There is converging evidence that high doses of hallucinogenic drugs can produce significant alterations of self-experience, described as the dissolution of the sense of self and the loss of ...boundaries between self and world. This article discusses the relevance of this phenomenon, known as "drug-induced ego dissolution (DIED)", for cognitive neuroscience, psychology and philosophy of mind. Data from self-report questionnaires suggest that three neuropharmacological classes of drugs can induce ego dissolution: classical psychedelics, dissociative anesthetics and agonists of the kappa opioid receptor (KOR). While these substances act on different neurotransmitter receptors, they all produce strong subjective effects that can be compared to the symptoms of acute psychosis, including ego dissolution. It has been suggested that neuroimaging of DIED can indirectly shed light on the neural correlates of the self. While this line of inquiry is promising, its results must be interpreted with caution. First, neural correlates of ego dissolution might reveal the necessary neurophysiological conditions for the maintenance of the sense of self, but it is more doubtful that this method can reveal its minimally sufficient conditions. Second, it is necessary to define the relevant notion of self at play in the phenomenon of DIED. This article suggests that DIED consists in the disruption of subpersonal processes underlying the "minimal" or "embodied" self, i.e., the basic experience of being a self rooted in multimodal integration of self-related stimuli. This hypothesis is consistent with Bayesian models of phenomenal selfhood, according to which the subjective structure of conscious experience ultimately results from the optimization of predictions in perception and action. Finally, it is argued that DIED is also of particular interest for philosophy of mind. On the one hand, it challenges theories according to which consciousness always involves self-awareness. On the other hand, it suggests that ordinary conscious experience might involve a minimal kind of self-awareness rooted in multisensory processing, which is what appears to fade away during DIED.
Size perception of visual objects is highly context dependent. Here we report a novel perceptual size illusion that the self-face, being a unique and distinctive self-referential stimulus, can ...enlarge its perceived size. By using a size discrimination paradigm, we found that the self-face was perceived as significantly larger than the other-face of the same size. This size overestimation effect was not due to the familiarity of the self-face, since it could be still observed when the self-face was directly compared with a famous face. More crucially, such illusion effect could be extended to a new cartoon face that was transiently associated with one's own face and could also exert further contextual influences on visual size perception of other objects. These findings together highlight the role of self-awareness in visual size perception and point to a special mechanism of size perception tuned to self-referential information.
Pesantren which generally focuses in good attitude and develops insight is hoped being a place of building santris self. By the unique sign, in globalization era, Pesantren is right place to build ...the character of Islamic generation. This research has goal to know self-awareness and the steps applying in building santris character of Rayon K. H. Ahmad Basyir AS. Research method used is field study research with qualitative approaching. The research result is that building santris character of Rayon K. H. Ahmad Basyir AS is to apply concrete steps in order to grow self-awareness, such as persuasive approaching to santri who has problem, and make programs that supports the thing to grow self-confidence, self-responsibility, and honesty.
Emotional Intelligence in Science Yang, Yunhan; Zhang, Chenwei; Ding, Ying
Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology,
October 2023, 2023-10-00, Volume:
60, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
ABSTRACT
This is the first on‐going project presenting a four‐dimension metric to identify scholars' emotional intelligence (EI), which has yet to receive much attention. Current study proposes a ...data‐driven metric rather than a subjective survey to reflect EI's first dimension, self‐awareness. By employing paired‐T‐tests on the DBLP dataset, we found that highly self‐aware scholars are more likely to strive to improve with higher stability, leading to higher productivity and impact. Meanwhile, they have a more significant number of higher diverse collaborators. This research highlights the importance of one's self‐awareness to his/her scientific performance.
Introduction: In Indonesia, CKD is among the top 10 most prevalent diseases, with the prevalence increasing sharply from 2013 to 2018. Therefore, prevention should focus on reducing risk factors for ...people who have not yet suffered from CKD. Based on the above, researchers are interested in examining the relationship between knowledge and community self-awareness of CKD risk factors in Bali.
Methods: This study used descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional approach. The population in the study was all Balinese people, with a sample size of 209 respondents who met the inclusion criteria. The research was conducted by means of an online survey consisting of demographic data, Self-Awareness Questionnaire and CKD Knowledge Questionnaire through Google Forms. The collected data were analyzed with univariate and bivariate analyses.
Results: Most of the respondents were from adolescence to early adulthood (17–35 years old)—as many as 78.2%, dominated by women (64.8%). Judging from the level of knowledge, more than half of the respondents fell into the sufficient category, namely 67%. While the level of community self-awareness tends to be high, with a result of 45%, Thus, there was a significant relationship between knowledge and self-awareness of the Balinese community towards CKD risk factors (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Balinese people have a good level of knowledge and awareness of CKD risk factors. However, preventive measures are still needed to prevent an increase in these cases. It is hoped that health services would continue to provide information.
Genetic counseling graduate programs provide a rigorous curriculum comprised of coursework encompassing counseling and medical genetics, fieldwork, and research experience. Students face similar ...emotional and mental demands as practicing genetic counselors while also experiencing stressors commonly associated with graduate study. Increased self‐awareness may help combat these stressors. This mixed‐methods study surveyed 154 genetic counseling graduate students to determine the types of self‐awareness practices they would like to have included in their graduate training and surveyed 11 program faculty regarding the feasibility of implementing these practices. The students' most preferred practices were self‐reflection (n = 73, 47.4%), support from peers, colleagues, and/or supervisors (n = 71, 46.1%), and mental health counseling (n = 71, 46.1%). Analysis of responses to open‐ended questions capturing students' recommendations for programs yielded six recurrent themes: (1) Consistent, Structured Practice with Accountability, (2) Emphasis on Mental Health, (3) Practical Techniques, (4) Access to Resources, (5) Encouragement and Support, and (6) Barriers to Implementation. Many students suggested that programs should incorporate repetitive exercises that could be implemented on a schedule with an emphasis on consistency (Theme 1). Students also emphasized the importance of providing exposure to multiple examples of self‐awareness practices, so they could find an approach that was most beneficial on an individual basis (Theme 3). These findings were shared with program faculty via a presentation at the Association for Genetic Counseling Program Directors annual meeting, and attendees were subsequently surveyed regarding self‐awareness practices currently integrated into their curriculum, as well as the feasibility and likelihood of integrating new practices. Program faculty respondents indicated that most of the recommended practices were included in their curriculum already or would be feasible and likely to incorporate. These results provide insight into the attitudes of genetic counseling students toward structured practice in self‐awareness and how genetic counseling graduate programs might integrate such practices into the curriculum.
Mental representations with bodily contents or in various bodily formats have been suggested to play a pivotal role in social cognition, including empathy. However, there is a lack of systematic ...studies investigating, in the same sample of participants and using an individual differences approach, whether and to what extent the sensorimotor, perceptual, and interoceptive representations of the body could fulfill an explanatory role in the empathic abilities. To address this goal, we carried out two studies in which healthy adults were given measures of interoceptive sensibility (IS), action (aBR), and nonaction-oriented body representations (NaBR), and afective, cognitive, and motor empathy. A higher tendency to be self-focused on interoceptive signals predicted higher afective, cognitive, and motor empathy levels. A better performance in tasks probing aBR and NaBR predicted, respectively, higher motor and cognitive empathy levels. These fndings support the view that the various facets of the empathic response are diferently grounded in the body since they diversely involve representations with a diferent bodily format. Individual diferences in the focus on one's internal body state representation can directly modulate all the components of the empathic experience. Instead, a body representation used interpersonally to represent both one's own body and others' bodies, in particular in its spatial specifcity, could be necessary to accurately understand other people's minds (cognitive empathy), while a sensorimotor body representation used to represent both one's own body and others' bodies actions, could be fundamental for the self-awareness of feelings expressed in actions (motor empathy).
There is growing concern that a global economic system fueled predominately by financial incentives may not maximize human flourishing and social welfare externalities. If so, this presents a ...challenge of how to get economic actors to adopt a more virtuous motivational mindset. Relying on historical, psychological, and philosophical research, we show how such a mindset can be instilled. First, we demonstrate that historically, financial self-interest has never in fact been the only guiding motive behind free markets, but that markets themselves are representations of our individual and collective moral identities. Building on this understanding, we review the research on how economic incentives crowd out virtueoriented concerns. We then introduce the concept of moral self-awareness (MSA), an evolving mindset informed by reflection on moral identity, namely what one's actions say about oneself given the impacts (positive or negative) on others or society that one's action may effect. MSA comprises three fundamental aspects of virtue-oriented reasoning: pride, shame, and guilt. Finally, we offer a fourstage model anchored in systems theory, yielding ever more refined motivating strategies for maximizing human flourishing and social welfare externalities.
Previous research has identified a critical role of executive function and memory in self-awareness, a metacognitive capacity often impaired in acquired brain injury. Through this observational ...study, we aimed to explore the effect of cognitive rehabilitation on the predictive value of these variables, as also whether any of them can predict the level of self-awareness once the cognitive rehabilitation is completed. 69 patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment, including self-awareness, at admission to and discharge from a cognitive rehabilitation process. Regression analysis was performed at these two moments and a third one was conducted to evaluate whether any of the variables at admission predicted the level of self-awareness at discharge. Verbal fluency was found to be the best predictor of self-awareness, both at admission and discharge. In addition, inhibition and cognitive flexibility, as well as episodic memory, appeared as significant predictors of post-rehabilitation self-awareness. Finally, verbal fluency was revealed as the unique pre-rehabilitation predictor of subsequent level of self-awareness following rehabilitation. While post-acute self-awareness is predicted by non-specific executive measures, the cognitive improvement putatively induced by neuropsychological rehabilitation reveals the contribution of more specific executive and memory functions. Importantly, pre-rehabilitation verbal fluency scores predicted the level of self-awareness after cognitive rehabilitation.
This study investigated whether experiential and video feedback on performance of prospective memory (PM) tasks embedded within a board game activity improved self-awareness of PM function in adults ...with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury. An observational pre-post study design with 26 participants from a larger trial of a 6-session PM rehabilitation programme. Sessions 3 and 4 included a board game activity with embedded time-, event-, and activity-based PM tasks. Verbal feedback was provided by therapists during the game and video feedback afterwards. Self-ratings of performance were used to divide the sample into under-estimators (n = 7), accurate estimators (n = 9) and over-estimators (n = 10) of actual PM performance. The discrepancy between self- and therapist ratings of PM performance was measured before and after the game, and following video feedback, and compared between timepoints using non-parametric statistics. Post-task self-evaluations were more accurate than pre-task self-evaluations for the under- and over-estimator groups. Under-estimators showed significant improvement in accuracy of ratings for activity-based PM. Over-estimators showed improvement for event-based PM. Further improvements after video feedback were not significant. The board game activity provided a vehicle for experiential feedback and a means of engaging both those with impaired self-awareness and heightened self-awareness of PM in cognitive rehabilitation.
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