A series of borate glass (80-y)B2O3-10ZnO-10CdO-yBaO, where 10 ≤ y ≤ 30, was synthesized by the melt quench method. The durability and optical features were explored to study the structural features. ...The sample S2 appears the highest durability than other samples. Several optical parameters were determined, such as bandgap, refractive index, reflection loss, metallization, and cutoff wavelength; these parameters show a good relationship with durability. Moreover, comprehensive radiation shielding properties, including gamma, neutron, and proton, were computed theoretically. The mass attenuation coefficient (MAC)theoretical was defined by using the XCOM program, the (MAC)theoretical was compared with MCNP values, and the acquired results show excellent compatibility. The sample S5 gives the best sheilding properties for gamma and proton radiations. While, S1 sample provides the highest neutron shielding features. Finally, it can be concluded that the fabricated glass samples can be used as a shielding substance for proton, neutron, and gamma-ray.
To study non-traditional glass materials, this investigation created four glass samples composed of (70-x)B2O3–20TeO2-10GeO2-xMgO, where x represents the percentage of MgO with values of 20, 25, 30, ...and 35 mol%. Glasses with high transparency were produced via the accepted melt quenching and annealing method. The samples underwent X-ray diffraction analysis to confirm their glassy structure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was utilized to examine the glass network's various structural groups. The measuring methodology and theoretical calculations were used to calculate a range of physical and mechanical parameters. The cut-off wavelength, as well as the direct and indirect bandgap, and other optical characteristics of the S1–S4 samples were observed using optical absorption. The work utilized Phy-X to acquire the ionizing absorption parameters. The paper demonstrates various glasses' radiation shielding properties, including the effective atomic number, half- and tenth-value layers, linear attenuation coefficient, mass attenuation coefficient, and mean free path.
In the present work, we investigate the structural, electronic and shielding properties of a series of BaSn1-xZnxO3 (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) ceramic samples prepared using the conventional ...solid-state reaction. We use the Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to delineate the structure, while the diffuse reflectance (R) spectra were used to determine the bandgap. The Rietveld refinement of the XRD patterns showed the emergence of a majority of cubic structures with the Pm-3m space group. The FTIR spectra for all-ceramic samples display three bonds around 613, 1066, and 1425 cm−1 that corresponded with the stretching vibration of Sn–O, δ(SnOH) vibration, and the existence of C–O vibration, respectively. The bandgap enhanced gradually from 3.14 to 3.18 eV with increasing ZnO. The radiation shielding properties of the prepared samples have been investigated experimentally then we benchmarked the results with the theoretical values, and the maximum relative difference (RD) is 6.290. Consequently, we theoretically explored the rest of the radiation shielding parameters, including linear attenuation coefficient, equivalent atomic number, mean free path, transmission factor, electron density, electron conductivity, and neutron removal cross-section. All the radiation-shielding properties showed a gradual reduction with the addition of ZnO to the ceramic system, while the neutron removal cross-section showed a gradual enhancement. Accordingly, it is deduced that the present samples can be used in the radiation-shielding field.
•Different perovskite ceramic samples were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method.•The XRD and FTIR equipments were utilized to explore the structural properties.•The shielding properties were investigated experimentally and theoretically.
The objective of this study is to prepare SiO
2
-B
2
O
3
-Na
2
O-PbO glass systems and to study the radiation shielding properties of the prepared glasses. The Monte Carlo simulation (MCNP5 code) was ...used to simulate the mass attenuation coefficient for the prepared glasses. The results demonstrated a positive relationship between the PbO content and the density of the glasses. The density of the prepared glasses varied between 2.823 and 4.199 g/cm
3
for the glasses with 5 and 25 mo% of PbO. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) of the prepared glasses were obtained using both MCNP-5 and XCOM, and the difference between the LAC values always remains less than ± 2.1%, with the highest difference occurring at 1.173 MeV. The half value layer (HVL) of the glasses was determined and the results showed that the glass with the highest PbO content has the lowest HVL at all energies. The lead equivalent thickness (Δ
eq
) results demonstrated that the glass with 25 mol% of PbO has the most desirable shielding properties, due to the smaller thickness needed to have a comparable shielding ability to pure lead. The transmission factor (TF) for glasses with thickness of 1 cm is determined and the TF values at all energies follow the order of SBNP-5 > SBNP-10 > SBNP-15 > SBNP-20 > SBNP-25.
This work aims to explore the radiation shielding and structural features for a new glass composition 10SrO–20CdO–
x
MoO
3
–(70 −
x
) B
2
O
3
where 0 ˂
x
< 20 mol% that fabricated via conventional ...melt-quench method. The amorphous behavior for vitreous samples was obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the vibration for functional group BO
3
and BO
4
was achieved by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). FTIR results appear the transformation from BO
4
to BO
3
with the addition of MoO
3
. Moreover, several optical and physical features were defined for evaluation of the glass structure. On the other hands, the gamma and neutron shielding parameters were defined by utilizing the Phy-X program. The impact of MoO
3
is evident on the neutron and gamma shielding properties. The fast neutron removal cross-section (Σ
R
) and mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) showed a progressive enhancement with adding the MoO
3
instead of B
2
O
3
. In conclusion, adding the MoO
3
to the glass system enhanced the neutron and gamma shielding features, so it is recommended to use this glass system as a radiation shielding substance.
Six borate and silica glasses with varying compositions were investigated for their mechanical and radiation shielding viability. Makishima-Mackenzie elastic model was utilized to study the elastic ...properties of the investigated glasses. The obtained results illustrated that PbO and Bi2O3 oxides reduced the glass samples' mechanical properties. For instance, the bulks' model decreased between 68.15 and 44.10 GPa, the shear model also followed the same trend and decreased from 31.95 to 23.33 GPa, reducing the PbO and Bi2O3 ratios in the studied glass samples. Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP-5) was utilized to evaluate the investigated glasses' shielding capacity. The obtained results depict that the highest linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) occurred at 0.356 MeV; it takes values 0.618, 1.024, 1.161, 1.271, 1.963, and 2.071 cm−1 for G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6. Based on the simulated values of LAC, other shielding properties such as transmission rate (TR), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), half-value layer (HVL) were evaluated. The calculated results illustrated that the shielding properties enhanced with Bi2O3 and PbO insertion ratios.
Three zinc barium-borate glasses were produced in the current work, incorporating different metal oxides (MO) (CaO, TiO2, and CuO) via the melt quenching technique under a 1100 °C melting temperature ...for 60 min. The fabricated samples' density is 4.112 g/cm3, 4.157 g/cm3, and 4.261 g/cm3 for glasses dopped with CaO, TiO2, and CuO, respectively. Additionally, the Makishima-Mackenzie model was employed to evaluate the effect of metal oxides on the fabricated glasses' mechanical properties. The study shows that the glasses with TiO2 have the highest mechanical moduli and microhardness which reach 4.67 GPa. The gamma-ray shielding properties in the 0.033–2.506 MeV energy interval were estimated by applying Monte Carlo simulation. The study demonstrates that the glass samples containing CuO exhibit the highest linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) when compared to the glasses containing Ca and TiO2 compounds. The LAC of the CuO-doped glasses varied between 28.367 cm−1 and 0.163 cm−1 when the photon energy was raised between 0.033 MeV and 2.506 MeV. Also, the study shows good shielding parameters (half-value layer, lead's equivalent thickness, and radiation protection efficiency) for the glasses doped CuO compared to glasses doped Ca and TiO2.
•Zinc barium-borate glasses were prepared for radiation shielding applications.•The gamma-ray shielding properties in the 0.033–2.506 MeV energy range were estimated.•The glass containing CuO exhibits the highest LAC when compared to other glasses.
A new series of xMoO3-70-xTeO2-20BaO-10SrO glass samples where 0 ≤ x ≤ 20 was synthesized by the melt quench method. The current samples investigated the optical, structural, mechanical and radiation ...shielding features. The FTIR spectroscopy shows the broad peaks ranging from 487 to 817 cm-1 corresponding to overlapping between stretching vibrations of Te–O vibration stretching vibrations in TeO4 and asymmetrical stretching vibrations of the TeO3 trigonal structural units. The band gap shows a gradual reduction with an increasing MoO3 ratio. All mechanical features such as dissociation energy per unit volume (Gt) and packing density (Vt), Young (E), Bulk (B), Shear (S), and Longitudinal (L) exhibit gradual increment with rising MoO3 concentration. Simultaneously, the radiation shielding properties were assessed experimentally within the energy range from 0.184 to 0.810 MeV. The relative differences between the theoretical and experimental values record values range from 0 to 6.81, and these results are acceptable. On the other side, the radiation shielding features were enhanced with rising MoO3. The current samples can be nominated as radiation shielding materials based on acquired results.
This study investigates the effect of adding TeO2 instead of B2O3 in a glass system containing a fixed amount of Al2O3, MoO3, and SrO as modifiers. The present work included the impact of the ...addition of TeO2 on radiation and mechanical properties theoretically. The shielding properties were calculated based on XCOM data, and mechanical properties were computed based Makishima-Mackenzie’s model. The addition of TeO2 reduced the packing density gradually. Besides, Young’s longitudinal, shear, and bulk moduli showed the same behavior. In contrast, the density and shielding properties enhanced progressively with increasing TeO2 instead B2O3, like mass attenuation coefficient, transmission factor, effective atomic number, radiation protection efficiency, charged particle range, etc. It can be concluded that adding TeO2 reduced the glass elasticity and enhanced radiation shielding features, leading to potential utilization in the gamma and charged particle shielding scope.
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