Athletes often use social media to help build their personal brand, communicate with stakeholders, and promote endorsements. Research suggests that athletes who elicit greater engagement on social ...media are more valuable to endorse brands than those who simply have a large number of followers. From a regulatory perspective, it is important for athlete endorsers to disclose the commercial nature of sponsored posts. Therefore, based on social influence theory (SIT), the purpose of this study was to examine Olympic athletes' follower engagement on social media with a focus on brand mentions and disclosures of the relationships. Utilizing a content analysis of 190 US Olympic athletes' tweets during the 2018 PyeongChang Games, findings revealed statistically significant differences in follower engagement based on the athlete's gender. Non-brand-related posts received statistically significant greater engagement than brand-related posts, and only 12.90% of the posts that mentioned a brand disclosed a brand relationship. Implications and future research also are discussed.
TWITTERING THE NEWS Hermida, Alfred
Journalism practice,
08/2010, Volume:
4, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
This paper examines new para-journalism forms such as micro-blogging as "awareness systems" that provide journalists with more complex ways of understanding and reporting on the subtleties of public ...communication. Traditional journalism defines fact as information and quotes from official sources, which have been identified as forming the vast majority of news and information content. This model of news is in flux, however, as new social media technologies such as Twitter facilitate the instant, online dissemination of short fragments of information from a variety of official and unofficial sources. This paper draws from computer science literature to suggest that these broad, asynchronous, lightweight and always-on systems are enabling citizens to maintain a mental model of news and events around them, giving rise to awareness systems that the paper describes as ambient journalism. The emergence of ambient journalism brought about by the use of these new digital delivery systems and evolving communications protocols raises significant research questions for journalism scholars and professionals. This research offers an initial exploration of the impact of awareness systems on journalism norms and practices. It suggests that one of the future directions for journalism may be to develop approaches and systems that help the public negotiate and regulate the flow of awareness information, facilitating the collection and transmission of news.
Recognizing both literal and figurative meanings is crucial to understanding users’ opinions on various topics or events in social media. Detecting the sarcastic posts on social media has received ...much attention recently, particularly because sarcastic comments in the form of tweets often include positive words that represent negative or undesirable characteristics. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was used to understand the application of different machine learning algorithms for sarcasm detection in Twitter. Extensive database searching led to the inclusion of 31 studies classified into two groups: Adapted Machine Learning Algorithms (AMLA) and Customized Machine Learning Algorithms (CMLA). The review results revealed that Support Vector Machine (SVM) was the best and the most commonly used AMLA for sarcasm detection in Twitter. In addition, combining Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and SVM was found to offer a high prediction accuracy. Moreover, our result showed that using lexical, pragmatic, frequency, and part-of-speech tagging can contribute to the performance of SVM, whereas both lexical and personal features can enhance the performance of CNN-SVM. This work also addressed the main challenges faced by prior scholars when predicting sarcastic tweets. Such knowledge can be useful for future researchers or machine learning developers to consider the major issues of classifying sarcastic posts in social media.
•The study investigates how corporate social responsibility messages on Twitter impacts corporate reputation.•For this investigation two group of CEOs, Fortune CEOs and social influencer CEOs tweets ...were analysed.•Social influencer CEOs had posted 5.97 times more CSR messages on Twitter as compared to fortune CEOs.•Social influencer CEOs are extensively using Twitter for engaging which in turn is leading to building corporate reputation.
Social media had been extensively used for communication and networking purposes among corporates. Literature indicates social media platforms had also been used by the firms for building relationship with different stakeholders (i.e. customers, employees, investors and neighbouring communities). But there exists a gap in literature, whether social capital present on social media can be used for building corporate reputation (CR) in the society. Literature indicates corporate social responsibility (CSR) impacts CR. Therefore this study explores how CSR messages on social media impacts CR. For this study assumption was made that all the concerns and issues raised by Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are the social responsibilities of the CEOs. The study tries to explore this gap by analysing the tweets posted by two group of CEOs, i.e. CEOs in top 200 fortune companies and top 100 social influencer CEOs. Top 100 social influencer CEOs on social media were identified from the Hootsuite.com. Social influencer CEOs are having tremendous amount of influence on Twitter. The statistically test performed on the two group of the CEOs depicts there is significant difference in the number of CSR messages posted by fortune CEOs and social influencer CEOs. Results reveals social influencer CEOs had posted 5.97 times more CSR messages on Twitter as compared to fortune CEOs, which in turn may had led to better CR, in terms of shares and likes by social capital present on Twitter. The study reveals may be social influencer CEOs through CSR messages are trying to engage stakeholders strategically on Twitter. This is an open question at present, therefore future researchers can explore this in more details. The managerial implication of the study for CEOs and firms had been highlighted in the study.
•We examined climate change frames on Twitter from the US, UK, Canada, and Australia.•The US, particularly “red states” use hoax frames that doubt the scientific evidence.•The US, particularly “red ...states” prefer “global warming” to “climate change.”.•“Global warming” is particularly associated with hoax frames.
Environmental communication researchers have focused on the role of media frames in the formation of public opinion. Yet, little is known about how citizens incorporate such frames into everyday conversations. We address this issue by examining the stream of Twitter conversations about climate change over two years. We demonstrate that hoax frames that question the reality of climate change prevail in the US, particularly in “red states” compared to the UK, Canada, and Australia or “blue states” in the US. We also investigate the use of terms, “global warming” and “climate change.” We find that red states prefer “global warming” to “climate change” compared to blue states and “global warming” is particularly associated with hoax frames.
Understanding social media logic van Dijck, Jose; Poell, Thomas
Media and communication (Lisboa),
07/2013, Volume:
1, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Over the past decade, social media platforms have penetrated deeply into the mechanics of everyday life, affecting people's informal interactions, as well as institutional structures and professional ...routines. Far from being neutral platforms for everyone, social media have changed the conditions and rules of social interaction. In this article, we examine the intricate dynamic between social media platforms, mass media, users, and social institutions by calling attention to social media logic--the norms, strategies, mechanisms, and economies--underpinning its dynamics. This logic will be considered in light of what has been identified as mass media logic, which has helped spread the media's powerful discourse outside its institutional boundaries. Theorizing social media logic, we identify four grounding principles--programmability, popularity, connectivity, and datafication--and argue that these principles become increasingly entangled with mass media logic. The logic of social media, rooted in these grounding principles and strategies, is gradually invading all areas of public life. Besides print news and broadcasting, it also affects law and order, social activism, politics, and so forth. Therefore, its sustaining logic and widespread dissemination deserve to be scrutinized in detail in order to better understand its impact in various domains. Concentrating on the tactics and strategies at work in social media logic, we reassess the constellation of power relationships in which social practices unfold, raising questions such as: How does social media logic modify or enhance existing mass media logic? And how is this new media logic exported beyond the boundaries of (social or mass) media proper? The underlying principles, tactics, and strategies may be relatively simple to identify, but it is much harder to map the complex connections between platforms that distribute this logic: users that employ them, technologies that drive them, economic structures that scaffold them, and institutional bodies that incorporate them.
The association between the dissemination of scientific articles on Twitter and online visibility (including Altmetric score) is still controversial and the impact on citation rates has never been ...addressed for cardiovascular medicine journals.
The ESC Journals Study randomized 696 papers published in the ESC Journals family (March 2018-May 2019) for promotion on Twitter or to a control arm (with no active tweeting from ESC channels) and aimed to assess if Twitter promotion was associated with an increase in citation rate (primary endpoint) and Altmetric score. This is a preliminary analysis of 536 articles (77% of total) published until December 2018 (therefore, papers published at least 6 months before collecting citation and Altmetrics data). In the analysis of the primary endpoint, Twitter promotion of articles was associated with a 1.43 (95% confidence interval 1.29-1.58) higher rate of citations, and this effect was independent of the type of article. Both Altmetric score and number of users tweeting were positively associated with the number of citations in both arms, with evidence of a stronger association (interaction) in the Twitter arm.
Therefore, a social media strategy of Twitter promotion for cardiovascular medicine papers seems to be associated with increased online visibility and higher number of citations. The final analysis will include 696 papers and 2-year scientific citation rate and is estimated to be concluded in March 2021.
Objective:
A growing body of research has established that specific elements of suicide-related news reporting can be associated with increased or decreased subsequent suicide rates. This has not ...been systematically investigated for social media. The aim of this study was to identify associations between specific social media content and suicide deaths.
Methods:
Suicide-related tweets (n = 787) geolocated to Toronto, Canada and originating from the highest level influencers over a 1-year period (July 2015 to June 2016) were coded for general, putatively harmful and putatively protective content. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine whether tweet characteristics were associated with increases or decreases in suicide deaths in Toronto in the 7 days after posting, compared with a 7-day control window.
Results:
Elements independently associated with increased subsequent suicide counts were tweets about the suicide of a local newspaper reporter (OR = 5.27, 95% CI = 1.27, 21.99), ‘other’ social causes of suicide (e.g. cultural, relational, legal problems; OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.17, 4.86), advocacy efforts (OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.48, 3.70) and suicide death (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.07, 2.15). Elements most strongly independently associated with decreased subsequent suicides were tweets about murder suicides (OR = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.002, 0.17) and suicide in first responders (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.52).
Conclusions:
These findings largely comport with the theory of suicide contagion and associations observed with traditional news media. They specifically suggest that tweets describing suicide deaths and/or sensationalized news stories may be harmful while those that present suicide as undesirable, tragic and/or preventable may be helpful. These results suggest that social media is both an important exposure and potential avenue for intervention.
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