Our aim is to explicate a multi-level super meta-theory of personality which incorporates many of the ideas from previous meta-theories. To do this, we understand personality traits as comprising neuronal substrates and mental representations. Using a multi-level meta-theory, we explore the link between neuronal substrates of personality, mental representations and reproductive success. We argue that the function of neuronal substrates of personality is to facilitate reproductive success, whereas the relationship between mental representations and reproductive success is different at different levels. Our super multi-level meta-theory of personality provides an over-arching umbrella for existing meta-theories, articulates how different levels of thinking need to be integrated to better understand personality architecture, and helps explain why some human cognitions, emotions, motivations and behaviors are not always associated with reproductive success.