The purpose of this article is to identify and analyze the ideas currently available in world science and practice among foreign researchers on the Social Credit System (SCS). The article analyzes ...the basic principles of SCS, which allowed us to draw the following conclusions: the social credit system for China is very close to ours mentally and historically, it fits well with the management paradigm based on the principles of Confucianism and Taoism, its main task is to promote the formation of citizens’ behavior based on openness, following rituals.
The main conclusions are made, such as the fact that this system allows you to put into practice the principle of the golden mean, that the application of SCS will contribute to the formation of citizens’ behavior on the basis of openness, following rituals and the desire for peace of mind. The formation of the population’s habit of living in the context of SCS, as the authors believe, will help to increase the sincerity of life. An analysis of the materials of foreign researchers was carried out in the article, which gave reason to conclude that the social credit system, launched in China, so far scares the rest of the world. In this regard, the article discusses the five main fears associated with SCS, as well as the five advantages of introducing this system, draws conclusions, and develops recommendations.
Digital technologies used to identify, profile, and supervise are often hailed as the serendipitous results of inevitable progress, while the long-term consequences of their application remain beyond ...the attention of lawyers and politicians. This article tries to close this gap by exploring and discussing probable effects of the application of such technologies for the present model of statehood and legal order. It examines the hypothesis that the ubiquitous digitalisation of governance and the increasing attention to individuals’ reputation in the provision of public services are related to the attempt of contemporary corporate elites to perpetuate their power and resolve the problem of building a new, post-capitalist social order. The article argues that the expansion of social control through digital technologies can lead to a gradual loss of constitutional subjectivity and political power by people.
•The social credit system construction can significantly promote the resource allocation efficiency.•This effect is more pronounced in enterprises without political connections.•This effect is more ...pronounced in private enterprises.
The social credit system plays a positive role in promoting the flow of social resources and enhancing economic efficiency. This paper treats the implementation of the tax credit rating system as an external shock event in the social credit system construction, designing a quasi-natural experiment to empirically test the impact of the social credit system construction on corporate debt dilemmas. The research finds that the construction of the social credit system can effectively alleviate the debt predicaments of enterprises. Further heterogeneity tests indicate that our findings are more pronounced in private enterprises and those without political connections.
Using random samples, we conducted three studies to explore the relationships among interpersonal mentalizing in predicting future sharing economy service usage. The primary focus of this research ...was to examine Uber passengers' theory of mind in a broader theoretical base of human abilities. The results confirm the dimensions of interpersonal mentalizing such as their experience with the sharing economy service and their current star ratings from the Uber driver. In addition, this study confirms that the dimensions of interpersonal mentalizing are dependent on the situation and the ratings they received from the Uber driver. In extreme rating situations (1‐star rating), interpersonal dimensions did not have an effect on their negative beliefs about the two‐way evaluation system. However, with moderate (3‐star) and high ratings (4.75 and above star rating), the interpersonal dimensions such as nonverbal cues and the ability to shape behaviors and interactions serve as determinants of Uber passengers' belief in the evaluation system, which then leads to their future usage of the sharing economy services. In sum, these findings shed light on the complementary role of the autonomous abilities of Uber passengers to improve their star ratings, which then leads to their future usage of sharing economy services.
Although China’s social credit system (SCS) is widely portrayed by Western media as repressive surveillance, recent studies show that it receives high levels of support among Chinese citizens. ...Previous research suggests that people support the SCS because they lack knowledge about the system. This study further examines the roles of media framing (Western vs Chinese framing) and monitored behaviors (financial vs social behaviors). The results from a survey experiment conducted in China (N = 1600) demonstrate that when exposed to Western framing, public support for the SCS is lower, but only when participants are informed that the SCS monitors social behavior. By contrast, when people are told that the SCS focuses on financial behavior, Western framing exposure is not associated with low levels of public support. The findings suggest that an expansion to social domains and exposure to Western media framing will likely result in decreased support for the system.
Cooperative Credit Banks (CCBs) play a significant role in fostering social sustainability through lending decisions. In particular, CCBs are interested in supporting socially conscious cooperatives, ...provided that the credit scoring process classifies them as "credit-worthy". However, existing literature overlooks how cooperatives' balance sheet equilibriums, driven by their social mission rather than profit maximization, impact credit scoring. To bridge this gap, this paper examines the influence of cooperatives’ unique balance sheet equilibriums on credit scoring. Specifically, it investigates the potential risk of sub-optimal creditworthiness assessment when CCBs use a "one-size-fits-all" model for cooperatives and non-cooperatives alike. The findings demonstrate that "tailor-made" credit scoring models for cooperatives and non-cooperatives outperform a generic one, enhancing credit classification specificity and sensitivity. These models allow for more effective credit allocation, resulting in improved economic outcomes.
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•The balance sheet equilibriums of cooperatives have an impact on credit scoring.•Generic credit scoring leads to sub-optimal assessment of cooperatives.•Specific credit scoring models improve accuracy and lead to better economic outcomes.
Institution system is an important part of modern social governance. Government, market and social relations within the system, as well as the corresponding institutional arrangements, can be said to ...be the top priority. Corporate social responsibility is an outstanding case that embodies the relationship and institutional arrangement of the three in practice.
Government regulation of social credit system is a good example to analysis it. The research on government regulation of social credit system itself is put forward from the perspective of government, so in the field of government regulation of social credit system, should enterprises play a role? Especially in the era of big data, a large number of data are provided by private enterprises. Without these data, it is difficult to complete the construction of big data system. If enterprises should play their role, what’s the contribution of the government? Academic and industrial circles have been expressing their own opinions on these issues.
Therefore, this paper attempts to build a game model among government, enterprise and society to solve the following problems: how to solve the relationship problem among government, enterprise and society? How to build the corresponding system? What’s the corresponding government regulation of China’s social credit system go from the perspective of business ethics?
Through the game model analysis, the author finds that shareholders can reduce the threat of CEO replacement and collude with the management staff members to make the cake (including the interests of stakeholders) smaller. But on the basis of the loss of stakeholders’ rights and interests, shareholders’ wealth is increasing, which also explains why more and more senior executives are trying to form collusion with stakeholders in the campaign against antitakeover and loose audit system. Shareholders’ rights and interests and stakeholders’ rights and interests present a seesaw phenomenon. The response of the stakeholders and shareholders to a better corporate governance model is consistent. That is to say, the increase of shareholders’ income is not necessarily based on the loss of stakeholders. The game model also shows that the protection of formal laws and regulations is the main factor to increase the benefits of stakeholders. Through the case of the social credit system, we will conclude that the formal laws and regulations cannot fully ensure the increase of stakeholders’ income, but also need to strengthen the transformation of institutional advantages into governance advantages, and strengthen the law enforcement. It will finally promote the further improvement of social credit system.
•A robust social credit system fosters social trust.•China's Social Credit System (CSCS) promotes entrepreneurial activities.•The CSCS's impact soars in regions with weak laws, low marketization, and ...poor economic conditions.•Bank credit, talent attraction, and rent-seeking affect entrepreneurship.
This study examines the impact of China's Social Credit System (CSCS) pilot policy on entrepreneurship on a panel of 2,256 city-year observations across 282 cities from 2012 to 2019. We find that the social credit system promotes entrepreneurship, with the effect being more pronounced in regions characterized by weaker legal environments, lower levels of marketization, and poorer economic conditions. The underlying mechanisms facilitating this impact encompass improved access to bank credit, increased talent attraction, and diminished regional corruption. Our study enriches the existing literature on the relationship between social credit and entrepreneurship and provides policy insights for promoting regional entrepreneurial endeavors.
The rise of cybernetic citizenship Reijers, Wessel; Orgad, Liav; de Filippi, Primavera
Citizenship studies,
02/17/2023, Volume:
27, Issue:
Latest Articles
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The global COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates how states and companies mobilise new sociotechnical systems to track, trace, evaluate, and modulate the behaviour of citizens. This development illustrates ...an already-existing transformation of citizenship governance, which this article captures as the move to ‘cybernetic citizenship’. First, the article explores the concept of cybernetic citizenship, providing an overview of the concepts of ‘cybernetic’ and ‘citizenship’ and synthesising these in a discussion of the cybernetic modulation of citizenship. Second, it presents the rise of cybernetic citizenship in the urban realm, zooming in on the case of the Chinese social credit system and the way it affects civic life in the urban realm. Third, it turns into the normative implications of cybernetic citizenship, arguing that it confronts the idea of citizens as equal, free, and vigilant. It challenges equality by turning rights into ends, freedom by turning status into process, and civic virtue by turning excellence into effectiveness.
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