The authors investigate the structural characteristics, regeneration processes, growth, development, and survival of a young generation of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) based on three periodic ...measurements (1998, 2009, and 2018). The studied forest community (Lamio orvale-Fagetum sylvaticae (Ht. 1938) Bohridi 1963) is situated within a forest reserve in Plitvice Lakes National Park, Croatia. Monitoring was carried out according to UN/ECE (2000) for systematic and repeated research. The basic structural indicators, structural canopy elements, and appearance of the young generation were measured as the basic conditions of natural restoration in repeated phytocenological surveys (1980, 1988, 2004). The distribution of the number of trees of the first two measurements (1998–2009) indicates a distribution with pronounced right asymmetry. The structural dynamics observed during the surveys and alongside vegetation surveys indicate the dynamics of the growth and development of beech. The results show that the main drivers of development dynamics in protected forest ecosystems are structural breaks (gaps) that occur in stands due to the action of abiotic and biotic factors. The passive management model in effect in the national park should be replaced with a more active approach to facilitate natural processes with the aim of preserving and renewing the forest ecosystem.
Danas su suvremene prometnice jedne od najvećih zagađivača čovjekova okoliša. Zagađenje bukom utječe i na zdravlje, što se manifestira fizičkim, fiziološkim i psihološkim učincima. Buka u gradskim ...sredinama nepovoljno utječe i na pojedine populacije gradskih životinja, prije svega ptica. U ovom radu se daje pregled stručne i znanstvene problematike koja je vezana za interakcije buke i gradskog zelenila s posebnim osvrtom na bioraznolikost. Veći naglasak je stavljen na problematiku primjene voćnih i ukrasnih vrsta na javnim gradskim zelenim površinama u cilju očuvanja ptičje raznolikosti. U cilju smanjenja buke od prometa najčešće se koriste različite zvučne barijere, a u zadnje vrijeme su u uporabi i zelene vertikalne zvučne barijere. One ujedno smanjuju buku i služe za smanjenje zagađenja zraka. Gradsko zelenilo ima niz pozitivnih učinaka na zdravlje i smanjenje buke. Vertikalni vrtovi također daju određeni nivo zvučne izolacije i akumulacije zvuka. Tako je npr. poznato da biljni pokrovi učinkovitije ublažuju zvukove viših frekvencija u odnosu na niže. Potom krovni vrtovi osim toplinske izolacije smanjuju intenzitet buke, a neke zemlje su ih zakonski uvjetovale. Postoje i određene specifičnosti biljnih vrsta na učinak smanjenja buke. Uz navedeno bitno je istaknuti da postoji niz načina sadnje odgovarajućeg bilja u cilju smanjenja buke, a još k tome ako je i autohtono utječemo i na očuvanje bioraznolikosti. Odabir prikladnih biljnih vrsta je jako važan za život ptica u gradu. U radu se prema primjeni bilja u prostoru navode specifične vrste prikladne za ptice. U provedbi očuvanja bioraznolikosti je vrlo važno informirati i educirati građane o predmetnoj problematici.
Climatic conditions are extremely important for the start and spread of forest fires. Flammability and the spread of fire are sensitive to the interactions of variables within ecosystems, such as ...weather, fuel, and topography. Certain variables are highly significant for forest fires and are applied in various models, particularly the moisture content of potential fuel, and its flammability or combustibility. However, such these models cannot determine the true values of the required variables, unlike actual empirical research. Areas with the highest number of fires show significant variability and differences in air temperature, humidity, and precipitation. These factors have a strong influence on flammability, combustibility, and moisture content of Mediterranean species. This study analyses the flammability and combustibility of two Mediterranean species important for the Adriatic area in Croatia: climazonal holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) and Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) as an important conifer for afforestation and reforestation. The results of linear correlation coefficients of flammability of these species at the studied localities show a statistically significant and very strong correlation between flammability and the moisture content of the tested sample, with the exception of Aleppo pine on the island of Rab. The analysis of variance of combustibility showed that there were no statistically significant differences between nearly all variables tested. The results indicate the significant effect of live fuel moisture content on the flammability and combustibility of natural fuels.
One of the suggested management options for reducing fire danger is the selection of less flammable plant species. Nevertheless, vegetation flammability is both complex and dynamic, making ...identification of such species challenging. While large efforts have been made to connect plant traits to fire behavior, seasonal changes and within species variability of traits are often neglected. Currently, even the most sophisticated fire danger systems presume that intrinsic characteristics of leaf litter stay unchanged, and plant species flammability lists are often transferred from one area to another. In order to assess if these practices can be improved, we performed a study examining the relationship between morphological characteristics and flammability parameters of leaf litter, thereby taking into account seasonal and local variability. Litter from six Mediterranean tree species was sampled throughout the fire season from three different locations along a climate gradient. Samples were subjected to flammability testing involving an epiradiator operated at 400 °C surface temperature with 3 g sample weight. Specific leaf area, fuel moisture content, average area, and average mass of a single particle had significant influences on flammability parameters. Effects of sampling time and location were significant as well. Due to the standardized testing conditions, these effects could be attributed to changes in intrinsic characteristics of the material. As the aforementioned effects were inconsistent and species specific, these results may potentially limit the generalization of species flammability rankings. Further research is necessary in order to evaluate the importance of our findings for fire danger modeling.
O nastanku gradskog parka Hober ima malo novijih radova koji se uglavnom temelje na prijepisima onih prijašnjih. Od vremena nastanka do danas prostor gradskog parka, danas i park-šume Hober, ...doživljava niz promjena uvjetovanih različitim društveno-ekonomskim i prirodnim okolnostima koje su se događale kroz povijest, a koje se događaju i danas. Prostor Hobera prolazi kroz različite razvojne faze, od prirodne šume iz koje nastaje preko gradskog parka koji se održava i njeguje, sve do razine zakonske zaštite u park-šumu. Godine 1969. je sukladno
Odluci o proglašenju gradskog parka u Korčuli rezervatom prirodnog predjela
, Hober zaštićen prema Zakonu o zaštiti prirode u kategoriji
park-šuma
. Nakon zakonske zaštite slijedi najveće njegovo zapuštanje. Gubitak identiteta gradskog parka i park-šume Hober događa se dugi niz godina kao posljedica nedostatka neophodnih mjera održavanja, uslijed širenja naselja i izostanka potreba i kulture građana, što uvjetuje njegovu degradaciju i gubitak kompozicijske osnove. Nedostatak istraživanja i naklonosti za obnovom i uređenjem ovog vrijednog prostora dovelo je zone ugroženosti sve do samih granica parka ali i unutar njega. Grad Korčula prepoznaje vrijednosti gradskog parka Hober koji traže adekvatnu valorizaciju i obnovu. Unatoč tomu, područje Hobera i gradskog parka ima značajnu biološko-ekološku, prostornu, estetsku, rekreacijsku i turističku važnost u kontekstu grada Korčule.
Cilj je rada inventarizirati, analizirati i valorizirati postojeće stanje park-šume Hober i cjelokupnog prostora Hobera u odnosu na stanje kroz povijest i danas, te obrazložiti njegovu vrijednost i mogućnosti uređenja i obnove. Kroz istraživanja je obuhvaćeno prikupljanje postojeće arhivske građe, dokumentacije, kartografskih prikaza i katastarskih podloga vezanih za park. Kompleksno terensko istraživanje je obuhvaćalo i inventarizaciju te analizu postojećeg stanja parka, vrtno-arhitektonskih i biološko-ekoloških elemenata. Na osnovi provedenih istraživanja određena su područja prirodnog i kulturnog krajobraza na istraživanom području. Odabrani su kriteriji koji najcjelovitije prezentiraju istraživano područje. Definiranjem zajedničkih mjerila za određivanje krajobraznih vrijednosti za oba tipa krajobraza, njihova usporedba daje potpuni pregled vrijednosti i mogućeg vrednovanja svakog posebno i njihovu biološko-ekološku i socio-gospodarsku cjelovitost. Ocjene mjerila krajobraznih vrijednosti ujedno predstavljaju na određeni način njihovu osjetljivost na promjene i negativne utjecaje. Svrha dane
klasifikacije i vrednovanja istraživanih krajobraza trebaju biti preporuke pomoću kojih se donose dugoročne strategije razvoja i korištenja.
Uređenjem i obnovom parka treba naglasiti sve njegove vrijednosti koje se trebaju valorizirati u širem kontekstu Hobera. Dobiveni rezultati daju doprinos postizanja ravnoteže između zaštite i razvoja.
The number of recent papers about the establishment of Hober City Park in Korčula is small and they are primarily based on copies of the previous papers. Since its inception, both the area of the City Park and currently also Hober Forest Park have seen a wide range of changes caused by different social and economic, as well as natural circumstances that occurred both throughout history and to date. The Hober area has passed through different development stages, from a natural forest from which it developed, through the city park that was maintained and cared for until it reached the level of legal protection in the Forest Park. In 1969, in accordance with the
Decision on the Declaration of the City Park in Korčula a Natural Landscape Reserve
, Hober was protected in accordance with Nature Protection Act in the Forest Park Category. After, legal protection was followed by its neglect. The loss of identity of the City Park and Hober Forest Park has been occurring for a large number of years as a consequence of a lack of the necessary maintenance measures, amid the expansion of the settlements and a lack both of the needs and culture of the citizens, which caused its degradation and the loss of its compositional basis. A lack of research and propensity towards renovation and landscaping of this valuable area resulted in an endangered zone both inside the park and to its very boundaries. The City of Korčula recognises the value of Hober City Park. Nevertheless, the areas of Hober and the City Park have a vital importance from the aspect of biology and ecology, as well as from spatial, aesthetic, recreational and tourism aspect in the context of the City of Korčula.
The aim of this paper is to inventory, analyze and valorize the current state of the Hober park-forest and the entire Hober area in relation to its condition throughout history and nowadays and explain its value and the possibilities for landscaping and renovation. The research included the collection of the existing archival materials, documentation, cartographic images and cadastral databases linked with the Park. A complex field research also included making of an inventory and analysis of the pre-existing condition of the Park, as well as both of its garden and architectural components and its biological and ecological components.
On the basis of the conducted research, there were determined areas of natural and cultural landscape in the researched area. The criteria that most comprehensively represent the research area was selected. By means of defining common criteria for determining the landscape values for both types of landscapes, with their comparison we have a complete overview of the values and possible evaluation of each one separately, and also of their biological-ecological and socio-economic integrity. In a certain way, estimates of landscape values also represent their sensitivity to changes and negative impacts. The purpose of the given classification and evaluation of the researched landscapes should be the recommendations by means of which long-term strategies of development and usage are to be adopted.
By the arrangement and renovation of the park it should be emphasized all of its values that need to be valorised in the broader context of Hober. The obtained results on such a way, contribute to achievement of a balance between protection and development.
O nastanku gradskog parka Hober ima malo novijih radova koji se uglavnom temelje na prijepisima onih prijašnjih. Od vremena nastanka do danas prostor gradskog parka, danas i park-šume Hober, ...doživljava niz promjena uvjetovanih različitim društveno-ekonomskim i prirodnim okolnostima koje su se događale kroz povijest, a koje se događaju i danas. Prostor Hobera prolazi kroz različite razvojne faze, od prirodne šume iz koje nastaje preko gradskog parka koji se održava i njeguje, sve do razine zakonske zaštite u park-šumu. Godine 1969. je sukladno Odluci o proglašenju gradskog parka u Korčuli rezervatom prirodnog predjela, Hober zaštićen prema Zakonu o zaštiti prirode u kategoriji park-šuma. Nakon zakonske zaštite slijedi najveće njegovo zapuštanje. Gubitak identiteta gradskog parka i park-šume Hober događa se dugi niz godina kao posljedica nedostatka neophodnih mjera održavanja, uslijed širenja naselja i izostanka potreba i kulture građana, što uvjetuje njegovu degradaciju i gubitak kompozicijske osnove. Nedostatak istraživanja i naklonosti za obnovom i uređenjem ovog vrijednog prostora dovelo je zone ugroženosti sve do samih granica parka ali i unutar njega. Grad Korčula prepoznaje vrijednosti gradskog parka Hober koji traže adekvatnu valorizaciju i obnovu. Unatoč tomu, područje Hobera i gradskog parka ima značajnu biološko-ekološku, prostornu, estetsku, rekreacijsku i turističku važnost u kontekstu grada Korčule. Cilj je rada inventarizirati, analizirati i valorizirati postojeće stanje park-šume Hober i cjelokupnog prostora Hobera u odnosu na stanje kroz povijest i danas, te obrazložiti njegovu vrijednost i mogućnosti uređenja i obnove. Kroz istraživanja je obuhvaćeno prikupljanje postojeće arhivske građe, dokumentacije, kartografskih prikaza i katastarskih podloga vezanih za park. Kompleksno terensko istraživanje je obuhvaćalo i inventarizaciju te analizu postojećeg stanja parka, vrtno-arhitektonskih i biološko-ekoloških elemenata. Na osnovi provedenih istraživanja određena su područja prirodnog i kulturnog krajobraza na istraživanom području. Odabrani su kriteriji koji najcjelovitije prezentiraju istraživano područje. Definiranjem zajedničkih mjerila za određivanje krajobraznih vrijednosti za oba tipa krajobraza, njihova usporedba daje potpuni pregled vrijednosti i mogućeg vrednovanja svakog posebno i njihovu biološko-ekološku i socio-gospodarsku cjelovitost. Ocjene mjerila krajobraznih vrijednosti ujedno predstavljaju na određeni način njihovu osjetljivost na promjene i negativne utjecaje. Svrha dane klasifikacije i vrednovanja istraživanih krajobraza trebaju biti preporuke pomoću kojih se donose dugoročne strategije razvoja i korištenja. Uređenjem i obnovom parka treba naglasiti sve njegove vrijednosti koje se trebaju valorizirati u širem kontekstu Hobera. Dobiveni rezultati daju doprinos postizanja ravnoteže između zaštite i razvoja.
Sustavnih istraživanja biološko-ekoloških obilježja cjelokupnog područja i same park-šume Hober nije bilo do sada. Strukturna obilježja sastojine nalazimo tek u
Planu gospodarenja za park-šumu Hober ...(2006-2015)
. Šumarsku problematiku nalazimo u radu Vojinovića (1997). Dendrološka istraživanja imamo u radovima Denich i Draganović (1985), Vojinović (1997),Fabris (2001), Onofri (2002). Izostala je njegova cjelovita inventarizacija.
Današnje stanje park-šume Hober karakterizira njegova zapuštenost i neuređenost kako šumske vegetacije i dendrološko-hortikulturnih, tako i vrtno-arhitektonskih sadržaja. Prisutna je koncepcijska nedefiniranost cjelokupnog područja Hobera.
Park-šuma Hober u vegetacijskom smislu pripada šumskoj zajednici šuma alepskog bora i hrasta crnike (
Querco ilicis – Pinetum halepensis
Loisel 1971). Upravo iz razloga vegetacijske i strukturne neujednačenosti, postavljeno je 7 pokusnih ploha u samoj park-šumi, te još 4 izvan nje. Cilj je detaljnom vegetacijskom i strukturnom analizom izdvojiti pojedina područja, dati njihov opis i prikazati njihovo stanje, što se kasnije može upotrijebiti u svrhu zoniranja prostora.
Analizirana istraživanja pokazuju da u sloju drveća alepski bor prevladava na plohama 1,2,3 i 9; crnika na plohama 4 i 5 te obični čempres na plohama 6 i 7. U sloju grmlja najzastupljenija je lemprika koja dolazi na svim plohama. Zatim su tu širokolisna zelenika i tršlja. Iz tablice 2 vidimo da je na svim plohama pokrovnost vegetacijom potpuna osim na plohi 6, gdje je rijetka makija. Sloj drveća je prevladavajući osim na plohama 8, 10 i 11, gdje je prisutna makija. Zamjetno je da je kod razvijenih sastojina podjednako gust sloj drveća i grmlja. Tu odstupaju plohe 6 i dijelom ploha 9 te plohe 10 gdje je makija te ploha 11 koja je prirodna sukcesija šumske vegetacije na zapuštenim poljoprivrednim površinama. Osim kod makije imamo vrlo visok drvni volumen (drvna zaliha) koji se ovisno o razvoju sastojine kreće od 100 do čak 270 m3/ha. Broj stabala je isto vrlo velik i kreće se od 1000 do 2700 po ha. Svi ti podaci ukazuju na neuređenost i izostanak bilo kakvih uzgojnih radova.
Cilj ovog rada je istražiti vegetacijska, dendrološka, šumsko-uzgojna i strukturna obilježja cjelokupnog područja Hober. Ona su primarni pokazatelj stanje i dat će smjernice za njegovu buduću biološku i prostornu valorizaciju.
A systematic research of biological and ecological characteristics of the overall Hober area and Hober forest park itself has not been performed thus far. Structural characteristics of the stand were included only in
The Management Plan for Hober Forest Park (2006-2015)
. Forestry issues were addressed in the paper by Vojinović (1997). Dendrological research was included in the papers by Denich and Draganović (1985), Vojinović (1997), Fabris (2001) and Onofri (2002). Its overall inventory records are missing.
The current condition of Hober forest park is characterised by its neglect and no landscape design in terms of both forest vegetation, dendrological, horticultural and garden and architectural content. Moreover, there is conceptual indefiniteness of the overall Hober area.
Hober forest park in terms of vegetation belongs to the forest community of the Aleppo pine and Holm oak (
Querco ilicis – Pinetum halepensis
Loisel 1971). It is primarily due to vegetative and structural unevenness that 7 experimental surfaces were placed in the forest park itself and 4 more outside of it. A comprehensive vegetation and structural analysis was intended for the selection of individual areas, in order to provide their description and present their condition, which can subsequently be used for the purpose of zoning the area.
According to the analysed research the Aleppo pine prevails in the layer of trees on the surfaces 1, 2, 3 and 9; Holm oak on the surfaces 4 and 5 and Common cypress on the surfaces 6 and 7. Laurestine is the most common species in the shrub layer, which appears on all the surfaces. Then there are green olive trees with broad leaves and mastic trees. The tree layer prevails with the exception of the surfaces 8, 10 and 11 where there is maquis. It is evident that in developed stands the tree layer and the shrub layer are almost equally dense. The latter is not the case on the surface 6, partially on the surface 9 and the surface 10 where maquis prevails and the surface 11, which is a natural succession of forest vegetation on abandoned agricultural surfaces. With the exception of maquis, there is a very high wood volume which, depending on stand development, ranges from 100 to even 270 m3/ha. The number of trees is also very large and it ranges from 1,000 to 2,700 per hectare. All this data indicates no landscape design and absence of any silvicultural work.
The objective of this paper is to explore vegetative, dendrological, silvicultural and structural characteristics of the overall Hober area. They are the primary indicators of the condition and will provide the guidelines for its future biological and spatial valorisation.
Hrast crnika (
Quercus ilex
L.) je temeljna autohtona šumska vrsta eumediteranskog područja Hrvatske. Hrast crnika pridolazi u svim uzgojnim oblicima i degradacijskim stadijima, a makije i garizi su ...najčešći degradacijski stadiji crnikovih šuma. Nekontroliranim sječama sastojina sjemenjača i njihovim prevođenjem u degradacijske stadije, mijenjamo mikroklimu određene sastojine. Mikroklimatska istraživanja obavljena su na području otoka Mljeta. Mjerenja su obavljena u šumi hrasta crnike, u degradacijskim stadijima makija i garig te u šumi alepskog bora s hrastom crnikom. Tijekom dvije godine mjerena je temperatura zraka (°C), temperatura tla (°C), oborine (mm), relativna vlaga zraka (%) te volumetrijska vlaga tla (%). Potencijalna evapotranspiracija je izračunata prema metodi Blanea i Criddle. Vodni deficit tijekom sušnog perioda izračunat je kao razlika mjesečne količine oborine (mm) i potencijalne evapotranspiracije (mm). Najveća kolebanja mikroklimatskih elemenata su izmjerena u degradacijskim stadijima hrasta crnike. Najveća apsolutna maksimalna temperatura zraka izmjerena je u stadiju garig, a najveća minimalna u stadiju makije.
Prosječne vrijednosti temperatura zraka i tla, oborine i potencijalne evapotranspiracije su bile najveće u stadiju gariga, a najmanje u stadiju makije. Prosječna vrijednost relativne vlage zraka je imala najveću vrijednost u visokoj šumi hrasta crnike. Prosječna volumetrijska vlaga tla je bila najveća u makiji (14,28 %), a najmanja u stadiju gariga (9,46 %). Vodni deficit u sušnom peridou bio je najveći u stadiju gariga (-73,95 mm), a najmanji u stadiju makije (-60,38 mm). Mikroklimatske prilike u degradacijskom stadiju gariga su nepovoljne za rast i razvoj hrasta crnike u odnosu na mikroklimatske prilike u sastojini visokog uzgojnog oblika. Prosječne vrijednosti mikroklimatskih elemenata u sastojini alepskog bora s hrastom crnikom bile su između prosječnih vrijednosti mikroklimatskih elemenata sastojine gariga i makije. Analiza ovih podataka mikroklime služi boljem poznavanju ekoloških prilika šumskih staništa.
Maquis and garrigue are the most common degradation stages of Holm oak forests in Croatia. Disorganized and uncontrolled cutting degrades forests and changes their microclimates. Measurements were conducted in a Holm oak forest in the maquis and garrigue degradation stages, and in an Aleppo pine forest with Holm oak. The highest variations of microclimate elements were measured in the degradation stages of Holm oak. The average air and soil temperatures, precipitation, and potential evapotranspiration were highest in the garrigue stage and lowest in the maquis stage. The average volumetric soil water content was highest in the maquis stage (14.28%) and lowest in the garrigue stage (9.46%). The dry season water deficit was highest in the garrigue stage (-73.95 mm) and lowest in the maquis (-60.38 mm). Microclimate conditions in the garrigue degradation stage are less favorable for the growth and development of Holm oak than in high forest stands. The average values of microclimate elements in the Aleppo pine forest stand with Holm oak were within the average range of the microclimate elements of garrigue and maquis.
In the recent decades changes in fire regimes led to higher vulnerability of fire prone ecosystems, with vegetation being the only component influencing fire regime which can be managed in order to ...reduce probability of extreme fire events. For these management practices to be effective reliable information on the vegetation flammability is being crucial. Epiradiator based testing methods are one of the methods commonly used to investigate vegetation flammability and decrease in ignition frequency is always interpreted as a decrease in flammability. Furthermore, gathered information is often combined into a single flammability score. Here we present results of leaf litter testing which, together with previously conducted research on similar materials, show that material with very low ignition frequency under certain testing conditions can be extremely flammable if testing conditions are slightly changed. Additionally, our results indicate that combining measured information into one single flammability score, even though sometimes useful, is not always meaningful and should be performed with caution.
Žižula (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) je mediteranska voćna vrsta koja svojim ukrasnim i oblikovnim karakteristikama upotpunjuje pejsažnu sliku urbanog prostora grada Skradina. Na području Skradina ova ...kultura je posađena u sklopu kućnih vrtova i samostalnih voćnjaka. Danas na području grada Skradina kuća s vrtom sve više poprima gradska obilježja i udaljava se od tradicionalnog seoskog vrta. Tradicija uzgoja žižule je prvenstveno u gospodarske svrhe (radi ploda), premda je poznato da se zbog izuzetne ljekovitosti od žižule mogu još koristiti listovi i kora. Cilj rada bila je valorizacija utilitarnih i ukrasnih vrtova te voćnjaka (sveukupno 36) na području grada Skradina u kojima je posađena žižula. Kroz anketno istraživanje u uzorku od 50 ispitanika s područja grada Skradina istražili su se stavovi i percepcije o ukrasnim karakteristikama, primjeni, održavanju i ulozi žižule u gospodarstvu Skradina. Terenskim istraživanjima je utvrđeno da su za krajobrazno uređenje i oblikovanje vrtova s žižulom najveće ocijene postigli ukrasni vrtovi u sklopu stambenog objekta. U pogledu zastupljenosti (pojavnosti) u vrtovima na ovom području prevladavaju utilitarne vrste. Najveći broj stabala žižule zabilježen je u voćnjacima bez stambenog objekta. Izvrsne ocijene su dodijeljene stablima žižule u okviru voćnjaka u sklopu stambenog objekta i utilitarnim vrtovima u sklopu stambenog objekta. Rezultati anketnog istraživanja pokazuju da je vegetativnim organima ove voćke u pogledu uresnosti dodijeljena ocjena izvrstan kao i njenoj ulozi u krajobraznoj slikovitosti. Ocjenjivači atraktivnijim smatraju primjenu žižule u vrtovima nego na javnim krajobraznim površinama i parkovima. Smatraju da ova kultura treba postati i skradinski brend.
Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is a Mediterranean fruit species that with its ornamental and design characteristics completes the landscape image of the urban space of the town of Skradin. In the area of Skradin this species has been planted in family house gardens and independent orchards. Nowadays family houses in the territory of the town of Skradin have been increasingly assuming urban features and departing from the traditional rural garden. The tradition of jujube cultivation is primarily for sale (for its fruit), although it is known that its leaves and bark can also be used because of their extremely beneficial medicinal properties. The specific objective of the paper was valorisation of utilitarian and decorative gardens and orchards (a total of 36) in the territory of the town of Skradin in which jujube had been planted. A survey research using the sample of 50 respondents from the territory of the town of Skradin explored attitudes and perceptions about ornamental characteristics, application, maintenance and the role of jujube in the economy of Skradin. According to field research findings, it was determined that ornamental gardens adjacent to a residential facility were given the highest grades for landscape architecture and garden design using jujube. According to prevalence in the gardens, utilitarian species prevail in this area. The highest number of jujube trees was recorded in orchards without an adjacent residential facility. Excellent grades were given to jujube trees in orchards adjacent to a residential facility and utilitarian gardens with an adjacent residential facility. According to survey research findings, vegetative organs of this fruit were given excellent grades in terms of ornamental features and its role in landscape picturesqueness. The evaluators deemed jujube tree more attractive in gardens rather than in public landscape spaces and parks. They believe that this species needs to become a Skradinian brand.
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