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  • Complete chloroplast genome...
    Li, Xueli; Ding, Zhijie; Miao, Haoyu; Bao, Jinbo; Tian, Xinmin

    PeerJ (San Francisco, CA), 03/2022, Volume: 10
    Journal Article

    Apple is one of the most important temperate deciduous fruit trees worldwide, with a wide range of cultivation. In this study, we assessed the variations and phylogenetic relationships between the complete chloroplast genomes of wild and cultivated apples ( spp.). We obtained the complete chloroplast genomes of 24 apple varieties using next-generation sequencing technology and compared them with genomes of (downloaded from NCBI) the wild species. The chloroplast genome of is highly conserved, with a genome length of 160,067-160,290 bp, and all have a double-stranded circular tetrad structure. The gene content and sequences of genomes of wild species and cultivated apple were almost the same, but several mutation hotspot regions ( I- A, M- D, and C- E) were detected in these genomes. These regions can provide valuable information for solving specific molecular markers in taxonomic research. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that formed a new clade and four cultivated varieties clustered into a branch with and , which indicated that and were the ancestor species of the cultivated apple.