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  • A Multidisciplinary Approac...
    Kovac Blaz, Milena; Svab, Igor

    Zdravstveno varstvo, 12/2015, Volume: 54, Issue: 4
    Journal Article

    Objectives. The aim of the study is to assess the weight loss programme with regards to the long-term effectiveness of weight reduction and weight maintenance, using completion rate and BMI, blood sugar, cholesterol and blood pressure levels as outcomes. The aim of the study also includes identifying the factors associated with adherence to the programme. Methods. The programme was developed by a multidisciplinary team. It included 6 months of introduction and another 18 months of maintenance. The data for 397 participants was collected after 24 months. Results. 346 participants have completed the introduction and 123 have completed the programme. In the introduction, the average weight loss was 12% of the initial weight. The participants, who completed the full programme, lost 9.4% of their initial weight. The participants also significantly (p<0.05) reduced their blood sugar and cholesterol levels, as well as their blood pressure. The factors associated with adherence to the programme are: age over 50, lower educational levels, lower initial weight and higher weight loss in the introduction. Conclusions. The multi-disciplinary approach to obesity treatment was effective for a selected group of people. The proportion of dropouts was relatively high, but still low compared to similar programmes. Group treatment and mutual support are of a great importance in bringing about and maintaining the changes. Izhodišča. Namen raziskave je bil opredeliti kratkoročno in dolgoročno uspešnost programa glede na vztrajanje v njem, ITM, vrednost krvnega sladkorja, holesterola in krvnega tlaka pri udeležencih, ki so program zaključili. Želeli smo tudi opredeliti dejavnike, ki napovedujejo vztrajanje v programu. Metode. V programu sodeluje multidisciplinarni tim strokovnjakov: zdravnik, diplomirana medicinska sestra, fizioterapevt in profesor telesne vadbe. Program ima dva dela: 6-mesečni shujševalni del in 18-mesečni vzdrževalni del. V program se je vključilo 397 udeležencev po nasvetu osebnega zdravnika. Podatke smo ocenili po 24 mesecih. Rezultati. Prvi, shujševalni del programa je zaključilo 346 udeležencev, od tega jih je 123 zaključilo celotni program. V shujševalnem delu je bilo povprečno znižanje teže za 12% začetne teže, pri tistih, ki so zaključili vzdrževalni program, pa za 9,4% začetne teže. Udeležencem se je po dveh letih statistično pomembno (p<0,05) znižala vrednost krvnega sladkorja in holesterola, prav tako sta se znižala tudi sistolični in diastolični krvni tlak. Dejavniki, ki so vplivali na daljše vztrajanje v programu, so bili starost nad 50 let, nižja izobrazba, nižja vstopna teža in večja izguba kilogramov v prvem delu programa. Zaključek. Z raziskavo smo želeli dokazati, da je multidisciplinarni pristop zdravljenja debelosti za tiste, ki zaključijo program v celoti, učinkovit. Delež tistih, ki so program zaključili predčasno, je relativno visok, vendar v primerjavi z ostalimi podobnimi programi še vedno nizek. Izkazalo se je, da so pogost stik s strokovnjakom, skupinska obravnava ter podpora ljudem z enakimi težavami izrednega pomena pri spreminjanju in vzdrževanju sprememb.