Dental health care workers, particularly dental medicine students (DMS), are at an increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aim of our study was to assess ...the level of knowledge on HBV and HCV, estimate needlestick injury (NSI) prevalence and reporting practice in DMS at the University of Zagreb, and analyze how enrolment in obligatory and supplemental courses affects knowledge and NSI reporting practice. The knowledge was assessed by our questionnaires based on the Centers for Disease Control general handouts. Additional information was collected to examine the prevalence and reporting practice of NSI. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis, independent-samples t-test, proportion analyses, and combined factor analyses of categorical and quantitative variables in SPSS and R. In total, 206 students participated in the survey. The overall level of HBV- and HCV-related knowledge was poor, with the mean scores of 61.90% and 51.35%, respectively. Moreover, students enrolled in the first year demonstrated significantly lower levels of knowledge in comparison with their older peers. Of all participants, 18.2% had sustained a NSI and the majority of them (78.95%) had never reported the injury. In conclusion, DMS have low levels of knowledge on important occupational pathogens and poor NSI reporting practice. Moreover, formal education in the current form has failed to significantly improve student competence and theoretical knowledge translates poorly into more conscientious injury reporting practice. We should look for a better way to increase student awareness and level of knowledge on this topic. Key words: Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Dental education; Needlestick injury; Occupational pathogens; Occupational health
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare syndrome characterized by signs of intestinal obstruction lasting for 6 months or more, in the absence of a definitive cause of obstruction. We ...report a case of CIPO in a 49-year-old female patient with a 6-month history of ongoing irregular bowel movements, manifested as constipation and diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pain and bloated feeling. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance enterography revealed focal thickening of a segment of the lienal flexure and intermittent areas of wider and narrower caliber along the sigmoid colon. No signs of a definitive cause of obstruction were found, but evidence for dolichosigma was revealed, which was later confirmed with colonoscopy. Due to persisting symptoms, the patient agreed to elective resection of the sigmoid colon. Following the procedure, symptoms regressed with a significant improvement in the quality of life. The patient has been regularly monitored in an outpatient setting and reports absence of the symptoms since the procedure. Pathophysiology of the resected section revealed more prominent lymphatic tissue, follicular arrangement, and reactively altered germinal centers, which can suggest CIPO.
The primary focus of the current study was to determine the potential benefits of supplementing sheep diet with white button mushrooms (WBM) in terms of growth, health and the kinetics of systemic ...CD4+ CD8+ memory T lymphocytes in lambs. Forty-five female lambs (Lika breed) were divided into three groups: A – the control group fed on a free-range pasture for the 222 days of the experiment, while groups B and C were housed in a separate facility for 42 days and fed either a commercial feed mixture (FM) or a FM supplemented with 15% of freshly prepared WBM, respectively, and ad libitum forage. For the remaining 180 days of the experiment, both groups (B and C) of lambs were kept free-range and fed pasture only. The lambs were monitored daily starting on Day 0 (or 90 days of age) before the treatments, weighed and blood sampled on Days 0, 21, 42 and 222, and were clinically observed for the incidence/severity of diarrhea and/or other signs of disease. In addition to morbidity, mortality was also monitored, and dead lambs were examined for gross pathology changes. The lambs fed FM supplemented with WBM (group C) had significantly higher body weight gain (P<0.05) on Days 42 and 222. They were neither diarrheic nor had any mortality cases throughout the experiment. Also, these lambs had a significantly increased (P<0.05) proportion of CD4+CD8+ T cells on Days 42 and 222. The data obtained supported our assumption of the efficacy of dietary WBM in the immunostimulation of CD4+CD8+ memory T lymphocytes in lambs, resulting in protection against on-farm diarrhea and providing an increased growth rate.
The objective of this study was to verify the presence of oxidative enzymes in the quadriceps femoris muscle of Lika Pramenka sheep and to evaluate the effect of supplement from button mushrooms, ...Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus), on the histochemical and morphological characteristics of the muscles. Fourteen oneyear-old Lika Pramenka sheep were randomly divided into two groups (control and experimental groups) comprising 7 animals each. The experiment was conducted over a period of 6 weeks of the winter feeding period. The control group of sheep was fed with a standard feed without antimicrobials or growth promoters. The experimental group was given the same feed but with an additional 1.5% of dry A. bisporus. During the experiment access to water and feed was ad libitum. Samples were tested for the size and type of muscle fibers, as well as for the presence of oxidative enzymes. The diameter of muscle fibers and histochemical reactions profiles were significantly greater in animals fed with the A. bisporus supplement. On the basis of the increased activity of oxidative enzymes, which resulted in pronounced cell metabolism and increased muscle mass, we conclude that A. bisporus displays growth promoter effects. Keywords: Agaricus bisporus, oxidative enzymes, Lika Pramenka sheep breed Cilj ovog istrazivanja bio je provjeriti prisutnost oksidativnih enzima u cetveroglavom bedrenom misicu (m. quadriceps femoris) ovaca pasmine Licka pramenka te procijeniti ucinak u hranu dodanog pripravka plemenite pecurke Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) na histokemijske i morfoloske karakteristike misica. Cetrnaest jednogodisnjih ovaca bilo je nasumicno odabrano i podijeljeno u dvije skupine (kontrolna i pokusna skupina) s po sedam zivotinja. Pokus je bio proveden tijekom 6 tjedana hranjenja. Kontrolna skupina bila je hranjena standardnom hranom, dok je pokusnoj skupini u standardnu hranu umjesano 1,5% suhog pripravka A. bisporus. Tijekom cijelog pokusnog razdoblja hrana i voda bile su zivotinjama dostupne ad libitum. Uzorci m. quadriceps femoris ovaca u pokusu bili su analizirani s obzirom na velicinu i tip misicnog vlakna, te na prisutnost oksidativnih enzima. Misicna vlakna vecih promjera i snaznije histokemijske reakcije zabiljezena su u ovaca hranjenih s dodatkom A. bisporus. Temeljem povecane aktivnosti oksidativnih enzima, sto je rezultiralo pojacanim stanicnim metabolizmom i povecanom misicnom masom ovaca hranjenih uz dodatak pripravka plemenite pecurke, mozemo zakljuciti da A. bisporus ima ucinak promotora rasta. Kljucne rijeci: Agaricus bisporus, oksidativni enzimi, ovce, Licka pramenka
Uloga vitamina D u ovaca Ružić, Marko; Shek Vugrovečki, Ana; Špoljarić, Daniel ...
Veterinarska stanica,
2023, Letnik:
54, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Nepotpuna prehrana životinja pa tako i ovaca, može dovesti do narušavanje homeostaze organizma, smanjenja proizvodnje, pojave bolesti pa i do uginuća. Vitamin D označava skupinu usko povezanih tvari ...koje posjeduju antirahitičnu aktivnost. Među vitaminima jedinstven je po tome što je jedini koji se u organizam ne unosi samo hranom (sijeno, a u mesojeda hrana animalnog podrijetla), već se u organizmu (koži) stvara i uz pomoć sunčeve svjetlosti. Uobičajeno je da pašno držane ovce rijetko kad trebaju dodatke vitamina D. To je stoga jer ovce ukoliko su izložene UVB zračenju, odnosno sunčevoj svjetlosti mogu nadoknaditi manjak vitamina D u hrani sintezom vitamina D unutar kože. No, ukoliko je izloženost ovaca suncu smanjena dugotrajnom naoblakom ili uzgojem u zatvorenom te kada je sadržaj vitamina D2 u hrani nizak, tada unesena količina vitamina D može biti nedostatna. U janjadi se deficit vitamina D očituje pojavom rahitisa, a u odraslih ovaca pojavom osteomalacije te hipokalcemije. U ovaca se obično javlja u kasnom graviditetu, ali je zabilježena i u životinja različite dobi. Slijedom svega navedenoga cilj je ovoga preglednoga rada je upoznati doktore veterinarske medicine s novim saznanjima o ulogama i metabolizmu vitamina D u ovaca te njegovom značenju za zdravlje i održavanje proizvodnih sposobnosti jedinke, odnosno stada.
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare syndrome characterized by signs of intestinal obstruction lasting for 6 months or more, in the absence of a definitive cause of obstruction. We ...report a case of CIPO in a 49-year-old female patient with a 6-month history of ongoing irregular bowel movements, manifested as constipation and diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pain and bloated feeling. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance enterography revealed focal thickening of a segment of the lienal flexure and intermittent areas of wider and narrower caliber along the sigmoid colon. No signs of a definitive cause of obstruction were found, but evidence for dolichosigma was revealed, which was later confirmed with colonoscopy. Due to persisting symptoms, the patient agreed to elective resection of the sigmoid colon. Following the procedure, symptoms regressed with a significant improvement in the quality of life. The patient has been regularly monitored in an outpatient setting and reports absence of the symptoms since the procedure. Pathophysiology of the resected section revealed more prominent lymphatic tissue, follicular arrangement, and reactively altered germinal centers, which can suggest CIPO. Key words: Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction; Dolichosigma; Constipation; Abdominal pain; Abdominal computed tomography; Abdominal magnetic resonance enterography Kronicna intestinalna pseudo-opstrukcija (KIPO) je vrlo rijedak sindrom obilje?en znakovima intestinalne opstrukcije koji traju 6 mjeseci ili du?e, a u odsutnosti definitivnog jasnog uzroka. U na?em prikazu slucaja radi se o 49-godi?njoj bolesnici koja je vi?e od 6 mjeseci imala stalne nepravilne stolice koje su se manifestirale izmjenom proljeva i konstipacije, a bile su pracene naduto?cu i bolovima u trbuhu. Ucinjenom obradom koja je ukljucivala kontrastnu kompjutoriziranu tomografiju i magnetsku enterografiju kod bolesnice je utvrdeno ?ari?no zadebljanje segmenta lienalne fleksure i isprekidana podrucja ?ireg i u?eg kalibra du? sigmoidnog kolona. Nije naden jasni uzrok opstrukcije, ali je otkrivena anatomska varijanta dolihosigme koja je kasnije potvrdena i kolonoskopijom. Zbog vrlo izra?enih dugotrajnih simptoma koji nisu regredirali na konzervativne metode lijecenja bolesnica je pristala na preporucenu elektivnu resekciju sigmoidnog kolona. Nakon zahvata simptomi su se povukli uz znacajno pobolj?anje kvalitete ?ivota, a bolesnica se redovito prati u gastroenterolo?koj ambulanti. Patohistolo?ki nalaz reseciranog dijela sigmoidnog kolona otkrio je istaknutije limfno tkivo, folikularni raspored i reaktivno promijenjene germinativne centre, ?to ide u prilog dijagnoze KIPO-a. Kljucne rijeci: Kronicna intestinalna pseudo-opstrukcija; Dolihosigma; Konstipacija; Bol u trbuhu; CT abdomena; MR abdomena; Elektivna resekcija sigmoidnog kolona
In diesem Beitrag wird die Einzigartigkeit der Forschungsinnovation vorgestellt, die im Rahmen des Projekts der Kroatischen Stiftung für Wissenschaft (HRZZ) "INNOVATIVE FUNKTIONELLE ...LAMMFLEISCHPRODUKTE" (IP-2016-06-3685) durchgeführt wurde. Wir glauben nämlich, dass unsere Projektinnovation, die in erster Linie das Ergebnis der im Rahmen des Forschungsprozesses des Projekts gewonnenen Erkenntnisse ist, auch ein Instrument zur Steigerung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und zur Förderung der Unternehmensentwicklung sein und somit zum wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Wohlergehen Kroatiens beitragen kann.
Questo documento presenterà l’unicità dell’innovazione delle ricerche svolte nell’ambito del progetto HRZZ “Prodotti funzionali innovativi a base di carne di agnello” (IP-2016-06-3685). Siamo, infatti, convinti che la nostra innovazione, che è innanzitutto il risultato delle conoscenze acquisite attraverso il processo di ricerca condotto nel corso del progetto, possa rappresentare anche uno strumento per aumentare la competitività e avviare lo sviluppo delle imprese, contribuendo così al miglioramento economico e sociale del Repubblica di Croazia.
Este documento presentará la singularidad de la innovación investigadora llevada a cabo en el marco del proyecto de la Fundación Científica de Croacia "Productos funcionales innovadores a partir de carne de cordero" (IP-2016-06-3685). Es decir, estamos convencidos de que la innovación de nuestro proyecto, que es principalmente el resultado del conocimiento adquirido a través del proceso de investigación del proyecto, también puede representar un instrumento para aumentar la competitividad e estimular el desarrollo de las empresas, contribuyendo así al bienestar económico y social de la República de Croacia.
U ovom radu predstaviti će se jedinstvenost inovacije istraživanja provedenih u okviru HRZZ projekta “Inovativni funkcionalni proizvodi od janjećeg mesa“ (IP-2016-06-3685). Naime, uvjerenja smo da naša projektna inovacija, koja je prvenstveno rezultat znanja stečenog kroz proces istraživanja projekta, može predstavljati i instrument za povećanje konkurentnost i pokretanje razvoja poduzeća te tako pridonijeti gospodarskom i društvenom boljitku R. Hrvatske.
This paper will present the uniqueness of the research innovation carried out within the framework of Croatian science foundation (CSF) project “INNOVATIVE FUNCTIONAL LAMB MEAT PRODUCTS" (IP-2016-06-3685). Namely, we believe that our project innovation, which is primarily the result of the knowledge gained through the project research process, can also be an instrument for increasing competitiveness and stimulating business development, thus contributing to Croatia's economic and social wellbeing.
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare syndrome characterized by signs of intestinal obstruction lasting for 6 months or more, in the absence of a definitive cause of obstruction. We ...report a case of CIPO in a 49-year-old female patient with a 6-month history of ongoing irregular bowel movements, manifested as constipation and diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pain and bloated feeling. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance enterography revealed focal thickening of a segment of the lienal flexure and intermittent areas of wider and narrower caliber along the sigmoid colon. No signs of a definitive cause of obstruction were found, but evidence for dolichosigma was revealed, which was later confirmed with colonoscopy. Due to persisting symptoms, the patient agreed to elective resection of the sigmoid colon. Following the procedure, symptoms regressed with a significant improvement in the quality of life. The patient has been regularly monitored in an outpatient setting and reports absence of the symptoms since the procedure. Pathophysiology of the resected section revealed more prominent lymphatic tissue, follicular arrangement, and reactively altered germinal centers, which can suggest CIPO.
The aim of this study was to determine technological properties and basic chemical composition of sheep meat. In this study a total of 50 sheep carcasses were used. The dietary groups were ...controlled, one group was fed a basal diet and the other group with diets containing 1.5 % dry supplement of Agaricus bisporus, during the 6 months of the winter feeding period. The meat pH, EC, color and chemical composition were measured 24 h post-mortem in the m. longissimus dorsi. Sheep fed with the addition of Agaricus bisporus had a significantly lower proportion of nutrients (fat and protein) and a significantly higher proportion of water compared with the control group of animals (P<0.001). In selected adult animals fed with a supplement of Agaricus bisporus the muscular region was darker (L.sup.*) with a higher degree of redness (a.sup.*) and a lower degree of yellowness (b.sup.*) in relation to the same muscular region of the control group. There were no significant differences in fatty acid composition between the groups. Key words: sheep, meat quality, dry supplement, Agaricus bisporus Cilj ovog istrazivanja bio je utvrditi tehnoloska svojstva te osnovni kemijski sastav mesa ovaca. U istrazivanju je bilo obuhvaceno ukupno 50 klaonicki obradenih ovcjih trupova. Pokusne zivotinje bile su podijeljene u dvije skupine pri cemu je kontrolnoj skupini (C) hranidba prilagodena samo za odrzavanje osnovnih zivotnih potreba, a drugoj (pokusnoj, A) skupini u hranu je dodavano 1,5 % osusenog pripravka plemenite pecurke Agaricus bisporus, tijekom 6 tjedana zimskog perioda. Boja, elektricna provodljivost, pH i kemijski sastav mesa odredivani su 24 sata nakon klanja na m. longissimus dorsi. Ovce hranjene dodatkom plemenite pecurke imale su znacajno manji udio hranjivih tvari (masti i bjelancevina) i znacajno veci udio vode u odnosu na kontrolnu skupinu (P<0,001). Misicna regija odabranih odraslih grla hranjenih pripravkom plemenite pecurke bila je tamnija (L.sup.*) s visim stupnjem crvenila (a.sup.*) i nizim stupnjem zutila (b.sup.*) u odnosu na misicnu regiju kontrolne skupine. Nije bilo znacajnih razlika masnokiselinskog sastava obiju skupina. Kljucne rijeci: ovca, kakvoca mesa, plemenita pecurka, Agaricus bisporus
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je provjeriti prisutnost oksidativnih enzima u četveroglavom bedrenom mišiću (m. quadriceps femoris) ovaca pasmine Lička pramenka te procijeniti učinak u hranu dodanog ...pripravka plemenite pečurke Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) na histokemijske i morfološke karakteristike mišića. Četrnaest jednogodišnjih ovaca bilo je nasumično odabrano i podijeljeno u dvije skupine (kontrolna i pokusna skupina) s po sedam životinja. Pokus je bio proveden tijekom 6 tjedana hranjenja. Kontrolna skupina bila je hranjena standardnom hranom, dok je pokusnoj skupini u standardnu hranu umješano 1,5% suhog pripravka A. bisporus. Tijekom cijelog pokusnog razdoblja hrana i voda bile su životinjama dostupne ad libitum. Uzorci m. quadriceps femoris ovaca u pokusu bili su analizirani s obzirom na veličinu i tip mišićnog vlakna, te na prisutnost oksidativnih enzima. Mišićna vlakna većih promjera i snažnije histokemijske reakcije zabilježena su u ovaca hranjenih s dodatkom A. bisporus. Temeljem povećane aktivnosti oksidativnih enzima, što je rezultiralo pojačanim staničnim metabolizmom i povećanom mišićnom masom ovaca hranjenih uz dodatak pripravka plemenite pečurke, možemo zaključiti da A. bisporus ima učinak promotora rasta.
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