatient hospital settings require access to high-quality blood specimens and durable peripheral intravenous (IV) catheters for patient care. The most common standard-of-care method for acquiring ...each blood specimen-venipuncture-often results in a non-negligible preanalytical error rate, patient discomfort, and tissue inflammation. In a 2-year, multicenter (23 hospitals) retrospective study, a novel blood collection system that collects blood specimens through existing inpatient IVs without a needle (PIVO, Velano Vascular) was compared with the current standard of care, in regards to its effect on specimen quality and IV catheter longevity. Using the PIVOTM device for blood collection decreased the rate of preanalytical errors by 56% compared with other collection methods, including venipuncture and conventional line draws. In addition, peripheral IV catheters that were used with PIVOTM for blood draws also had a 19% lower rate of replacement compared with those that did not. This is the largest study to date of PIVO use and demonstrates significant quality improvement outcomes compared with the current standard of care in blood collection, providing an opportunity to innovate inpatient hospital care.
Blood collections from peripheral intravenous catheters offer several benefits to patients, including reduced needle punctures and patient discomfort, but they risk reducing the quality of blood ...specimens analyzed by the laboratory. In an effort to balance analytical quality of test results with patient-centered care initiatives, a needle-less blood collection device called PIVO™ was evaluated at two institutions. The primary objective of this study was to assess the ability of the PIVO™ device to provide high-quality blood specimens for laboratory testing compared to current blood collection methods.
Blood specimens drawn using the PIVO™ device were prospectively flagged. A retrospective review was performed comparing the degree and rate of hemolysis for PIVO™ blood collections to both concurrent and historical hemolysis rates for other collection methods.
Approximately 7600 PIVO™ blood draws were performed across the two institutions. The hemolysis rates of samples collected with PIVO™ were evaluated using 2380 flagged collections, containing approximately 1200 test orders requiring hemolysis index measurements. The hemolysis rate of PIVO™-flagged samples (1.8%) was statistically superior to the venipuncture and central line blood collection methods (3.3%), reducing the risk of hemolysis during a venous blood draw by 39%.
PIVO™ collections facilitated improvement in the rate and degree of sample hemolysis when compared to venipuncture and central line blood collections. These findings suggest that PIVO™ is capable of delivering samples that are superior to current blood collection methods in terms of hemolysis rate as well as reducing the number of invasive venipunctures required for laboratory testing.
A set of 43 microsatellite loci was used to characterise the malting barley varieties and breeding lines used for the Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) “České pivo” (“Czech beer”) and for other ...beer types. Genotype data were compared with technological malting quality parameters. The analysis of variance showed significant differences between varieties used for the given PGI and varieties used for other beer types in six variables. Three clusters of varieties specific to the PGI and three clusters specific to malting barley genotypes for other beer types were identified using a Bayesian approach. The remaining four clusters expressed effects of parent lines. The discrimination analysis based on malting quality and molecular variables identified only one barley breeding line suitable for the PGI “České pivo”.
Beer in Health and Disease Prevention is the single comprehensive volume needed to understand beer and beer-related science. Presenting both the concerns and problems of beer consumption as well as ...the emerging evidence of benefit, this book offers a balanced view of today's findings and the potential of tomorrow's research. Just as wine in moderation has been proposed to promote health, research is showing that beer – and the ingredients in beer – can have similar impact on improving health, and in some instances preventing disease. This book addresses the impact of beer and beer ingredients on cancers, cardiovascular disease, anti-oxidant benefits, and other health related concerns. It offers a holistic view from beer brewing to the isolation of beer-related compounds. It contains self-contained chapters written by subject matter experts. This book is recommended for scientists and researchers from a variety of fields and industries from beer production to health-care professionals. * Winner of the 2009 Best Drinks and Health Book in the World - Gourmand World Cookbook Awards * The most comprehensive coverage of the broad range of topics related to the role of beer and beer ingredients in health * Addresses the impact of beer and beer ingredients on cancers, cardiovascular disease, anti-oxidant benefits, and other health related concerns * Presents a holistic view from beer brewing to the isolation of beer-related compounds * Appropriate for scientists and researchers from a variety of fields and industries from beer production to health-care professionals * Consistent organization of each chapter provides easy-access to key points and summaries * Self-contained chapters written by subject matter experts
The basic topic of this paper is the phenomenon of brand communities’ constitution as neo-tribal forms of social association. Theoretical elaboration of this phenomenon is supplemented by the case ...study of the Velebit beer brand community. This case confirms two important theoretical aspects of the brand communities’ phenomena. Firstly, objects of consumption in certain situations in modern consumer societies could be functional in community constitution. In the case of analyzed groups of Velebit beer consumers, beer as the object of consumption operated as an “additional marker” of collective identity. Secondly, brand communities are the space where “communal consumption” functions as a means of production of specific socio-cultural value that is most often expressed through the concept of brand. This type of production affirms the theory of “immaterial labour” as an important mode of production in the contemporary capitalist system. The Velebit beer case confirms that a specific version of immaterial labour can be found in the process of communal consumption as well – in this case, consumption that took place within a specific communal context.
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O plzeňské pivo je ve světě velký zájem. Příkladem může býr Saudská Arabie, kam se lahvové pivo vozí ...letadlem. Do budoucna se počítá s exportem piva v sudech.- Extended description:- Information:
Československé filmové týdeníky byly původně vysílány v kinech v letech 1945 až 1989. Od roku 1995 jsou opět vysílány v České televizi každý týden přesně po padesáti letech. Uvedené datum vysílání je datum prvního uvedení tohoto týdeníku ve vysílání České televize.
Czechoslovak Newsreels were produced and shown between 1945 and 1989. Since 1995 they have been broadcast on TV exactly 50 years after their original run in theaters. The broadcast date provided is the date of the first transmission of this news item on Czech Television.- The world is largely interested in Pilsner beer. For example, bottled beer is transported by air to Saudi Arabia. It is calculated on an export of beer in barrels in future.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
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