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Aldridge, Jerry R. Jr; Moseley, Carson E; Boltz, David A; Negovetich, Nicholas J; Reynolds, Cory; Franks, John; Brown, Scott A; Doherty, Peter C; Webster, Robert G; Thomas, Paul G
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 03/2009, Volume: 106, Issue: 13Journal Article
Respiratory infection with highly pathogenic influenza A viruses is characterized by the exuberant production of cytokines and chemokines and the enhanced recruitment of innate inflammatory cells. Here, we show that challenging mice with virulent influenza A viruses, including currently circulating H5N1 strains, causes the increased selective accumulation of a particular dendritic cell subset, the tipDCs, in the pneumonic airways. These tipDCs are required for the further proliferation of influenza-specific CD8⁺ T cells in the infected lung, because blocking their recruitment in CCR2⁻/⁻ mice decreases the numbers of CD8⁺ effectors and ultimately compromises virus clearance. However, diminution rather than total elimination of tipDC trafficking by treatment with the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist pioglitazone moderates the potentially lethal consequences of excessive tipDC recruitment without abrogating CD8⁺ T cell expansion or compromising virus control. Targeting the tipDCs in this way thus offers possibilities for therapeutic intervention in the face of a catastrophic pandemic.
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