This research program explored how the positivity of people's memories of their past personal attributes is influenced by their desire to cope with negative mood states. The studies tested the ...hypothesis that beliefs and motives regarding the stability of personality will determine whether people idealize or derogate their earlier attributes in an attempt to repair distressing feelings. When knowledge structures or motives implying personal change are activated, people should derogate their past selves in response to negative moods; in contrast, when these factors imply personal stability, people should idealize their past selves in response to negative moods. Studies 1-3, which assessed the impact of mood negativity (neutral vs. negative) and theories (or motives) regarding personal change (change vs. stability) on the positivity of people's memories of their past attributes, supported this reasoning. Study 4 extended these findings by examining how an underlying mediating variable-mood-repair motivation-guides the effect of negative moods on recall of past selves. Implications of the results for research on temporal comparison, mood-congruent recall, and posttraumatic growth are discussed.
Humanistic Cognitive Behavioral Theory (HCBT) is an emerging theory based on providing a value-added component to traditional reciprocal determinism. In this paper, HCBT is described and explained as ...a concept and as a teaching component for introductory psychology. In addition, the results of a study in which HCBT was presented as a component of a course are detailed. The results of this study demonstrate HCBT to be an approach which aids in student understanding the content typicallytaught in introductory psychology classes (specifically personality). This article briefly describes the HCBT model as a valueadded approach incorporating courage in the learning environment.
This article describes an exploration of the distinction between typological and factorial latent variables in the domain of personality theory. Traditionally, many personality variables have been ...considered to be factorial in nature, even though there are examples of typological constructs dating back to Hippocrates. Recently, some reconceptualizations of typological constructs have emerged due, in part, to the availability of more rigorous methodological tools for identification of types (or nominal latent traits). These tools include multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) and latent class analysis (LCA). Two studies, involving application of these methods, are discussed in this article. The first study uses data collected using a questionnaire based on the five-factor model (FFM) of personality. The second study is based on data collected to investigate the relationships between technology use and literacy skills. The findings of both studies indicate that, while a clear preference for a factorial or a typological model may exist in the literature, a choice between the two merely based on statistical criteria may not be as clear-cut. Moreover, typological and factorial models of individual difference may coexist in certain domains of individual differences research. The article closes with a series of recommendations for future research to better understand the nature of psychological variables.
O texto traz o conteúdo de uma aula sobre Teorias da Personalidade com foco nos fundamentos da Psicologia Analítica do psicólogo e psiquiatra suíço Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961), cuja obra vem ...apresentando significativas contribuições para a Psicologia Educacional, Organizacional e Clínica. The text brings the content of a lesson on Theories of Personality focused in the fundamentals of the Analytical Psychology of the Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961), whose work has been presenting significant contributions for Educational, Organizational and Clinical Psychology.
In this paper the author will discuss aspects of organisational culture, management and leadership roles, individual and group dynamics, feminist ethics and Trait Theories of Personality in order to ...assist in the psychological profiling of an offender in order to provide an effective crisis negotiation strategy.
O texto apresenta os princípios da Teoria dos Tipos Psicológicos, a mais conhecida face da Psicologia Analítica do psicólogo e psiquiatra suíço Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961), bem como os fundamentos ...do Inventário de Personalidade “Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)”, constituído a partir da tipologia junguiana, e que vem sendo cada vez mais utilizado nos campos da Psicologia Educacional, Organizacional e Clínica. The text presents the principles of the Theory of Psychological Types, the most known face of the Analytical Psychology of the Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961), as well as the fundamentals of the Inventory of Personality “Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)”, constituted from the Jungian typology, and which has been more used nowadays by Educational, Organizational and Clinical Psychology.
For around 50 years after the Second World War, the trend toward the nuclear family became pervasive in Japan. It seems that this trend, along with the disintegration of local communities, forms the ...substructure of various psychosocial problems. The explosive emergence of recent adolescent psychosocial problems is especially a critical issue where fundamental solutions can hardly be found through a mere one-to-one clinical psychological approach to individual clients. Thus, further systematic measures to work on the issue are necessary. From the standpoint of "educational community psychology". I will examine innovative methods for "remedying" families, communities, and schools, all of which have become dysfunctional, and I will examine ways to reinstate cooperation between these groups.
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