Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma case series Küçüköztaş, Nadire; Taslamacıoğlu Duman, Tuba; Erdoğan Düzcü, Selma ...
Northwestern Medical Journal,
01/2024, Letnik:
4, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Aim: Among the endocrine malignancies, thyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most common. However, anaplastic TC accounts for 1-2% of these cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic and ...pathologic features, treatments, and survival of patients with anaplastic TC. Methods: Anaplastic TC patients who applied to our medical oncology clinics between 01.01.2012 -01.12.2018 were retrospectively evaluated. Results: A total of 8 patients were included in the study. There were 4 female and 4 male patients with a median age of 68 (minimum 61-maximum 83) years. The initial complaint of all patients was a fast-growing swelling in the neck. Six patients had total thyroidectomy. Two patients had anaplastic TC with a differential TC. Six patients were at stage 4C. The most common site of metastasis was the lung (75%). Five patients had received a median of 3 (1-6) cycles of chemotherapy. Radiotherapy was applied to 7 patients. All patients except one died during the follow-up period. The median survival time of the patients was 3 (2-15) months. Conclusion: Anaplastic TC, an aggressive tumor with high metastasic potential, has no effective treatment at present. Effective treatments are needed for this rare and aggressive disease. Developments in the molecular field are promising for the treatment of ATC.
INTRODUCTION: Colon cancer (CC) is seen in both sexes at the third frequency, and it is the cause of cancer-related deaths at the second frequency despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment. ...This study, it was aimed to evaluate the patients diagnosed with CC and their general demographic features in Bolu. METHODS: CC patients' gender, age, body mass index (BMI), the primary location of the tumor, pathological diagnosis, grade, staging, location of metastasis and treatments administered were recorded retrospectively. RESULTS: Those diagnosed with CC constituted16.54% of all cancer patients during the study period. 199(60.49%) of 329 patients included in the study were male, and 130 (39.51%) were female. The median diagnosis age in men and women was 64 years, the maximal age range of diagnosis was 60-69 years (32.66% and 32.22%, respectively). It was found that 6.53% of men and 26.15% of women were obese. The pathological diagnosis of 317 (96.35%) of the patients was adenocarcinoma, and the highest Grade 2 tumors subsisted (48.63%) (p= 0.696). The most diagnosed stage was stage III in men (36.68%) and stage II in women (38.46%) (p=0.044). While the appeal with the metastatic stage was 25.13% in men, it was seen at 17.69% in women (p=0.044). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In Bolu, CC is among the cancers in the early stage diagnostic screening program. It is important to increase the training and participation in these programs and to provide healthy nutrition and exercise training to avoid obesity which plays an important role, especially in women, in CC etiology. In addition, prospective studies should be carried out to prevent data loss and to reach healthy statistical results in our country.
We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab emtansine in patients with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with pertuzumab plus trastuzumab and taxane. We reviewed the medical ...records of patients who were diagnosed with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER-2) positive metastatic breast cancer and received pertuzumab and then TDM-1 between January 2014 and January 2021 from twenty- five cancer centers. The Kaplan- Meier method estimated progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Additionally, objective response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and safety were evaluated. One hundred fifty-three patients were included,79.1% of the patients received TDM-1 in the second line, 90.8% had visceral metastasis, and 30.7% had central nervous system involvement. The PFS and OS of TDM-1 were evaluated according to the number of previous lines (on the 2nd line or more than two lines) metastatic sites (visceral and non-visceral) and the presence of central nervous metastasis. In TDM-1 therapy, PFS in second line therapy was ten months (95% CI: 7.7 - 12.2); this was statistically higher than later-line PFS, which was six months (95% CI: 3.3 to 8.6) (p = 0.004). The median OS time was 25 months (95% CI: 21.0 to 28.9) in patients treated with TDM-1 in the second line and 19 months (95% CI: 12.3 to 25.6) in patients who received later than the second line(p = 0.175). There were no significant differences in PFS time of patients with and without visceral and central nervous metastases. Our study showed that TDM-1 was also effective in patients using pertuzumab, contributes significantly to PFS when used in the second line compared to its use in the later line, and does not make any difference in OS.We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab emtansine in patients with metastatic breast cancer previously treated with pertuzumab plus trastuzumab and taxane. We reviewed the medical records of patients who were diagnosed with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER-2) positive metastatic breast cancer and received pertuzumab and then TDM-1 between January 2014 and January 2021 from twenty- five cancer centers. The Kaplan- Meier method estimated progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Additionally, objective response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and safety were evaluated. One hundred fifty-three patients were included,79.1% of the patients received TDM-1 in the second line, 90.8% had visceral metastasis, and 30.7% had central nervous system involvement. The PFS and OS of TDM-1 were evaluated according to the number of previous lines (on the 2nd line or more than two lines) metastatic sites (visceral and non-visceral) and the presence of central nervous metastasis. In TDM-1 therapy, PFS in second line therapy was ten months (95% CI: 7.7 - 12.2); this was statistically higher than later-line PFS, which was six months (95% CI: 3.3 to 8.6) (p = 0.004). The median OS time was 25 months (95% CI: 21.0 to 28.9) in patients treated with TDM-1 in the second line and 19 months (95% CI: 12.3 to 25.6) in patients who received later than the second line(p = 0.175). There were no significant differences in PFS time of patients with and without visceral and central nervous metastases. Our study showed that TDM-1 was also effective in patients using pertuzumab, contributes significantly to PFS when used in the second line compared to its use in the later line, and does not make any difference in OS.
Chronic infections with hepatitis C virus (HCV) are frequently pronounced in the etiology of malignancies especially in hepatocellular carcinoma. The association between HCV and risk of renal cell ...carcinoma (RCC) development has been stated recently. The authors retrospectively evaluated hepatitis serology for HCV and HBV in patients who had RCC diagnosis between 2005 and 2010 in six oncology centers. Control group was also included from the three different published studies that hepatitis serology studied in healthy people that has been living in the same geographic regions. Histologically confirmed 903 RCC cases and 5,267 healthy subjects were included the study. Median age at diagnosis of RCC was 58 (range: 26–89). There was no increase in HCV positivity in RCC patients compared to healthy control group (1.7 vs. 1.5%;
P
= 0.77). Frequency of HBsAg positivity was 4.4 and 4.1% in RCC and control groups, respectively (
P
= 0.65). There is no increase in frequency of HCV and HBsAg positivity in RCC patients. HCV positivity in RCC patients were not different from the healthy people.
Studies revealed that having "1.20" or upper interarm local tissue water (LTW) ratio which can be calculated through tissue dielectric constant (TDC) method might be the determinant of clinical ...lymphedema after breast cancer surgery. The purpose of this study was to confirm these findings and determine the sensitivity and specificity of LTW (%) measurement method in patients with breast cancer related lymphedema (BCRL).
Sixty-three participants were recruited to this study in two groups as follows: the lymphedema group (n = 32), who had BCRL after breast cancer surgery, and the latent group (n = 31), who had breast cancer surgery yet having no lymphedema. LTW (%) measurement of those was conducted with Moisture Meter-D compact (MMDc, Delfin Technologies, Kuopio, Finland) at sites 8 cm proximal (biceps) and 6 cm distal (forearm) from the antecubital fossa, 10 cm inferior from the axilla (lateral thorax) in 2.5 mm depth. Sensitivity and specificity of TDC method were analyzed based on the reference having 1.20 or upper interarm LTW ratio in both groups.
Absolute LTW (%) values were significantly different (p < 0.001) between groups in forearm (latent: 26.96 ± 3.35, lymphedema: 36.85 ± 9.32) and in biceps (latent: 26.54 ± 4.11, lymphedema: 36.45 ± 9.91) while in lateral thorax reference point (latent: 35.22 ± 7.44, lymphedema: 33.32 ± 5.08) there was not (p = 0.241). Interarm LTW ratios were significantly different (p < 0.001) between groups in forearm (latent: 1.01 ± 0.06, lymphedema: 1.40 ± 0.35) and in biceps (latent: 1.02 ± 0.10, lymphedema: 1.42 ± 0.38) while in lateral thorax reference point (latent: 1.10 ± 0.25, lymphedema: 1.07 ± 0.16) there was not (p = 0.896). Sensitivity and specificity of the TDC method were 65% and 94%, respectively.
Absolute LTW (%) values and interarm LTW ratios were significantly different between patients with clinically diagnosed BCRL and patients with no BCRL (latent group). TDC method has been gradually gaining attention in clinical use and this method might be the preferable method in case of early detection of BCRL in patients in latent phase. Regular follow-ups would be beneficial if objective and sensitive measurement techniques were done in clinical settings.
This study was conducted to evaluate fractal dimension (FD), mandibular cortical width (MCW), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), and mandibular cortical index (MCI) on panoramic radiographs to ...determine the mandibular cortical and trabecular bone changes in females with breast cancer undergoing aromatase inhibitors (AIs) treatment.
In this retrospective study, FD analysis, PMI, MCI, and MCW were assessed over panoramic radiographs of 34 females under AI therapy as a patient group and 34 healthy age-gender matched individuals as a control group.
Mean FD values and MCW were slightly but not significantly lower in the patient group (1.47 ± 0.06 and 4.1 ± 1.2 respectively). FDs measured onthe supracortical area above the angulus mandibula (FD2) and anterior to the mental foramen (FD4) were significantly lower in patients (p = 0.037 and p = 0.046 respectively). Among the measured regions in patients, FD2 was significantly lower (p = 0.001). PMI was also significantly lower in patients (p = 0.001) and MCI were similar in both groups (p = 0.604).
AI use affects bone quality and evaluating FD, PMI, and MCW in panoramic radiography can be used to determine the effect of this drug on the jaw bones in the early period.
Aromatase inhibitors are the most commonly used drugs in breast cancer patients. This drug is thought to have osteoporotic effects on the jawbone. This study is the first study to evaluate osteoporotic changes with measurements made on panoramic radiographs and the results of the study are significant. We think this study will shed light on the studies that will investigate the effects of the drug on the jaw bones.
Aim
To study the dental and periodontal status of women with breast cancer (BCa) having tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors (AIs) treatment in comparison with control healthy women.
Methods
Fifty‐one ...women on tamoxifen therapy, 52 women on AIs therapy and 52 systemically healthy controls were included in the study. The total number of teeth, the number of teeth indicated for extraction, the number of decayed teeth, and the duration of medication were recorded. Periodontal status was evaluated with gingival index (GI); plaque index (PI); bleeding on probing (BOP); probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL).
Results
The lowest number of teeth and decayed teeth was found in AIs users (P < .001 and P = .003 respectively). The highest CAL value was seen in AIs users (P = .042) whereas no significant difference was found between the groups in terms of PI, GI, and PD (P = .102, P = .233, and P = .306, respectively). Lower PI was observed in patients using AIs for less than 2 years (P = .048).
Conclusions
While tamoxifen did not affect the dental and periodontal condition, AIs medication adversely affected the dental and periodontal condition by more tooth loss and higher CAL.
Breast cancer related lymphedema (BCRL) is a drastic situation that affects patients who have undergone breast cancer surgery. The impact of this condition on individuals' quality of life should be ...investigated in more detail to obtain better treatment results.
In total, 65 patients with BCRL participated in this study. Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) was used to evaluate the validity of associated domains in Lymphedema Quality of Life Tool (LYMQoL). Both the LYMQoL and NHP were filled out by BCRL patients. To evaluate its test-retest reliability, the LYMQoL was subsequently performed seven days following its initial application. Measurement properties such as internal consistency, test-retest reliability, criterion validity and factor structure were tested. The internal consistency was assessed via Cronbach's alpha; test-retest reliability was assessed by the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).
Cronbach's alpha values ranged from 0.74 to 0.91 for the LYMQoL total and domain scores. Test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC=0.92-0.99). When the relation between LYMQoL and NHP was investigated, 'good' to 'very good' correlations were obtained (r=0.539-0.643, p<0.05) for all domains of LYMQoL. Exploratory factor analyses demonstrated a four-factor structure.
Turkish version of LYMQoL is a valid and reliable measurement tool to evaluate the quality of life in patients with BCRL.
It is not possible to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI) in early stages with traditional biomarkers. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a novel biomarker promising the diagnosis of AKI in early ...stages. We studied whether urinary and serum KIM-1 (KIM-1 U and KIM-1 S ) concentrations were useful in predicting cisplatin-induced AKI in early stages.
We prospectively analysed 22 patients on cisplatin treatment. KIM-1 S and KIM-1 U concentrations were assessed in the samples of the patients on four different time periods (before treatment BT, first AT1, third AT3 and fifth AT5 day after treatment).
KIM-1 U concentrations on the first day after cisplatin treatment in patients with AKI were significantly increased compared to both KIM-1 U concentrations of the same patients BT (P=0.009) and to AT1-KIM-1 U concentrations of the patients without AKI (P=0.008). A receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that AT1-KIM-1 U concentrations may predict AKI with an 87.5% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity (area under the curve=0.94). KIM-1 S concentrations were not significantly changed between BT and AT periods.
KIM-1 U concentrations may predict cisplatin-induced AKI in early stages with high sensitivity and specificity.
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