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Akira, Shizuo; Uematsu, Satoshi; Jang, Myoung Ho; Chevrier, Nicolas; Guo, Zijin; Kumagai, Yutaro; Yamamoto, Masahiro; Kato, Hiroki; Sougawa, Nagako; Matsui, Hidenori; Kuwata, Hirotaka; Hemmi, Hiroaki; Coban, Cevayir; Kawai, Taro; Ishii, Ken J; Takeuchi, Osamu; Miyasaka, Masayuki; Takeda, Kiyoshi
Nature immunology, 08/2006, Volume: 7, Issue: 8Journal Article
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize distinct microbial components and induce innate immune responses. TLR5 is triggered by bacterial flagellin. Here we generated Tlr5-/- mice and assessed TLR5 function in vivo. Unlike other TLRs, TLR5 was not expressed on conventional dendritic cells or macrophages. In contrast, TLR5 was expressed mainly on intestinal CD11c+ lamina propria cells (LPCs). CD11c+ LPCs detected pathogenic bacteria and secreted proinflammatory cytokines in a TLR5-dependent way. However, CD11c+ LPCs do not express TLR4 and did not secrete proinflammatory cytokines after exposure to a commensal bacterium. Notably, transport of pathogenic Salmonella typhimurium from the intestinal tract to mesenteric lymph nodes was impaired in Tlr5-/- mice. These data suggest that CD11c+ LPCs, via TLR5, detect and are used by pathogenic bacteria in the intestinal lumen.
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