Uređaji za tretiranje sjemena Poje, Tomaž
Glasnik Zaštite Bilja,
07/2023, Volume:
46., Issue:
4.
Paper, Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
U radu je opisana tehnologija dorade sjemena koja uključuje čišćenje i tretiranje sjemena. Tretiranje sjemena u Sloveniji obavljaju ovlaštena poduzeća za ovu djelatnost. Od 2018. godine u Sloveniji ...ispitne stanice pregledavaju uređaje za tretiranje sjemena. Opisan je mobilni uređaj za čišćenje sjemena i tretiranje sjemena, koja se prije svega upotrebljava za kontinuirano tretiranje lokalnog- domaćeg sjemena žitarica. Opisan je i rad šaržnog uređaja za stacionarno tretiranje sjemena proizvođača Cimbria.
The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly affected global healthcare systems. Prior epidemiological studies on different infectious diseases have shown a strong correlation between serum vitamin D levels ...and the incidence of certain infectious diseases. Vitamin D has an important immunomodulatory effect on innate immunity and exhibits several other mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the cytokine storm, which is one of the main contributing factors to fatality in COVID-19 patients.
A keyword search was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar research databases. The abstracts and/or full texts of selected papers were further evaluated. Articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review.
The 28 studies summarized in this review provide observational findings that vitamin D levels are related to the incidence, severity, and mortality rate of COVID-19 infection. The literature does not suggest that COVID-19 could be eliminated with supplementation of vitamin D, but there are implications that vitamin D deficiency might increase the risk for COVID-19 infection and severity of the disease progression.
Current literature and several guidelines support the supplementation of vitamin D as a reasonable strategy for correcting and preventing vitamin D deficiency. The recommended dose for maintaining normal 25(OH)D levels by consensus is 1000 to 2000 IU vitamin D daily for at-risk teens and adults.
Vitamin D supplementation might play an important role in protecting from acute respiratory infections like the SARS CoV2, and in high-risk individuals with COVID 19 from progressing to critical clinical condition and reducing mortality.
Patient satisfaction is an important indicator of the quality of care provided. Evaluating women's satisfaction with childbirth is essential to improving obstetric care and ensuring a positive ...experience for mothers and newborns. The tools used to measure women's satisfaction with childbirth are very heterogeneous and multidimensional. Assessment tools used in practice should be tested and meet characteristics that are consistently validated.The aim is to identify currently available instruments measuring women's satisfaction with childbirth and to evaluate their structure, content and psychometric properties.
A systematic search for sources was carried out according to the criteria set. For the included studies, psychometric properties were assessed in accordance with the principles of the guideline for completing systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures, COSMIN.
The review included 31 studies that reported the psychometric properties of six measurement instruments (questionnaires, scales). Content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, reliability and cross-cultural validity were assessed for the included studies. The Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ/CEQ2) and Birth Satisfaction Scale - Revised (BSS-R) were the most commonly used questionnaires in the studies.
Thorough testing of tools measuring women's satisfaction with childbirth, and adapting them to cultural and social contexts, is still essential. It is crucial that valid and reliable questionnaires are available for midwives in practice, for use in research, to inform clinical practice and for the results to help develop the services offered.
Abstract Introduction The research capacity of nurses has been reported to be still constrained in several countries, and not fully implemented in its potentiality due to a large number of factors. ...Despite its relevance both for clinical and public health purposes, no summary has been compiled to date regarding factors influencing the research capacity in the Italian context. Therefore, the primary aim of this review was to identify the barriers and enablers of conducting research as perceived by Italian nurses. Methods We conducted a systematic review. The following databases have been searched: ILISI ® (Indice della Letteratura Italiana di Scienze Infermieristiche) MEDLINE-via PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Ovid, Open Grey, Google Scopus, and Web of Science. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Results The studies were mainly descriptive, with two quasi-experimental. A total of seven barriers and four facilitators of conducting research among Italian nurses were identified. The constraints were poor English knowledge, technology and library availability and accessibility, understaffing and lack of time, nursing culture characteristics, lack of nursing leadership support, scarce funding availability, and the bureaucratic ethical committee process. The facilitators were nursing journal reading, expert research team support, university and hospital partnerships, and international cooperation. Conclusions Given the small number and the high heterogeneity of the emerged studies, this systematic review provides an initial framework for the constraints that prevent, and the strategies that promote, Italian nurses’ participation/conducting of research projects that could inform policies in this field.
Vitamin D (VitD) is involved in calcium and phosphate homeostasis, bone health, and normal functioning of the immune system. VitD status is monitored using serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) as a ...biomarker. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 30 nmol/L indicate VitD deficiency and below 50 nmol/L indicate insufficiency. VitD can be synthesised endogenously in human skin when exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. In the absence of sufficient UVB-light exposure, VitD intake becomes the main source of VitD, with a recommended daily intake of 20 μg. The aim of this study was to conduct a review and meta-analysis on the abovementioned topics, focusing on scientific studies in various Slovenian populations.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published scientific papers, academic theses, or conference contributions reporting serum 25(OH)D status and VitD intake across various Slovenian populations. A search was carried out using Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, and the Slovenian library database.
We identified 43 pertinent studies that addressed 25(OH)D status and 16 that addressed VitD intake. Serum 25(OH)D status was generally low across all populations, and notable seasonal variability was observed. VitD intakes were below 5 μg in all studies.
A general observation is that various population groups across Slovenia are at high risk of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, particularly during wintertime. Regarding vitamin D intake, all included studies reported daily intakes below the recommended level. We also identified key research gaps that need to be addressed to support further public health decision-making.
Cochrane aktivnosti u Hrvatskoj Puljak, Livia; Zakarija-Grković, Irena; Poklepović Peričić, Tina
Medicina fluminensis,
12/2017, Volume:
53, Issue:
4
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Ogranak Cochrane kolaboracije osnovan je u Hrvatskoj pri Medicinskom fakultetu u Splitu 2008. godine s ciljem promoviranja medicine utemeljene na dokazima i sustavnih pregleda u Hrvatskoj i regiji. ...Hrvatski Cochrane 2017. godine je postao punopravni samostalni Cochrane centar kao prvi i jedini takav centar u jugoistočnoj Europi.
Hrvatski Cochrane ima brojne aktivnosti. Svake godine organizira Hrvatski Cochrane simpozij u Splitu i provodi brojne aktivnosti edukacije zdravstvenih radnika i laika. Kroz programe popularizacije znanosti organizirane su aktivnosti za udruge pacijenata, novinare i studente novinarstva te za širu javnost. Od 2013. godine prevode se laički sažetci Cochrane sustavnih pregleda na hrvatski jezik i do danas ih je prevedeno 2500. Hrvatski Cochrane potiče uvođenje principa medicine utemeljene na dokazima u formalno obrazovanje zdravstvenih radnika.
Hrvatska Cochrane partnerska mreža uključuje profesionalna društva, državne institucije i udruge pacijenata iz Hrvatske i regije; ti partneri su se formalno pridružili Hrvatskom Cochraneu u promicanju zdravstvene skrbi utemeljene na dokazima.
Broj Cochrane autora i Cochrane publikacija iz Hrvatske kontinuirano se povećava, što pokazuje da se hrvatski istraživači počinju uključivati u svjetske trendove istraživanja u području medicine utemeljene na dokazima. Sustavni pregledi mogu se usvojiti i kao model doktorata.
U prvih deset godina od osnutka Hrvatski Cochrane u regiji je postigao zapažene rezultate u promoviranju medicine utemeljene na dokazima, što nije jednostavno s obzirom da su svi koji su angažirani oko Hrvatskog Cochranea i Cochrane aktivnosti u Hrvatskoj – volonteri. Nadamo da će se isti tempo i entuzijazam zadržati i u budućnosti.
SAŽETAK: Frizeri zbog stalnog kontakta s vodom i štetnim kemikalijama ubrajaju se u visokorizičnu skupinu za razvoj profesionalnih bolesti kože (PBK) koje se u 90 % slučajeva odnose na iritativne ili ...alergijske kontaktne dermatitise šaka i podlaktica. Razdoblje od početka izloženosti kožnim štetnostima do pojave prvih simptoma na koži veoma je kratak, prosječno 2,1 godinu, što znači da oni mogu biti prisutni već tijekom školovanja. Cilj ovog rada je procijeniti učinkovitost zdravstvenih pregleda prije upisa u srednju školu kao alata za primarnu prevenciju PKB među frizerskim učenicima.
Istraživanje je provedeno 2015. godine u strukovnoj školi u Zagrebu. Svih 128 frizerskih učenika trećih razreda pozvano je da sudjeluju u istraživanju, a odazvala se 101 učenica prosječne dobi 17 godina. Podaci su prikupljeni zdravstvenom anketom s pitanjima o načinu i sadržaju pregleda koji su učenici obavili prije upisa u školu.
Osamdeset devet (88 %) učenica navodi da su prije upisa u školu pregledane od strane liječnika: 48 (54 %) od specijaliste medicine rada, 5 (6 %) specijaliste/liječnika obiteljske medicine, 11 (12 %) specijaliste školske medicine, a 19 (21 %) učenica se ne sjeća specijaliste. Od 78 učenica koje su se prisjetile sadržaja pregleda kod 48 (62 %) pregledana je koža, a 54 (69 %) je upitano za prisutnost alergija.
Rezultati ukazuju na manjkavost u provođenju prethodnih pregleda za upis u strukovne škole. Posljedično se u školovanje propuštaju učenici s postojećim kožnim tegobama koje bi rad u rizičnim zanimanjima dodatno pogoršao ili pospješio nastanak PBK. Postoji potreba za osnaživanjem i standardizacijom sadržaja pregleda prije upisa u strukovne škole kao prve faze profesionalne orijentacije i selekcije te dugotrajnog očuvanja radne sposobnosti.
SUMMARY: Due to constant contact with water and harmful chemicals, hairdressers are at high risk of developing occupational skin diseases (OSD), which in 90% of cases are manifested as irritative or allergic contact dermatitis of hands and forearms. The period from the beginning of exposure to onset of skin symptoms is very short averaging 2.1 years, meaning that symptoms may already be present during apprenticeship. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of pre-school medical examinations as primary prevention tool for OSD among hairdressing apprentices.
This survey was conducted in 2015 at a vocational school for hairdressers in Zagreb. All 128 third-grade hairdressing apprentices were invited to participate, and 101 female apprentices with an average age of 17 responded. Data were collected using survey questions regarding the content of the medical examination that pupils underwent before enrolment in the programme. Eighty-nine (88%) apprentices stated they were examined by a physician before enrolment: 48 (54%) by an occupational medicine specialist, 5 (6%) by a general practitioner, 11 (12%) by a school medicine specialist and 19 (21%) did not remember the specialist. Out of 78 apprentices who recounted the details of the examination, 48 (62%) had their skin examined and 54 (69%) were asked if they had any allergies.
Results indicate a weakness in conducting health examinations for vocational schools. Consequently, pupils with pre-existing skin problems are allowed to choose high-risk occupations which may worsen their symptoms or facilitate development of OSD. There is a need to strengthen and standardize the content of the examinations prior to enrolment in schools as the first step in vocational guidance, choice of profession, and long-term preservation of working ability.
Redovita tjelesna aktivnost vrlo je značajna za zdravlje čovjeka, no intenzivna tjelesna aktivnost može povećati rizik od iznenadne srčane smrti u predisponiranih osoba. Ovaj problem posebno je ...značajan kod sportaša, koji imaju 2,8 puta veći rizik od iznenadne srčane smrti u usporedbi s populacijom koja se ne bavi sportom. Iznenadnu srčanu smrt mogu uzrokovati brojne genetičke i stečene bolesti koje je u velikoj mjeri moguće dijagnosticirati preventivnim pregledima
sportaša. Iako su uzroci brojni, ventrikularna tahiaritmija najčešći je zajednički patološki mehanizam koji narušava funkciju srca, što potvrđuje važnost opremanja sportskih dvorana uređajima za vanjsku defibrilaciju. Većina sportaša nema nikakve simptome koji bi nas upozorili na skrivenu bolest srca, zbog čega mnoga stručna društva snažno podržavaju uvođenje preventivnih pregleda sportaša kao strategije za rano otkrivanje “tihih” srčanih bolesti, iako se ne slažu
oko opsega tog pregleda. Uspješnost talijanskog programa preventivnih pregleda potvrđena je smanjenjem smrtnosti sportaša za čak 90 % nakon uvođenja redovitih preventivnih pregleda sportaša, koji su uključivali elektrokardiogram. Hrvatska već dugi niz godina ima infrastrukturu I stručno educiran kadar, u vidu specijalista medicine rada i sporta te specijalista sportske medicine, za uspješno provođenje preventivnih pregleda sportaša po uzoru na talijanski model. Stoga je cilj ovoga teksta podizanje svijesti o problemu iznenadne srčane smrti koji je u velikoj mjeri moguće spriječiti uspostavljanjem kvalitetnih zakonskih okvira te uvažavanjem stručnih smjernica Hrvatskog društva za sportsku medicinu.
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