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Staley, Molly; Conners, Melinda G.; Hall, Katie; Miller, Lance J.
Hormones and behavior, June 2018, 2018-06-00, 20180601, Volume: 102Journal Article
As the animal welfare community strives to empirically assess how care and management practices can help maintain or even enhance welfare, the development of tools for non-invasively measuring physiological biomarkers is essential. Of the suite of physiological biomarkers, Immunoglobulin A (IgA), particularly the secretory form (Secretory IgA or SIgA), is at the forefront because of its crucial role in mucosal immunity and links to physical health, stress, and overall psychological well-being. While interpretation of changes in SIgA concentrations on short time scales is complex, long-term SIgA patterns are consistent: conditions that create chronic stress lead to suppression of SIgA. In contrast, when welfare is enhanced, SIgA is predicted to stabilize at higher concentrations. In this review, we examine how SIgA concentrations are reflective of both physiological stress and immune function. We then review the literature associating SIgA concentrations with various metrics of animal welfare and provide detailed methodological considerations for SIgA monitoring. Overall, our aim is to provide an in-depth discussion regarding the value of SIgA as physiological biomarker to studies aiming to understand the links between stress and immunity. •Secretory Immunoglobulin A (SIgA) plays a crucial role in mucosal immunity.•SIgA monitoring provides a non-invasive means to assess stress-immune interactions.•Animal welfare studies can provide context for observed SIgA patterns.•SIgA sampling schemes should account for species characteristics and sample type.•SIgA can help shift animal welfare research towards focusing on positive outcomes.
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