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Sullivan, Sandra, MD; Schanler, Richard J., MD; Kim, Jae H., MD, PhD; Patel, Aloka L., MD; Trawöger, Rudolf, MD; Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula, MD; Chan, Gary M., MD; Blanco, Cynthia L., MD; Abrams, Steven, MD; Cotten, C. Michael, MD, MHS; Laroia, Nirupama, MD; Ehrenkranz, Richard A., MD; Dudell, Golde, MD; Cristofalo, Elizabeth A., MD, MPH; Meier, Paula, PhD; Lee, Martin L., PhD; Rechtman, David J., MD; Lucas, Alan, MD
The Journal of pediatrics, 04/2010, Volume: 156, Issue: 4Journal Article
Objective To evaluate the health benefits of an exclusively human milk–based diet compared with a diet of both human milk and bovine milk–based products in extremely premature infants. Study design Infants fed their own mothers' milk were randomized to 1 of 3 study groups. Groups HM100 and HM40 received pasteurized donor human milk–based human milk fortifier when the enteral intake was 100 and 40 mL/kg/d, respectively, and both groups received pasteurized donor human milk if no mother's milk was available. Group BOV received bovine milk–based human milk fortifier when the enteral intake was 100 mL/kg/d and preterm formula if no mother's milk was available. Outcomes included duration of parenteral nutrition, morbidity, and growth. Results The 3 groups (total n = 207 infants) had similar baseline demographic variables, duration of parenteral nutrition, rates of late-onset sepsis, and growth. The groups receiving an exclusively human milk diet had significantly lower rates of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC; P = .02) and NEC requiring surgical intervention ( P = .007). Conclusions For extremely premature infants, an exclusively human milk–based diet is associated with significantly lower rates of NEC and surgical NEC when compared with a mother's milk–based diet that also includes bovine milk–based products.
