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Dorand, Madisen; Mcnulty, Emily Allen; McClanahan, Sarah; Smith, Kevin; Richards, Jesse; Hasenstein, Todd; Khorgami, Zhamak
Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 11/2023, Volume: 31Journal Article
Background: At 39.4%, Oklahoma has the 5th highest rate of obesity in the United States. Despite a state plan to reduce obesity and the recent expansion of OK Medicaid to cover bariatric surgery, Oklahoma continues to have one of the highest rates of obesity in the country. This qualitative community-based participatory research study utilizes the PhotoVoice method to better understand contributing factors and potential solutions to obesity in Oklahoma. Methods: Adults with obesity were recruited via the primary care clinic of a university health system in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Participants were educated on the PhotoVoice method and asked to take photographs throughout their daily life that captured their experience with obesity, with an emphasis on factors that may be uniquely challenging in the state of Oklahoma. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant to allow participants so discuss the meaning of each submitted photograph and propose potential solutions to the obesitypromoting phenomena identified in their photography. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed qualitatively for common themes and potential actionable solutions to the factors identified as contributing to obesity. Results: In preliminary qualitative analysis, several common themes were identified by individuals with obesity as contributing to high rates of obesity in the state. These include poor infrastructure to allow for outdoor physical activity, difficulty accessing healthy food options due to the prevalence of food deserts, the high financial cost of nutritious foods, and limited access to physicians and nutrition education. Proposed solutions to combat obesity include integrating formal nutrition education into primary care offices, improving access to nutrition and culinary education for individuals utilizing WIC and SNAP benefits, and investment in accessible infrastructure for outdoor exercise. Conclusions: Community-based participatory research provides unique insight into the causes of Oklahoma's high rates of obesity, and allows those effected by obesity to propose potential actionable solutions to community stakeholders. Regardless of where they live, those who care for patients with obesity can better do so by utilizing a multidisciplinary approach to combat the precipitants of obesity specific to their community.
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