Due to thegrowing awareness of fossil fuel depletion and environmental issues, biodiesel alternative fuel is currently of substantial interest. This research assessed herbal industry wastes as a ...potential resource for biodiesel production for the first time. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), obtained in the transesterification reaction, were extracted from the herbal samples by ultrasound-assisted extraction and identified withgas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode. The presence of at least 20 (e.g., in chamomile and chicory) FAMEs, up to 31 in nettle and senna, was reported. The unsaturated FAMEs were found in higher amounts than saturated. Linoleic acidwas the major polyunsaturated FAME in herbal wastes, while palmitic acid was the major saturated FAME. The highest content of FAMEs was identified in rye bran, Figure tea, and chicory. According to the cetane number prediction, BS EN 14214:2012+A2:2019, and hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC)wastes from, e.g., nettle, sage, and senna, are the most suitable in biodiesel production with fuel properties acceptable by the EuropeanStandards.Principal component analysis and HCPC allowed to classify and groupsimilar plants according to their FAMEs content; however, additional studies of herbal biofuel properties are needed.
This article interrogates the localized experiences of present-day workers who identify as women in Australian postproduction sectors, including editing, visual effects (VFX), and animation, ...exploring sexism and perceptions of change in the age of #MeToo. Considering the significant numbers of women working in these sectors, and the scant research into their experiences undertaken in an Australian context, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews with ten women in various roles and in various geographical locations in Australia. This qualitative approach to data collection aims to explore inequalities that may not be captured in industry surveys, providing fine-grain details of the ways that individuals in postproduction experience sexism. The resulting data suggests that while there is continuity between the gendered experiences of these workers and that of women in industry sectors that have already been documented, there are, however, new observations about changes in workplace behavior in the sector, brought about by growing public awareness of industry discrimination and harassment and of shifts in Australian industry policy. The authors isolated recurring themes within women's gendered experiences in relation to how they perceived the impact of the gender-equity initiatives on the attitudes of their co-workers, their workplace opportunities, and their experiences as workers.
AbstractThe use of technology in Higher Education teaching is now commonplace and can have multiple benefits for learners; however, the benefits of learner-generated digital media (LGDM) are ...understudied. Using a combination of pre- and post-workshop questionnaires and student critical reflections, we evaluated the impact of an assessed week-long filmmaking unit on preparing students for life after university. Quantitative results show a boost in student confidence in the areas of academic skills, teamwork, communication, and digital capabilities. We categorise our qualitative data in six main themes: self-confidence; emotional awareness; connecting and communicating; self-regulated learning; students as researchers; and authentic learning. Our findings suggest that students independently recognise the authenticity of team-based LGDM projects, understanding how it will prepare them for life after university. We discuss the value team-based filmmaking projects can have in developing student skills and competencies (both digital and human) and relate this to recent literature on authentic assessment and technology enhanced learning.
•The effect of 1-MCP on plants exposed to exogenous ethylene was investigated.•Delayed application of 1-MCP maintained mini-Phalaenopsis quality.•Ethylene-induced senescence was reversed/stopped by ...delayed 1-MCP application.•A new delivery strategy of 1-MCP, regarding application delay, can be implemented.•Farmers and wholesalers can delay 1-MCP until a critical ethylene situation appear.
Phalaenopsis orchids are popular around the world, but sensitive to the phytohormone ethylene. Ethylene can cause flower wilting, drop of buds and flowers. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) is an ethylene receptor inhibitor and effective when applied to plants before or at the same time as exposure to ethylene. In the current study, the timing of 1-MCP postharvest treatment in relation to ethylene exposure was investigated in two different mini Phalaenopsis cultivars. The aim was to determine how long 1-MCP treatment can be delayed (postponed) after exposure to ethylene had been initiated in order to effectively avoid critical losses in plants. Phalaenopsis cultivars ‘Allen’ and ‘Venice’ were exposed to 100nLL−1 of ethylene for a week and 200nLL−1 of 1-MCP, was applied either at the same time or at time points spanning from 6 to 51h, after ethylene treatment was initiated. After 42h of ethylene exposure followed by 1-MCP treatment, ‘Allen’ and ‘Venice’ displayed 91.4%±3.8 and 28.9%±4.3 senesced flowers, respectively, but when 1-MCP was applied 24h after ethylene exposure, the percentage of senesced flowers was similar to simultaneous start of ethylene and 1-MCP exposure. Colorimetrical assessment appeared not to be a fruitful parameter to determine senescence although loss of gloss in flowers and buds toward the advance in time after ethylene exposure started was visually noted. Furthermore, percentage of water dropped to similar levels in ‘Allen’ when 1-MCP application was delayed to 42h after initiation of ethylene exposure compared to plants solely treated with ethylene and electrolyte leakage started to increase to statistically different values compared to atmospheric air treated plants after 27h of delay of 1-MCP application after ethylene exposure commenced, thus correlating to the increased senescence exhibited by this cultivar. Collectively, 24–27h of ethylene exposure followed by 1-MCP treatment showed to be the threshold time span that 1-MCP application can be delayed to stop or even reverse the negative effects of ethylene exposure.
Rejecting readings that seek to celebrate the unique, creative voice of the literary author, this essay strives to describe an element of the deep cultural logic at work in Michel Houellebecq’s ...fiction. To do so, the essay embraces and considers the appropriation, or what has been described as plagiarism, of Houellebecq’s literary style, suggesting a relationship with the structure of feeling of the contemporary information age. Taking its starting point as Houellebecq’s own former career in IT, it posits that his work can be read as both a symptom of, and a reaction to, the anxious information overload of contemporary society rather than only a continuation, or reactivation, of the realist novel. In doing so, it proposes a more comparative and conceptual approach to reading Houellebecq than perhaps the French studies community has done to date, and itself transgresses the tendency to read Houellebecq within the frame provided by the canonical, frequently nineteenth-century, French novel.
YouTube is an appropriate social network for disseminating scientific audiovisual content, and this content can help to make the position of women in science, and gender equality, more visible. The ...aim of this study is to analyse the visibility of women scientists on the YouTube channels of Spanish biosanitary research institutes accredited by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. A mixed study of the channels and communication departments of the institutions has been carried out, analysing metrics of audience impact, the type of audiovisual production and the use of YouTube in the institution. Of the 1914 videos analysed, 4% (n = 76) of the content is related to the visibility of women scientists and has little impact. The audiovisual production is basic and informative, without a dramatic narrative structure and focused on transmitting the personal experiences of women scientists. It is necessary to invest resources in institutions to improve the production and dissemination of content that makes women in the scientific field more visible, especially among students.
In this article, I investigate how Shadi Angelina Bazeghi writes about the Iran-Iraq War in her poetry collection Flowmatic (2020). Bazeghi assembles several different kinds of texts in Flowmatic, ...and one of these texts is a testimony by an Iranian soldier-engineer who worked as a programmer setting up at system to identify the bodies and body parts of fallen Iranian soldiers. Both the words of the soldier's testimony and the act of programming and data processing have found their way into the poem; as appropriated text and as the poem's overarching aesthetic mode. Using the soldier's witness account as a prism, I will look at three aspects of the poetry collection: 1) how the testimony is appropriated, 2) how Bazeghi is witnessing though appropriation, and 3) how she writes about war from a feminine point of view. I argue that Bazeghi through the evasive aesthetics and the heightened appropriation in Flowmatic challenges how women can witness and write about war.
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