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Castro, Sílvia V.F.; Lima, Ana P.; Rocha, Raquel G.; Cardoso, Rafael M.; Montes, Rodrigo H.O.; Santana, Mário H.P.; Richter, Eduardo M.; Munoz, Rodrigo A.A.
Analytica chimica acta, 09/2020, Volume: 1130Journal Article
3D-printing is an emerging technique that enables the fast prototyping of multiple-use devices. Herein we report the fabrication of a 3D-printed graphene/polylactic acid (G-PLA) conductive electrode that works as a sampler and a voltammetric sensor of metals in gunshot residue (GSR) using a commercially-available G/-PLA filament. The 3D-printed surface was used as swab to collect GSR and next submitted to a square-wave voltammetric scan for the simultaneous detection of Pb2+ and Sb3+. The proposed sensor presented excellent analytical performance, with limit of detection values of 0.5 and 1.8 μg L−1 to Pb2+ and Sb3+, respectively, and linear ranges between 50 and 1500 μg L−1. Sampling was performed through the direct contact of G-PLA electrode in hands and clothes of shooters, followed by immersion in the electrochemical cell in the presence of supporting electrolyte for the SWASV scan. The proposed method showed a great performance in the recovery, identification and semi-quantification of Pb2+ and Sb3+ in the evaluated samples without the need for sample preparation. Moreover, the device can be reused as sampler and sensor (until three times without loss of electrochemical performance) and the fabrication is reproducible (RSD = 7%, for three different devices). Hence, this 3D-printed material is an excellent candidate for the analysis of GSR, an indispensable analysis in the forensic field. Display omitted •3D-printed graphene/PLA for the simultaneous determination of lead and antimony.•The same 3D-printed platform as a sampler and a voltammetric sensor of gunshot residues.•No need of surface modification with mercury/bismuth for highly sensitive detection.•Gunshot residues were analyzed by swabbing the 3D-printed electrode for further detection.•Free from interference of Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg and Zn and higher inter-electrode precision (7%).
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