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Lee Penagos, Juan Camilo
Lexis (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Departamento de Humanidades), 07/2023, Volume: 47, Issue: 2Journal Article
En el presente articulo, se presentaran dos formas de "herejia" en el trabajo de Manuel Zapata Olivella como novelista y como critico cultural durante la decada de 1960. En primer lugar, observaremos como, en su novela En Chima nace un santo, las acciones hereticas de los habitantes de Chima plantean una afrenta directa a la legitimidad de la autoridad eclesiastica que deriva, al mismo tiempo, en el ejercicio de la violencia represiva por parte de las autoridades estatales y, en cierta forma, en la conciencia politica por parte de los chimaleros. En segundo lugar, observaremos como el ejercicio de critica cultural y literaria que Zapata Olivella realizo desde la revista Letras Nacionales y otras publicaciones durante la decada de 1960 puede ser considerado tambien como "heretico" en el contexto de las pugnas por la legitimidad cultural en el naciente campo literario colombiano. Este paralelismo u "homologia" se realizara desde el punto de vista de la sociologia de la cultura de Pierre Bourdieu y su teoria de los campos. Palabras clave: Manuel Zapata Olivella, En Chima nace un santo, teoria de los campos, herejia, literatura latinoamericana, literatura colombiana In this article, we will present two forms of "heresy" in the work of Manuel Zapata Olivella as a novelist and cultural critic during the 1960s. First, we will observe how, in his novel En Chima nace un santo, the heretical actions of the inhabitants of Chima pose a direct affront to the legitimacy of the ecclesiastical authority, which derives, at the same time, in the exercise of repressive violence by the state authorities and, in a certain way, in the political awareness of the Chimaleros. Secondly, we will explore how the exercise of cultural and literary criticism that Zapata Olivella carried out in the magazine Letras Nacionales and other publications during the 1960s can also be considered "heretical" in the context of the struggles for cultural legitimacy within the emerging Colombian literary field. This parallelism or "homology" will be constructed from the point of view of Pierre Bourdieu's sociology of culture and his field theory. Keywords: Manuel Zapata Olivella, En Chima nace un santo, Field Theory, heresy, Latin American literature, Colombian literature
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