This graduate-level textbook is the first pedagogical synthesis of the field of topological insulators and superconductors, one of the most exciting areas of research in condensed matter physics. ...Presenting the latest developments, while providing all the calculations necessary for a self-contained and complete description of the discipline, it is ideal for graduate students and researchers preparing to work in this area, and it will be an essential reference both within and outside the classroom.
The book begins with simple concepts such as Berry phases, Dirac fermions, Hall conductance and its link to topology, and the Hofstadter problem of lattice electrons in a magnetic field. It moves on to explain topological phases of matter such as Chern insulators, two- and three-dimensional topological insulators, and Majorana p-wave wires. Additionally, the book covers zero modes on vortices in topological superconductors, time-reversal topological superconductors, and topological responses/field theory and topological indices. The book also analyzes recent topics in condensed matter theory and concludes by surveying active subfields of research such as insulators with point-group symmetries and the stability of topological semimetals. Problems at the end of each chapter offer opportunities to test knowledge and engage with frontier research issues.Topological Insulators and Topological Superconductorswill provide graduate students and researchers with the physical understanding and mathematical tools needed to embark on research in this rapidly evolving field.
In this work, we demonstrate photocurable PEDOT:PSS:PEGDA biomaterial as a promising candidate for intracorporeal 3D printing. Intracorporeal 3D printing offers a less invasive method which offer ...flexibility to tailor the form factor of printed structures. Previous work has demonstrated the feasibility of a robotic probe to 3D-print biological tissues intracorporeally via a minor incision. This same probe could also 3D-print implantable antennas as long as a suitable conductive material is identified in terms of conductivity, biocompatibility, and ability to cure at room/body temperature for safety purposes. We assess the frequency-dependent conductivity of this biomaterial and explore the Radio-Frequency (RF) performance of resulting antennas operating in free-space and inside tissue-emulating phantoms. Results show that PEDOT:PSS biomaterial with 21% and 30% PEGDA content exhibit a conductivity of ~104 S/m up to 5 GHz, suitable for wireless implants. Comparing the two, 21% PEGDA content exhibits poorer curing abilities, while 30% PEGDA exhibits slightly lower conductivity. Measurements for 2.4 GHz free-space dipoles conducted in an anechoic chamber reveal only ~0.8 dB and ~1 dB lower gain for PEDOT:PSS:21%PEGDA and PEDOT:PSS:30%PEGDA biomaterial, respectively, as compared to their copper counterpart. For a 5 mm-deep implanted patch antenna, these two biomaterials exhibit 3.05 dB and 3.84 dB higher transmission loss than copper, respectively. If deemed necessary, this performance degradation can be overcome by increasing the overall antenna size since the printing process is now minimally invasive and miniaturization requirements can be relaxed.
Con un enfoque didáctico y coloquial, este libro presenta el fascinante universo de la física del estado sólido a lectores que deseen explorarlo de una manera intuitiva y conceptual. Va dirigido ...principalmente a estudiantes de grado y postgrado de ingenierías y carreras científicas y, en general, a todos aquellos que necesiten acercarse por primera vez a este campo. El libro se divide en cuatro partes. La primera parte trata sobre el origen de los sólidos, las estructuras en las cuales estos cristalizan y las técnicas de difracción que posibilitan el estudio de esas estructuras. La segunda parte explica la dinámica de los átomos en los sólidos, que da lugar a las ondas de sonido en materiales. La tercera parte está dedicada a las propiedades térmicas de los materiales, focalizando en el calor específico. La cuarta parte se enfoca en las propiedades electrónicas de metales, aislantes y semiconductores poniendo énfasis en el análisis de estructuras de bandas e introduciendo las propiedades ópticas de los materiales. Se incluye un capítulo que integra y entrelaza los conceptos claves en el estudio de los sólidos. Y para cerrar, en el último capítulo se hace un recorrido imaginario y lúdico que permite relacionar lo aprendido con situaciones de la vida cotidiana. Los pilares que definen el libro son: presentación e integración de conceptos mediante un relato claro y accesible; ejercicios y preguntas conceptuales para que el estudiante pueda autoevaluarse; e ilustraciones que permiten comprender los temas desde una perspectiva visual. La Ciencia de Materiales actual se nutre de un enfoque interdisciplinario que exige que el conocimiento de la física del estado sólido pueda ser abordado desde diversas ramas de la ciencia y la ingeniería. Este libro, con un estilo coloquial y ameno, busca que este conocimiento pueda ser parte de ese aprendizaje.
We present the revM06-L functional, which we designed by optimizing against a larger database than had been used for Minnesota 2006 local functional (M06-L) and by using smoothness restraints. The ...optimization strategy reduced the number of parameters from 34 to 31 because we removed some large terms that increased the required size of the quadrature grid and the number of self-consistent-field iterations. The mean unsigned error (MUE) of revM06-L on 422 chemical energies is 3.07 kcal/mol, which is improved from 3.57 kcal/mol calculated by M06-L. The MUE of revM06-L for the chemical reaction barrier height database (BH76) is 1.98 kcal/mol, which is improved by more than a factor of 2 with respect to the M06-L functional. The revM06-L functional gives the best result among local functionals tested for the noncovalent interaction database (NC51), with an MUE of only 0.36 kcal/mol, and the MUE of revM06-L for the solid-state lattice constant database (LC17) is half that for M06-L. The revM06-L functional also yields smoother potential curves, and it predicts more-accurate results than M06-L for seven out of eight diversified test sets not used for parameterization. We conclude that the revM06-L functional is well suited for a broad range of applications in chemistry and condensed-matter physics.
There has been an enormous infusion of new ideas in the field of solar cells over the last 15 years. Discourse on energy transfer has gotten much richer, and nanostructures and nanomaterials have ...revolutionized the possibilities for new technological developments. However, solar energy cannot become ubiquitous in the world's power markets unless it can become economically competitive with legacy generation methods such as fossil fuels. This book points the way toward greater efficiency and cheaper production by adding coverage of cutting-edge topics in plasmonics, multi-exciton generation processes, nanostructures and nanomaterials such as quantum dots. The book's new structure improves readability by shifting many detailed equations to appendices, and balances the First Edition's semiconductor coverage with an emphasis on thin-films. Further, it now demonstrates physical principles with simulations in the well-known AMPS computer code developed by the author.
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