Objective: Renal cancer (RC) accounts for 3.2% of all newly diagnosed cancers and approximately 90% of RC cases are renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Smoking and hypertension are the most important risk ...factors. The aim of our study was to evaluate the general characteristics of RCC patients in
Bolu, Turkey.
Materials and Methods: Patients who visited our medical oncology clinic and were diagnosed with RCC between January 1st, 2012 and May 31st,
2017 were evaluated retrospectively.
Results: Eighty-one patients were diagnosed with RCC during the study period. The median age of the patients was 62 years (range: 38-87 years).
Fifty-seven (70.4%) of the patients were male and 24 (29.6%) were female. Thirty patients (37.1%) were diagnosed incidentally. Forty-eight (59.3%)
of the patients were smokers. The most common comorbidity was hypertension (58%). Radical nephrectomy was performed in 59 (72.8%) of the
patients. The most common histological subtype was clear cell carcinoma (72.8%) and 39 (48.1%) were stage 1 when evaluated according to the
stage of RCC. Of the 16 patients with metastatic disease, 11 (13.6%) received interferon therapy, and 5 patients (6.2%) refused treatment. After
interferon treatment, 7 patients received targeted therapy with sunitinib/pazopanib as second-line treatment, 5 received everolimus as third-line
treatment, and 3 received axitinib treatment as fourth-line treatment. Ten patients with bone metastasis underwent palliative radiotherapy. The
median follow-up time of the patients was 21 months (0-123 months). Sixty-five patients (80.2%) survived this period.
Conclusion: Smoking cessation and effective treatment of hypertension, preventable etiological factors of RCC, and incidental diagnosis of early RCC
are very important. With early diagnosis, the partial nephrectomy rate might be increased.
Objective: Testicular cancers (Tca) are most common in men aged 20-34. Despite the increase in its incidence, the mortality rate from Tca decreases. In our study, it was aimed to evaluate the general ...characteristics, the treatments and survival of the patients who were followed up and treated with the diagnosis of Tca. Materials and Methods: In this study, patients who were admitted to Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital and Abant İzzet Baysal University, Medical Faculty, Medical Oncology Outpatient Clinic between January 2004 and December 2014 with the diagnosis of Tca, were evaluated retrospectively. Results: In 324 (96.7%) of 332 patients included in the study with the diagnosis of Tca, testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) was present. Of the patients, 150 (46.3%) had seminoma and 174 (53.7%) had non-seminoma tumors. The median age of patients with TGCT was 32 (minimum 18-maximum 81) years. Non-seminoma group was diagnosed at a younger age (p<0.05). The most common histology in the non-seminoma group was mixed germ cell tumor which was found in 135 patients (77.6%). The stage in which the patients were most diagnosed was stage I (seminoma 73.3% and non-seminoma tumor 44.3%, p<0.001). Distant metastasis was present in 3.5% of patients with seminoma and 32.7% of patients with non-seminoma tumor (p<0.001). It was observed that 98% of the patients in the seminoma group and 85.6% of the patients in the non-seminoma group were in the good prognostic group (p<0.001). Radiotherapy, which was applied in 90 (81.8%) patients, was the most applied treatment in the group with stage I seminoma. In stage I non-seminomatous group, the most common treatment was cisplatin-based combination treatments, which was given to 58 (75.3%) patients. The median follow-up period of patients with stage I seminoma was 60 (minimum 3-maximum 134) months, and the median follow-up period of patients with non-seminoma tumor was 69 (minimum 8-maximum 178) months. Three hundred twelve (96.3%) patients with TGCT survived and 145 (96.7%) in the seminoma group and 167 (96%) patients in the non-seminoma group survived (p>0.05). Conclusion: The majority of our patients were diagnosed at an early stage and were in the good prognostic group. Most of our patients survived during our followup period.
Studies concerning adjuvant systemic therapy and prognosis in male breast carcinoma (MBC) are limited. We aimed to evaluate outcome of the changing practices of adjuvant systemic treatment and ...survival in operable MBC patients over the last two decades. The medical records of 148 MBC patients followed between the years 1986 and 2009 at 7 cancer center were evaluated retrospectively. One hundred and eighteen operable non-metastatic patients had sufficient data were included the study. One hundred and eighteen operable MBC were found to be eligible. Median age was 60 (range 29–83) years. Thirty-two percent of the patients had T3-4 tumors. Half of the patients had axillary lymph node-positive disease. The proportion of positivity of estrogen receptor(ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and HER2 status were 82.9, 75.8, and 23.4%, respectively. Only, 7 patients had triple negative (TN). Adjuvant hormonotherapy was advised for 76.8% whereas adjuvant chemotherapy for 73.7% of the patients. Median follow-up was 40.9 months (range 3.8–186 months). Locoregional and/or distant recurrence developed in thirty-eight patients (32.2%). Twenty-three patients died during the follow-up period. Five-year disease-free survival (DFS) was found to be 60%, whereas overall survival (OS) was 82%. Larger tumor size and lymph node positivity were statistically significant poor prognostic factors for OS. Although statistical insignificant, patients with HER2-positive tumors have worse DFS (52 vs. 120 months, log rank
P
= .73) and OS (85 vs. 144 months, log rank
P
= .30) than HER2-negative ones. Although the frequency of the use of adjuvant systemic therapy in MBC has been increasing and survival rates improving for the last decades, lymph node status and tumor size are still the most important determining factors for prognosis. There is a need for further prognostic information in men with HER2-positive or TN breast cancer.
To evaluate breast self examination (BSE) practice and the effect of a training program conducted by healthcare professionals on BSE.
Women were randomized into control and test groups with both ...groups completing a questionnaire and three independent interviews where their BSE practices were evaluated.
In all, 39.5% of the participants were previously provided information on BSE by healthcare professionals while 25.8% had no knowledge of BSE prior to enrollment. Compared to those informed about BSE through other means such as television, radio, and the internet, the scores of the first, second, and third visits were higher (p<0.05) in individuals who received BSE education from healthcare professionals and hospitals.
BSE training provided by healthcare professionals may increase early breast cancer diagnosis and treatment rates by improving BSE awareness and practice.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. It can be diagnosed at a late stage due to the lack of early symptom onset and its non-pathognomonic symptoms. Metastatic ...regions often include the lung, lymph nodes, bones, and adrenal glands. Soft tissue and central nervous system (CNS) metastases are extremely rare. The incidence of CNS metastasis ranges from 0.6% to 1.7%. Curative treatment is liver transplantation or resection in early stages. In advanced stages, local therapies include transarterial chemoembolization and radioembolization. Systemic treatments, such as sorafenib, regorafenib, ramucirumab, and nivolumab, are applied in the metastatic stage. We aimed to present with literature the case of HCC that was diagnosed incidentally and had rare metastasis of soft tissue and CNS and long-term overall survival.
Primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) of the breast constitutes 0.04%-0.53% of all malignancies and 2.2% of extra nodal lymphomas. In total, 7%-8% of all B-cell lymphomas are the mucosa-associated ...lymphoid tissue (MALT) type, of which up to 50% of primary gastric MALT lymphoma. Herein we present a patient with breast MALT lymphoma that transformed to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A 69-year-old female presented with a mass on her left breast. Physical examination showed a 3×3-cm mass located 1 cm from the areola on the upper lateral quadrant of the breast at the 1 o’clock position, which was fixed and firm. Excisional biopsy was performed and pathologic examination of the specimen showed MALT lymphoma transformation to DLBCL. The patient was staged as II-EA. The rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) protocol was scheduled as treatment. Following 6 courses of R-CHOP, 2 additional courses of rituximab were administered. Positron emission tomography (PET)-CT was done at the end of the treatment. PET showed that the patient was in complete remission. At the time this report was written, the patient was being followed-up at the outpatient clinic on a regular basis. Lymphoma of the breast is a rarity among malignant tumors of the breast. The most common type of lymphoma is DLBCL. Breast MALT lymphoma is extremely rare. Primary MALT lymphoma of the breast can transform from low grade to high grade and recurrence is possible; therefore, such patients should be monitored carefully for transformation.
OBJECTIVE Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a fibrohistiocytic tumor characterized by protuberant growth pattern of skin and subcutaneous tissue. The annual incidence is 4.2 per million. It ...is often seen between the ages of 20?50 years. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of patients with DFSP. METHODS Patients who visited our clinic were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS All patients were females and the median age was 42 (29?60) years. The evaluated tumor sites were observed in the body/trunk in one patient, at the hip in two, and at the proximal lower extremity in two. Surgical excision was done in all of them as initial treatment. Re-excision was needed in three patients. One of the patients underwent punch biopsy for diagnosis and surgical removal of the tumor with a negative surgical margin. One of the patients underwent radiotherapy. The median follow-up time was 10 (6?26) months. During the median follow-up, there was no local recurrence or metastasis. CONCLUSION As initial treatment, it is important to surgically remove tumors that had no distant metastasis. Positive or near surgical margins should be resected again. If a negative surgical margin cannot be achieved, radiotherapy should be used as the treatment. Imatinib mesylate is used for treatment in unresectable, recurrent, and/or metastatic tumors.
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