Future nurses should possess the knowledge and competences necessary to ensure patient safety. However, little evidence is available on the way in which students learn patient safety-related ...principles over time. This study explored the progress of a cohort of Italian undergraduate nursing students as they acquired patient safety knowledge and competences from time of enrolment to graduation.
A longitudinal study carried out between 2015 and 2018 enrolled a cohort of 90 nursing students from two Italian Bachelor of Nursing Science Degree Courses at the Udine University, Italy. The students were followed-up on an annual basis and data collection was performed three times: at the end of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd years. The validated Italian version of the Professional Education in Patient Safety Survey tool was used to collect data.
At the end of the 1st year, students reported an average 4.19 out of 5 patient safety knowledge acquired in classrooms (CI 95%, 4.11-4.28), which was stable at the end of the 2nd (4.16; CI 95%, 4.06-4.26) and 3rd years (4.26; CI 95%, 4.16-4.32) and no statistical differences emerged over the years. With regard to the competences acquired in clinical settings, at the end of the 1st year the students reported an average 4.28 out of 5 (CI 95%, 4.20-4.37), which decreased significantly at the end of the 2nd year (4.15; CI 95%, 4.07-4.23; p=0.02) and increased at the end of the 3rd year (4.37; CI 95%, 4.27-4.47; p<0.01).
Nursing students' competences in patient safety issues increases over time, while their knowledge remains stable. Students are more vulnerable at the end of the 1st year, when they seem to be overconfident about patient-safety issues.
Tema prispevka so potovalne navade mladih v Sloveniji v zadnjih tridesetih letih in poskus pojasnitve razlogov za njihove popolnoma spremenjene potovalne vzorce. V prispevku se osredotočamo na ...potovalne navade osnovnošolcev, ki so posebna skupina udeležencev v prometu in uporabnikov mestnega prostora. Primerjamo podatke iz let 1991, 2001 in 2016 o potovalnih navadah osnovnošolcev, lastništvu osebnih avtomobilov, lokacijah osnovnih šol in velikosti šolskih okolišev ter prometni ureditvi v okolici osnovnih šol. V prispevku ugotavljamo, da rezultati v Sloveniji sovpadajo z ugotovitvami iz tujine. Velike spremembe v potovalnih vzorcih otrok časovno sovpadajo z intenzivno motorizacijo slovenskih mest, ki je dosegla večje razsežnosti kot v marsikateri razvitejši državi. Povečano lastništvo avtomobilov se kaže v njihovi povečani rabi. Aktivnosti, ki trenutno potekajo na šolah na področju urejanja prometa, ne prispevajo k ustavitvi tega trenda. Potrebna bo sprememba v paradigmi prometne varnosti. Ukvarjanje z mobilnostjo otrok mora postati del celostnega prometnega načrtovanja, ki si mora prizadevati za zmanjšanje in umirjanje osebnega motornega prometa v okolici šol z vzpostavljanjem razmer, ki niso prijazne uporabi osebnih motornih vozil in spodbujajo varno rabo aktivnih alternativ.
The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) is among the most frequently cited tools for measuring safety culture in healthcare settings. Its ambulatory version was used in this study. The aim was to ...assess safety culture in out-of-hours (OOH) family medicine service and its variation across job positions, regions, and respondents' demographic characteristic.
A cross-sectional observational study was carried out targeting 358 health professionals working in the 29 largest Croatian healthcare centres providing out-of-hours family medicine service. The response rate was 51.7% (185 questionnaires). The questionnaire comprised 62 Likert items with 5 responses (fully disagree to fully agree). Scores of negatively worded items were reversed before analysis. Scores on the total scale and subscales were calculated as additive scores. The study included demographic data on gender, age, working experience, and job position. Repeated measurement analysis of variance was used to assess variation of Safety Attitudes Questionnaire - Ambulatory Version (SAQ-AV) sub-scales.
Nurses assessed safety culture higher than did physicians and residents. Teamwork climate had higher scores than Ambulatory process of care and Organizational climate. Stress recognition and Perceptions of workload had the lowest overall scores. Variation across gender, age, working experience, and region was not statistically significant.
SAQ-AV can be used to identify areas for improvement in patient safety at OOH GPs. There is a need to improve staffing and support for OOH GP residents. Further research is needed in order to gain better understanding of factors influencing observed variations among job positions.
Paradigma sodobne energetske varnosti Prebilič, Vladimir; Juvan, Jelena
Dela (Univerza v Ljubljani. Oddelek za geografijo),
12/2014
41
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Nove, netradicionalne grožnje varnosti, ki so vse bolj kompleksne in indirektne, so postale velik izziv vsem nacionalnim varnostnim sistemom. Med njimi je tudi vprašanje energetske varnosti. ...Naraščajoča energetska poraba na eni strani, primanjkovanje resursov za proizvodnjo energije na drugi strani, vodijo v t.i. energetsko odvisnost. Oskrba z energijo je nuja za normalno gospodarsko proizvodnjo in rast, je pomembna za dobrobit narodov ter ima velik vpliv na mnoga druga področja nacionalne varnosti, kot so varnost preskrbe s hrano in pitno vodo, okoljska varnost in trajnostni razvoj.
Ograjene skupnosti oziroma stanovanjske soseske z omejenim dostopom so po svetu vse bolj razširjene. Raziskava se osredotoča na ograjeni skupnosti v Dijarbakirju, enem od največjih mest na jugovzhodu ...Turčije. V njej avtorja preučujeta stopnjo zadovoljstva in preference prebivalcev teh skupnosti. Ugotovitve kažejo visoko stopnjo zadovoljstva med stanovalci in razkrivajo, da se ljudje za življenje v teh skupnostih v glavnem odločajo zaradi varnosti in prestiža. Rezultati poleg tega kažejo, da se dolgoletni prebivalci OS bojijo živeti zunaj tovrstnih sosesk, kar se izraža v strahu pred selitvijo.
Welchen Beitrag kann das Recht auf Nahrung zur Überwindung der globalen Ernährungskrise leisten? Statt das Ziel einer hungerfreien Welt als Utopie abzutun, werden Menschenrechtsklagen als wirksame ...Instrumente beschrieben, um Diskurse über Ursachen von Nahrungsunsicherheit anzuregen und die Ergreifung notwendiger Anti-Hunger-Programme zu beschleunigen. Aufbauend auf der nationalen und internationalen Rechtsprechung zum „right to food“ werden drei Zugangsrechte entwickelt: das Recht auf soziale Fürsorge, das Recht auf ein ausreichendes Einkommen und das Recht auf Selbstversorgung. Angesichts globaler Gefährdungslagen, die sich etwa in abrupt schwankenden Weltagrarpreisen sowie dem Klimawandel offenbaren, wird zudem eine transnationale Schutzdimension begründet. Die Bedeutung grenzüberschreitender Menschenrechtsdiskurse wird exemplarisch anhand von zwei Fallstudien zum Agrardumping und zur Förderung von Biokraftstoffen verdeutlicht.
Troubled Waterslooks at four dynamics in the Persian Gulf that have contributed to making the region one of the most volatile and tension-filled spots in the world. Mehran Kamrava identifies the four ...dynamics as: the neglect of human dimensions of security, the inherent instability involved in reliance on the United States and the exclusion of Iraq and Iran, the international and security policies pursued by inside and outside actors, and a suite of overlapping security dilemmas. These four factors combine and interact to generate long-term volatility and ongoing tensions within the Persian Gulf.
Through insights from Kamrava's interviews with Gulf elites into policy decisions, the consequences of security dilemmas, the priorities of local players, and the neglect of identity and religion,Troubled Watersexamines the root causes of conflicts and crises that are currently unfolding in the region. As Kamrava demonstrates, each state in the region, including Saudi Arabia, Iran, and Qatar, has embarked on vigorous security-producing efforts as part of foreign policy, flooding the area with more munitions-thereby increasing insecurity and causing more mistrust in a part of the world that needs no more tension.
"This book presents the theory and practice of impact assessment tailored to new border control technologies that are increasingly employed at state borders with the aim of facilitating border ...checks. Experience has shown that their use often comes into conflict with societal values such as the respect for fundamental rights to privacy and personal data protection. As a result, there is a growing need to accommodate two requirements, the first being the deployment of new border control technologies and the second being the respect for relevant societal values. This book introduces a tool that seeks to accommodate both requirements: impact assessment. Impact assessment is an evaluation technique used to analyse the potential future consequences of a given measure for societal values. The main objective of the assessment process is to support informed decision-making about whether or not, and under what conditions, to deploy a given measure. Border Control and New Technologies. Addressing Integrated Impact Assessment is addressed predominantly to border control authorities in the European Union and in the Schengen Area who wish to ensure that new technologies for controlling state borders respect the principles of democracy, the rule of law and human rights. The book will be of interest also for border control officials elsewhere in the world as well as for anyone dealing with the theory and practice of impact assessment."
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