In this research, we present a spatio-temporal analytical framework including spatio-temporal visualization (STV), space-time kernel density estimation (STKDE), and spatio-temporal-autocorrelation-analysis (STAA), to explore human mobility patterns and intra-urban communication dynamics. Experiments were conducted using large-scale detailed records of mobile phone calls in a city. The space-time path, time series graphs, vertical Bézier curves, STKDE, STAA, and related techniques in 3D GIS as well as statistical tests have been suggested for different spatio-temporal analysis tasks. We also investigated several statistical measures that extend the classic spatial association indices for spatio-temporal autocorrelation analysis. The spatial order of weighted matrix was found to have more significant effects than the temporal neighbors on influencing the autocorrelation strength of hourly phone calls.