Given that ecological models of development highlight the interacting influences of multiple environments, further research is needed that explores ethnic‐racial socialization from multiple contexts. ...The current study explores how families, schools, neighborhoods, and the Internet jointly impact academic outcomes, critical consciousness, and psychological well‐being in adolescents, both through socialization messages and experiences with racial discrimination. The research questions were: (a) What profiles of multiple contexts of socialization exist? and (b) How are the different profiles associated with academic outcomes, critical consciousness, and psychological well‐being? The sample consisted of 1,084 U.S. adolescents aged 13–17 (M = 14.99, SD = 1.37; 49% girls) from four ethnic‐racial groups: 25.6% Asian American, 26.3% Black/African American, 25.3% Latinx, and 22.9% White. The participants completed online surveys of socialization and discrimination from four contexts and three types of outcomes: academic outcomes, critical consciousness, and well‐being. A latent profile analysis revealed three profiles: Average, High Discrimination, and Positive School. The Positive School class had the most positive academic outcomes and well‐being. The High Discrimination class reported the highest critical consciousness. Their academic outcomes and well‐being were similar to the Average group. The findings support complexity in perceptions of socialization from different contexts and the associations of socialization with youth outcomes.
Parental ethnic-racial socialization practices help shape the development of a strong ethnic-racial identity in children of color, which in turn contributes positively to mental health, social, and ...academic outcomes. Although there is a wide body of literature on the relationship between these meta-constructs, this research has not been systematically examined to either (a) determine the degree to which associations between parental ethnic-racial socialization approaches and ethnic-racial identity dimensions hold actual practical significance for parents of color or (b) estimate how these associations vary as a function of theorized mitigating factors. In response, this meta-analytic study investigated the strength of the association between parental ethnic-racial socialization practices and the construction of ethnic-racial identity, as well as factors that moderated the strength and direction of this association. Findings revealed that across 68 studies, there was a significant and substantive relationship between the global constructs of ethnic-racial socialization practices and ethnic-racial identity. Most individual practices of ethnic-racial socialization were positively associated with global ethnic-racial identity, and the strongest relationship was with pride and heritage socialization. Parental ethnic-racial socialization was also positively associated with all ethnic-racial identity dimensions tested except for public regard, with which it was negatively associated. Developmental findings showed that although ethnic-racial socialization positively predicted identity at every level of schooling, the strongest relationship was at the high school level. Finally, the association between ethnic-racial socialization and ethnic-racial identity was positive for African Americans, Latinxs, and Asian Americans alike, but the strongest relationship was among Latinxs. Implications for parenting practices and future research are discussed.
Public Significance Statement
This first of its kind meta-analysis reveals a moderate effect of parental ethnic-racial socialization on the ethnic-racial identity of children of color. These effects vary by types of parental socialization practices, dimensions of ethnic-racial identity, children's age of schooling, and ethnic-racial groups.
At present, with the social, scientific and technical development, there are causes that distinguish the health sector in relation to the dialectics between theory and practice. In consonance with ...the Cuban context, the Ministry of Public Health in this decade has accomplished transformations guaranteeing the efficient use of resources: reorganization, compression and regionalization of health services, that together with the advanced medical technology and the medical assistance-teaching-university extension and research integration constitute fortresses to implement a System of Quality Management in this sector, resulting determinant the application, updating, and socialization of the contents of Standardization, Metrology and Quality. Then, a training strategy is designed to favor the socialization of these contents in educational processes of the School of Health Technology in Habana.
Ce papier explore le lien existant entre les ressources politiques d’entreprise et son efficience. Nos résultats montrent que la mise en valeur du mode de gouvernance clanique permet aux entreprises ...de survivre face à la crise, en mobilisant grâce à leurs connections politiques les subventions nécessaires. En fait, ce mode de gouvernance hybride correspond à un mécanisme d’extraction de rente, qu’on retrouve dans les économies avec un marché imparfait (pays en transition).
Socialization is an ongoing and ever-changing process. Whenever someone assumes or departs from a position, socialization processes come into play. This holds true when individuals take on ...organizational roles, and socialization persists through changes in personnel, products, services, norms, and values. By perceiving organizational socialization as a continuous process, we gain an analytical tool that allows us to examine organizational issues and challenges based on the extent of socialization that has occurred. This article thoroughly explores the intricate facets of professional socialization, analyzing its importance, essential elements, and its influence on both military personnel and organizational culture. With the goal of enhancing the understanding of this concept, it seeks to contribute to the existing knowledge on military professionalism and the dynamics within organizations.
Ethnic-racial socialization describes messages and practices that teach youth about their racial and/or ethnic group membership and the role of race in society. Despite a wealth of research on ...families, little work has considered school socialization practices. The current article uses a framework of school racial socialization to explore six socialization messages reported in a predominantly Black public charter school in an urban area. In focus group and individual interviews, 21 African American students (71% female) discussed what they learned about race and culture at school. Responses revealed a high frequency of cultural socialization and promotion of cultural competence messages, but the content was limited to certain key figures and events. The findings illustrate the complexity of youths’ perceptions of socialization and the need for multicultural education in schools.
Despite increasing empirical research documenting the association between parental ethnic-racial socialization and youth of color's psychosocial well-being, evidence on the extent to which ...ethnic-racial socialization practices are linked to youth outcomes and potential variation in these relations remains equivocal. In the current study, a meta-analysis of 102 studies with 803 effect sizes and 27,221 participants reveals that overall ethnic-racial socialization was positively, albeit modestly, associated with self-perceptions, interpersonal relationship quality, and internalizing behavior. Ethnic-racial socialization's overall association with externalizing behavior was nonsignificant. Moreover, ethnic-racial socialization's connection to psychosocial outcomes varied by the subtype that parents used, the developmental stage and race/ethnicity of the target child, and the reporter of ethnic-racial socialization. In particular, cultural socialization was positively associated with self-perceptions and interpersonal relationship quality and negatively associated with externalizing behaviors. In addition, ethnic-racial socialization's positive association with self-perceptions was strongest in early adolescence and among African American youth. These findings underscore the complexity of parental ethnic-racial socialization practices and the need for a nuanced perspective on it. Implications for parenting practices and future research are discussed.
PDF
