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    Vorovitch, Mikhail F.; Samygina, Valeriya R.; Pichkur, Evgeny; Konarev, Peter V.; Peters, Georgy; Khvatov, Evgeny V.; Ivanova, Alla L.; Tuchynskaya, Ksenia K.; Konyushko, Olga I.; Fedotov, Anton Y.; Armeev, Grigory; Shaytan, Konstantin V.; Kovalchuk, Mikhail V.; Osolodkin, Dmitry I.; Egorov, Alexey M.; Ishmukhametov, Aydar A.

    Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology, January 2024, 2024-Jan-01, 2024-01-01, 20240101, Volume: 80, Issue: 1
    Journal Article

    X‐ray imaging of virus particles at the European XFEL could eventually allow their complete structures to be solved, potentially approaching the resolution of other structural virology methods. To achieve this ambitious goal with today's technologies, about 1 ml of purified virus suspension containing at least 1012 particles per millilitre is required. Such large amounts of concentrated suspension have never before been obtained for enveloped viruses. Tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) represents an attractive model system for the development of enveloped virus purification and concentration protocols, given the availability of large amounts of inactivated virus material provided by vaccine‐manufacturing facilities. Here, the development of a TBEV vaccine purification and concentration scheme is presented combined with a quality‐control protocol that allows substantial amounts of highly concentrated non‐aggregated suspension to be obtained. Preliminary single‐particle imaging experiments were performed for this sample at the European XFEL, showing distinct diffraction patterns. A purification and concentration scheme for the tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) vaccine was developed along with a quality‐control protocol that enabled substantial amounts of highly concentrated non‐aggregated suspension to be produced. This approach allowed single‐particle imaging experiments to be conducted for this sample at the European XFEL, which resulted in distinct patterns of diffraction. In order to illustrate the advantages of the proposed protocols, the cryo‐EM structure of TBEV has been determined.