Kiddie Junction is a unique set-up of day care, playschool and evening classes. * The organization was started in 2011 by women entrepreneur Chetna Satija who thought of providing the facility of day ...care, play group and evening classes. The aim of the organization was not only profit maximization but also to give something more to the society by women empowerment, education and make a difference in the society. With her efforts in the right direction, the organization started with 6 kids in the year 2011 which rose to 30 kids in the next year, and now after 7 years, the organization has almost 100 kids. Quite satisfied with the growth of her organization, Chetna was in dilemma whether to start her own branches catering to different areas of Indore or start giving franchisee and other option such as shifting to bigger premises and increase the number of kids admitted in the school.
Background: Informal women entrepreneurs in the rural villages of North-West strive to progress from poverty to prosperity. There is a growing appreciation that the conditions that support women’s ...ability to start and grow ventures may be different from those that help men and therefore there is a need to examine the motivational factors affecting women’s enterprise development. Aim: The study aimed to identify the motivational factors of women in the Mahikeng area to start informal enterprises, the barriers they experience and their developmental business needs. Setting: The study focussed on informal women entrepreneurs in the rural villages of Mahikeng in the North-West province. Methods: In total, 80 face-to-face questionnaires were completed with women entrepreneurs. A principal component analysis of 15 items of the total questionnaire was performed on the data to determine which items could be reduced and transformed into new components. Results: ‘Destitute conditions’, ‘Entrepreneurial Spirit’ and ‘Passion for Product’ emerged as the three underlying motivational factors. The component ‘Destitute conditions’ was ranked as the most important reason for starting an informal business. The need to transcend impoverished conditions (a push factor) and the need for self-determination (a pull factor) were almost equally strong amongst the 80 participants. ‘Lack of financial and business skills’ was ranked as the biggest obstacle to keeping the business running. Ninety-one per cent of the women entrepreneurs reported that they had never received any training from the government or the private sector. Conclusions: Access to basic infrastructure, training, funding and business networks will enable self-efficacy behaviour of women entrepreneurs in the Mahikeng district to move beyond poverty. Recommendations included the establishment of a regional database of informal women entrepreneurs, the improvement of basic facilities and infrastructure and access to microloans as well as training by the formal sector.
Research with women who undertake have been developed in increasing numbers to understand the profile and the role they play in their companies. This exploratory research with a qualitative method ...was performed with the Chamber of Affiliated Managers Business Woman in a business association in Santa Catarina, initially characterized the personal and professional profiles of 21 women. Of these, nine were selected to participate in a focus group, which expressed understandings GOUVÊA, A. B. C. T.; SILVEIRA, A.; MACHADO. H. P. V Mulheres empreendedoras: compreensões do empreendedorismo e do exercício do papel desempenhado por homens e mulheres em organizações. Revista de Empreendedorismo e Gestão de Pequenas Empresas, v. 2, n.2, p. 32-54, 2013.33about entrepreneurship. The results indicate that personal and professional characteristics are consistent with previous studies. Verbalizations in the focus group show that the notions of entrepreneurship covering elements such as innovation, creativity, opportunity and value creation as given in the literature. Glimpse further insights about differences in business performance of men and women. The understanding shows that for men objectivity is predominant, whereas for women the multiple roles of exercise and an attempt to provide satisfaction to those involved were highlighted, among other issues. There is emphasis on the need to expand research on this topic.
Resumo: Pesquisas com mulheres que empreendem têm sido desenvolvidas em número cada vez maior para compreender o perfil e o papel por elas desempenhado em suas empresas. Esta pesquisa exploratória, com método qualitativo, foi realizada com gestoras filiadas à Câmara da Mulher Empresária, em uma associação empresarial em Santa Catarina, caracterizando-se inicialmente o perfil pessoal e profissional de 21 destas mulheres. Destas, nove empreendedoras foram selecionadas para participarem de um focus group, manifestando seus entendimentos sobre o empreendedorismo. Os resultados apontam que características pessoais e profissionais se coadunam com estudos anteriores. As verbalizações evidenciam que as noções sobre empreendedorismo abrangem elementos como inovação, criatividade, oportunidade e criação de valor, tal como aponta a literatura. Apontam ainda diferenças no desempenho empresarial de homens e mulheres, sendo entendido que para os homens a objetividade é predominante, enquanto que para as mulheres o exercício múltiplo de papéis e a tentativa de propiciar satisfação aos envolvidos foram ressaltados, entre outros pontos. Há necessidade na continuidade de pesquisas, nesta temática.
Women are taking the lead as change agents and innovators in the society. The participation of women in economic activities occupied a prominent place in the list of strategic priorities and national ...development plans in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Fostering the development of entrepreneurship sector in this country is one of the political agenda in empowering the women. Considering that the country has a very young population and a growing youth bulge a fact which leads itself well to the rise of women entrepreneurship. This paper highlights the status of social entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia to illuminate why and how its ventures are implemented. The research objective’s end view is to contribute towards the fostering of social entrepreneurship among Saudi women entrepreneurs to boost their confidence in performing the activities that create difference towards progressive development of the socio-economic frames of the country. The study focused on the social entrepreneurship activities prioritized, challenges faced by women social entrepreneurs and strategic measures recommended towards sustainable social entrepreneurship in the Kingdom. The study found out that the basic issue prioritized by social entrepreneurs was training and development; the areas of challenges met were financing, regulatory frameworks and technical support. The strategic measures recommended towards fostering social entrepreneurship in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were focused on access to funding, entrepreneurship culture, tax and regulation, education and training and coordinated support.
Kenyan women are making a large - although frequently unseen - contribution to the country's economy, particularly in the agricultural and informal business sectors. But women face more severe legal, ...regulatory, and administrative barriers to starting and running businesses than do their male counterparts. Gender and Economic Growth in Kenya examines the barriers that are preventing women from contributing fully to the Kenyan economy and makes recommendations for addressing these barriers. Addressing these constraints will not only help women make a full economic contribution, but will also improve their livelihoods and those of their families and will help create a more enabling environment for all Kenyan businesses, regardless of the gender of their founders.
Managing the rural economic development is possible with the local actors taking place in economic life adequately. The inadequate penetration of women entrepreneurs ...in economic life is one of the main reasons for not getting the desired results in the rural development efforts in developing countries such as Turkey. In developing countries, observations on the increasingly negative factors against women such as low level of education, stereotypes in the society, strong gender inequality perception have brought up the role and function of women in rural development, and it has been suggested that overcoming this issue is only possible with women's entrepreneurship activity. Currently, one‐quarter of the population is employed in agriculture and is living in rural areas in Turkey; hence it is very important to have women in entrepreneurial activity in rural areas. In this study, recommendations are made for the development of women's entrepreneurship in rural areas, with emphasis on the current state and issues of women's entrepreneurship in rural areas of Turkey.
Kırsal ekonomik kalkınmayı yönetmek, yerel aktörlerin yeterince ekonomik hayatta yer alması ile mümkündür. Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelerde kırsal kalkınma çabalarında isteni‐len sonuçların alınamıyor olmasının başlıca nedenlerinden biri de kadın girişimcilerin eko‐nomik hayata yeterince giremiyor olmasıdır. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde; eğitim düzeyinin düşüklüğü, toplumun önyargıları, cinsiyet eşitsiz‐liği algılamasının güçlü olması gibi etkenlerin giderek kadınların aleyhine işlediği yönündeki gözlemler kadının kırsal kalkınmadaki rolü ve işlevini gündeme getirmiş ve bunun da ancak kadının girişimcilik faaliyeti ile aşılabileceği ifade edilmiştir. Halen nüfusun dörtte birinin kırsal alanda yaşadığı ve tarımda istihdam edildiği ülkemizde, kırsal alanda kadınların girişimcilik faaliyetleri içerisinde olması oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de kırsal alanda kadın girişimciliğinin mevcut durumu ve sorunları üzerinde durularak, kırsal alanda kadın girişimci‐liğinin geliştirilmesi için önerilere yer verilmiştir.
Characterized by both cultural and gender-based barriers to English language learning, language learning is a continual process of identity renegotiation, as several theorists have argued. While this ...identity renegotiation has been explored for women who assume the roles of wives, daughters, and employees, less attention has been directed to the dynamic language use processes that occur for women who intermix the role of entrepreneur into their already complex lives. This article examines how one immigrant woman business owner used social and task-oriented talk in the L1 and the L2 to move beyond boundaries of race, culture, and language when interacting with her African American clientele and her Chinese workers. The analysis also draws upon interview responses from more than 20 bilingual women entrepreneurs to highlight their challenges, triumphs, and shifting identities as they navigate their roles as English language learners, entrepreneurs, and women.
Cette recherche a pour but d'étudier le rôle joué par les parties prenantes et plus spécifiquement par l'une d'entre elles, la famille, sur les décisions stratégiques des entrepreneurs de PME/TPE, en ...étudiant d'éventuelles différences de genre. Le cadre conceptuel retenu est celui des effets de proxémie en PME/TPE tels que définis par Torrès (2003) à partir des travaux en psycho-sociologie de l'espace de Moles et Rohmer (1978). La loi proxémique montre qu'un individu tend à privilégier tout ce qui est proche au détriment de ce qui est lointain. Torrès montre comment les entrepreneurs n'échappent pas à cette loi et comment leurs décisions stratégiques peuvent s'expliquer par ces principes hiérarchiques. Nous testons la validité d'un principe proxémique à partir de la théorie des couches de Gibb (1988) qui propose une hiérarchie des parties prenantes de la PME. L'étude est conduite à partir d'une expérimentation définie par le cadre de l'économie expérimentale. Les résultats ouvrent des perspectives innovantes dans la compréhension des décisions stratégiques des femmes entrepreneures, et mettent en évidence l'intérêt théorique de la loi proxémique pour les étudier à partir de leur réalité propre (Carrier, et al, 2006) et non pas en comparaison aux hommes.
The scope of the research is an analysis of stakeholders' influences on strategic decisions, focusing principally on the role of family, within a gender perspective. The theoretical framework is the proxemic influence in Small Businesses. This framework was defined by Torrès (2003) based on the work of psycho-sociologists Moles and Rohmer (1978). The proxemic theory emphasizes the prevalence of things, people and elements that are close compared to those which are more remote. Torrès shows how strategic decisions of entrepreneurs are embedded by this proxemic influence. We test the validity of this law through the layers of theory defended by Gibb (1988) which identified a hierarchic influence of the stakeholders. The empirical study is based on an experiment structured from the experimental economics field. Men and women entrepreneurs are the subject of the experiment.Results show, innovative opportunities to better understand the strategic decisions of women entrepreneurs. They also highlight the theoretical interest of the proxemic principle to survey women from their own perspective, rather than only from the male comparison.
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