In a variety of applications using ionizing radiation, it is essential to ensure the safety of both individuals and equipment. To this end, excellent radiation shielding materials, including glasses and rare earth elements, such as Dy , are currently being researched. The goal of this study is to explore the effect of Dy on the radiation-shielding properties of the SiO –PbO–B –Dy glass system; for clarity, it is abbreviated as Dy-X. Dy is a good choice for use as a modifier in radiation shielding glasses since it has high density. Additionally, Dy has good thermal stability and can be added to glass matrices without substantially affecting their physical features. The influence of increasing the amount of Dy present in the glasses from 0 to 5 mol% on the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) and effective atomic number ( ) was studied using glasses with five distinct compositions and densities. In order to achieve this, the Phy-X program was utilized. The results demonstrate that Dy5 (with a composition of 55B –25PbO–20SiO –5Dy ) has the highest LAC value of the prepared glasses, while Dy0 has the lowest. We investigated the influence of Dy on at 0.284 MeV. The results show that the values increase with increasing Dy content. The values were found to be 27.35, 27.94, 28.52, 29.09, 29.65, and 30.20 for Dy0, Dy1, Dy2, Dy3, Dy4, and Dy5, respectively. From the results, we observed that increasing the Dy content in the samples leads to an improvement in the shielding ability of the glass system. We compared the LAC of the Dy-X glasses with six glass systems at 0.662 MeV. All Dy0–Dy3 glasses have lower LAC values than all the TeO –Li O–ZnO glasses, but Dy4 has an LAC value greater than those of three of these glasses.