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Lam, Tuan-Thanh; Nguyen, Doan-Tu; Le, Quang Thanh; Nguyen, Duy-Anh; Hoang, Diem-Tuyet Thi; Nguyen, Huu Du; Nguyen, Canh Chuong; Doan, Kim Phuong Thi; Tran, Nhat-Thang; Ha, Thi Minh Thi; Trinh, Thu Huong Nhat; Nguyen, Van Thong; Lam, Duc Tam; Le, Minh Tam; Nguyen, Xuan Thao; Ho, Thu-Hang Thi; Tran, Trung Hoanh; Ho, Viet Thang; Bui, Thanh Van; Nguyen, Van Trong; Hoang, Phuoc Ba; Nguyen, Hoai Thanh; Nguyen, Manh Hoan; Vo, Thanh-Binh; Le, Duy-Khang Nguyen; Truong, Thao Ngoc; Dao, Hong-Thuy Thi; Vo, Phuong-Anh Ngoc; Nguyen, Thien-Chi Van; Tran, Ngoc-Nhu Thi; Tran, Quynh-Nhu Thi; Van, Yen-Linh Thi; Nguyen, Thanh-Thanh Thi; Huynh, Bich-Ngoc Thi; Nguyen, Thanh-Phuong Thi; Tran, Kim-Van Thi; Nguyen, Cong-Trai; Doan, Phuoc-Loc; Nguyen, Thanh-Dat; Do, Thanh-Thuy Thi; Truong, Dinh-Kiet; Tang, Hung Sang; Cao, Ngoc-Phuong Thi; Phan, Minh-Duy; Giang, Hoa; Nguyen, Hoai-Nghia
Hemoglobin, 07/2022, Volume: 46, Issue: 4Journal Article
Vietnam has a high thalassemia burden. We collected blood samples from 5880 pregnant Vietnamese women during prenatal health checks to assess thalassemia carrier frequency using combined gap-polymerase chain reaction (gap-PCR) and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). Thalassemia carriers were identified with prevalence of 13.13% (772), including 7.82% (460) carriers of α-thalassemia (α-thal), 5.31% (312) carriers of β-thalassemia (β-thal), and 0.63% (37) concurrent α-/β-thal carriers. Deletional mutations (368) accounted for 80.0% of α-thal carriers, of which, -- SEA (Southeast Asian) (n = 254; 55.0%) was most prevalent, followed by the -α 3.7 (rightward) (n = 66; 14.0%) and -α 4.2 (leftward) (n = 45; 9.8%) deletions. Hb Westmead (HBA2: c.369C>G) (n = 53) and Hb Constant Spring (Hb CS or HBA2: c.427T>C) (in 28) are the two most common nondeletional α-globin variants, accounting for 11.5 and 6.0% of α-thal carriers. We detected 11 different β-thal genotypes. Hb E (HBB: c.79G>A) (in 211) accounted for 67.6% of β-thal carriers. The most common β-thal genotypes were associated with mutations at codon 17 (A>T) (HBB: c.52A>T), codons 41/42 (-TTCT) (HBB: c.126_129delCTTT), and codon 71/72 (+A) (HBB: c.217_218insA) (prevalence 0.70%, 0.68%, and 0.2%, respectively). Based on mutation frequencies calculated in this study, estimates of 5021 babies in Vietnam are affected with clinically severe thalassemia annually. Our data suggest a higher thalassemia carrier frequency in Vietnam than previously reported. We established that combining NGS with gap-PCR creates an effective large-scale thalassemia screening method that can detect a broad range of mutations.
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