Severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) cases are overgrowing globally and now become a pandemic. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of age, sex, comorbidities, and ...clinical characteristics on the severity of COVID-19 to help diagnose and evaluate the current outbreak in clinical decision-making.
PubMed, ScienceDirect, and BMC were searched to collect data about demographic, clinical characteristics, and comorbidities of COVID-19 patients. Meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.3. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test and Begg-Mazumdar's rank correlation.
Fifty-five studies were included in this meta-analysis, including 10014 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Male cases and cases with an age of ≥50 years (OR = 2.41, p < 0.00001; RR = 3.36, p = 0.0002, respectively) were severely affected by SARS-CoV-2. Patients having age≥65 years are not associated (p = 0.110) with the severity of COVID-19. Presence of at least one comorbidity or hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disease, malignancy, chronic kidney disease and chronic liver diseases individually increased the severity of COVID-19 cases significantly (OR = 3.13, p < 0.00001; OR = 2.35, p < 0.00001; OR = 2.42, p < 0.00001; OR = 3.78, p < 0.00001; OR = 3.33, p < 0.00001; OR = 2.58, p < 0.00001; OR = 2.32, p < 0.00001; OR = 2.27, p = 0.0007; OR = 1.70, p = 0.003, respectively). Clinical manifestation such as fever, cough, fatigue, anorexia, dyspnea, chest tightness, hemoptysis, diarrhea and abdominal pain (OR = 1.68, p = 0.0001; OR = 1.41, p = 0.004; OR = 1.26, p = 0.03; OR = 2.38, p < 0.0001; OR = 4.30, p < 0.00001; OR = 2.11, p = 0.002; OR = 4.93, p < 0.0001; OR = 1.35, p = 0.03; OR = 2.38, p = 0.008, respectively) were significantly associated with the severity of cases. No association of severity was found with myalgia, pharyngalgia, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness and sore throat (p > 0.05). No publication bias was found in case of age (≥50 years, age≥65 years), comorbidities and clinical manifestations.
Males patients and elderly or older patients (age ≥50 years) are at higher risk of developing severity, whereas comorbidities and clinical manifestations could significantly affect the prognosis and severity of COVID-19.
Microbiology; Virology; Viral disease; Travel medicine; Critical care; Health informatics; Covid-19; Pneumonia; Meta-analysis; Severe; Nonsevere; Risk factor; Comorbidity; Clinical manifestation
•Role of IL10 variants in Bangladeshi cervical cancer patients was evaluated by ARMS-PCR.•Significantly increased cervical cancer risk was found for rs1800872 and rs1800896.•Haplotype analysis found ...a strong linkage disequilibrium between two SNPs.•An upregulated IL10 mRNA level was found in silico in cervical cancer tissues.
Cervical cancer is one of the most destructive diseases among females worldwide, especially in developing countries. Interleukin-10 (IL10) is a multifunctional cytokine, and polymorphisms in the IL10 gene have been identified in multiple malignancies. However, no prior studies were conducted to determine the association of IL10 polymorphisms (rs1800872 and rs1800896) with cervical cancer patients in Bangladesh.
This case-control study was carried out on 240 cervical cancer patients and 204 healthy volunteers. Genotyping was performed using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR).
In the case of rs1800872, CA and AA genotypes significantly increased the risk of cervical cancer (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.01–2.49, p = 0.043; OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.53–4.93, p = 0.0007, respectively) but the significance did not exist for CA genotype after Bonferroni correction (p < 0.025). An increased risk was also observed for the dominant model, recessive model, and allele model (A vs. C) of rs1800872 (dominant model: OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.18–2.80, p = 0.006; recessive model: OR = 2.00, 95% CI = 1.22–3.29, p = 0.006; allele model: OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.19–2.03, p = 0.001) which remained significant after the correction of Bonferroni. For rs1800896, only GG genotype and recessive model showed increased risk for cervical cancer (GG vs. AA: OR = 3.48, 95% CI = 1.46–8.31, p = 0.005; recessive model: OR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.52–8.38, p = 0.003). These associations were statistically significant, and the significance existed after Bonferroni correction. Haplotype analysis revealed that AA haplotype significantly increased the risk (OR = 1.56, p = 0.001) whereas, CA haplotype significantly lowered the risk (OR = 0.42, p = 2.42x10-8), and both rs1800872 and rs1800896 are strongly in linkage disequilibrium (D’=1, r2 = 0.333). Moreover, the IL10 mRNA level was found up-regulated in silico in cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared to healthy tissues (p = 1.11x10-16).
Our study suggests that rs1800872 and rs1800896 polymorphisms of IL10 gene are associated with cervical cancer in Bangladeshi females.
Preeclampsia is a serious medical condition that significantly affects expectant mothers. Growing research showed an inconsistent association between TNF-alfa rs1800629 polymorphism and preeclampsia. ...The current meta-analysis was aimed at examining the potential impact of rs1800629 variant on preeclampsia.
The Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and other databases were searched extensively to locate and select articles up to October 30, 2023. The PRISMA 2020 recommendations were followed to perform this study. Data analysis was done by using Comprehensive Meta analysis (v 3).
We have included 32 articles containing 35 studies with 3,883 patients and 5,821 controls for qualitative and quantitative data analysis. We found a strong relationship between rs1800629 variant with the increased preeclampsia risk in co-dominant model 1 (OR = 1.33, p = 0.019), co-dominant model 2 (OR = 1.43, p = 0.014), dominant model (OR = 1.25, p = 0.044), over-dominant model (OR = 1.31, p = 0.021), and allelic model (OR = 1.24, p = 0.018). This study also revealed a significantly higher risk among the Asian population in the dominant (OR = 2.31, p = 0.036) and allelic model (OR = 2.02, p = 0.028). For the Caucasian population, an increased association between the rs1800629 variant and preeclampsia risk was reported in co-dominant model 1 (OR = 1.37, p = 0.011), co-dominant model 2 (OR = 1.77, p = 0.007), dominant model (OR = 1.32, p = 0.030), recessive (OR = 1.50, p = 0.047), over-dominant (OR = 1.34, p = 0.009), and allelic model (OR = 1.32, p = 0.004). Though our study showed the protective link of the TNF-alfa polymorphism to the preeclampsia risk among the Black population, no significant outcomes were observed in any genetic models (p > 0.05).
Overall, the present meta-analysis explored a consistent linkage of the TNF-alfa rs1800629 variant to the preeclampsia risk in different ethnic groups. Additional research is required to confirm the precise relationship between the rs1800629 variant and preeclampsia risk.
Background
Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, a double‐stranded DNA‐enveloped virus that can be transmitted from animal to human or human to human. Consequently, it ...emerged as the most important orthopoxvirus for public health. Based on available online literature, this study reviewed the majority of the data representing the outbreak, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of monkeypox.
Methods
The literature search was conducted between July 5 and September 15, 2022. In addition to reviewing the databases of World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Africa CDC, and United Kingdom Health Security Agency monkey pox advice, 43 papers were studied in depth.
Results and Discussion
Human monkeypox was first identified in 1970 in a child in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Until May 6, 2022, it was endemic in West and Central African countries and infrequently occurred outside of Africa. However, many cases have been identified in several nonendemic countries since May 13, 2022, with no prior human or animal travel from endemic areas; that was the first time to document the cases and long‐term transmission in countries with no epidemiological ties to endemic African countries. Seven travel‐related human monkeypox cases were recorded outside of Africa from September 2018 to November 2021: one in Israel, one in Singapore, and two in the US Youth are most affected. Monkeypox's unanticipated development in places with no known epidemiological linkages raises concerns about the virus's evolution, which permits undetected transmission for a long period.
Conclusion
Monkeypox is no longer a rare, self‐limiting disease limited to endemic countries. Its ever‐changing epidemiology and transmission dynamics have increased the possibility of its evolving into a much deadlier pathogen. Therefore, improved surveillance and detailed case and contact investigation are required to comprehend the ever‐changing epidemiology of monkeypox.
•Cervical cancer (CC) is the second leading female malignancy in Bangladesh.•IL1β, IL4, and IL6 are considered to be involved in cancer progression.•ARMS-PCR methods were developed to evaluate the ...role of IL1β, IL4R, IL6 in CC.•An association of IL1β, IL4R, IL6 gene polymorphisms with high CC risk was found.•GAA and GAG haplotypes significantly decreased the risk of CC.•AAA AAG, AGA, and AGG haplotypes significantly increased CC risk.•The IL1β mRNA, up-regulated in CC, was associated with poor prognosis in silico.•Proinflammatory cytokines can be a potential therapeutic target for CC treatment.
Cervical cancer (CC) is the main cause of cancer-related deaths among women in developing countries. It is the second leading female malignancy in Bangladesh in terms of incidence and mortality. Our present study aimed to investigate the association of IL1β (rs16944), IL4R (rs1801275), and IL6 (rs1800797) gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility of cervical cancer.
This case-control study was conducted on 252 cervical cancer patients and 228 healthy volunteers, using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR).
In the case of rs16944 polymorphism, GG genotype (OR = 2.10, 95%CI = 1.24–3.56), dominant model (OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.11–2.63), recessive model (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.01–2.35), and G allele (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.005–1.68) were significantly associated with increased cervical cancer risk. Among these, GG genotype and dominant model remained significant after the Bonferroni correction (p < 0.017). For rs1801275 polymorphism, GG genotype (OR = 2.66, 95% CI = 1.49–4.75), dominant model (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.04–2.14), recessive model (OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.40–4.27), and G allele (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.21–2.10) significantly elevated the risk of cervical cancer but significance did not exist for dominant model after the Bonferroni correction. rs1800797 variant showed significantly increased risk in all genetic models including, AG genotype (OR = 8.13, 95% CI = 5.27–12.55), AA genotype (OR = 9.86, 95% CI = 2.76–35.21), dominant model (OR = 8.25, 95% CI = 5.40–12.60), recessive model (OR = 4.41, 95% CI = 1.25–15.56), and A allele (OR = 4.99, 95% CI = 3.49–7.13) and the significances were consistent with the Bonferroni correction except recessive model. Haplotyping analysis indicates that GAA (p = 5.15x10−5) and GAG haplotypes (p = 4.72x10−9) significantly decreased the risk of CC, whereas AAA (p = 3.89x10-9), AAG (p = 0.0003), AGA (p = 3.98x10-5) and AGG haplotypes (p = 0.002) significantly increased the risk of CC. The IL1β mRNA level was up-regulated, which was associated with poor prognosis in silico.
Our results conclude that rs16944 (IL1β), rs1801275 (IL4R), and rs1800797 (IL6) polymorphisms are associated with cervical cancer in Bangladeshi women.
Background and Aims
Breast cancer is one of the deadliest diseases affecting women in Bangladesh, and its prevalence is increasing year by year. Although several IL‐6 single nucleotide polymorphisms ...have been implicated in BC susceptibility and prognosis in various studies, no research has been done to investigate the relationship between breast cancer and IL‐6 in Bangladeshi women. This investigation aimed to explore the linkage between the rs1800797 variant of IL‐6 and the susceptibility to breast carcinoma among women in Bangladesh.
Methods
The IL‐6 rs1800797 variant was genotyped in 218 subjects (110 cases and 108 controls) using the tetra‐primer ARMS‐PCR method. The statistical analysis was applied utilizing the SPSS software version 24.0. UALCAN database was used for IL‐6 mRNA analysis, and genotype‐based gene expression was retrieved from GTEx Portal.
Results
This study found a significant link between IL‐6 rs1800797 variants and increased chance of breast cancer across different genetic inheritance models, including additive model 1 (AG vs. GG: OR = 2.16, p = 0.035); dominant model (AG + AA vs. GG: OR = 2.26, p < 0.05); overdominant model (AG vs. GG + AA: OR = 2.08, p < 0.05); and allelic model (A vs. G: OR = 2.15, p < 0.05). However, an insignificant association of breast cancer was found in both additive model 2 (AA vs. GG: OR = 2.91, p > 0.05) and the recessive model (AA vs. GG + AG: OR = 2.52, p > 0.05). Under the analysis of the probability of false positive reports, no significant values were found in different models when the OR was 1.5, and the prior probability was 0.25.
Conclusions
A significant relationship was found between the IL‐6 rs1800797 genetic variant and the risk of breast cancer. However, the findings of the study should be further investigated with a larger sample size to validate the correlation.
Background and Aims
Vitamin C has been predicted to be effective as an antioxidant in treating various ailments, including viral infections such as pervasive coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). With this ...meta‐analysis, we looked to ascertain the relationship between high‐dose vitamin C administration and mortality, severity, and length of hospitalization of COVID‐19 patients.
Methods
We collected articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SAGE, and Cochrane databases between January 1, 2020, and May 30, 2022. Odds ratio (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value were calculated to assess the connection of high‐dose vitamin C in COVID‐19 patients' mortality and severity. The length of hospitalization was calculated and pooled with the mean difference (MD), 95% CI, and p value. Review manager 5.3 was used to carry out this meta‐analysis.
Results
This meta‐analysis included 15 complete studies involving 2125 COVID‐19 patients. Our study demonstrated a significant correlation between vitamin C consumption and death. Vitamin C consumption significantly reduces mortality risk with COVID‐19 patients (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.42–0.69, p < 0.00001). Furthermore, there was a link between the severity of COVID‐19 and the intake of vitamin C. Patients who consumed vitamin C showed 0.63 times less severity than those who did not take vitamin C (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.43–0.94, p = 0.02). Patients taking vitamin C spent slightly more time in hospital than those who did not take vitamin C (MD = 0.19, 95% CI = −1.57 to 1.96, p = 0.83).
Conclusions
During COVID‐19, there was a substantial advantage in taking supplementary vitamin C, at least in terms of severity and mortality.
Background and Aims
Abnormalities in hematological and biochemical markers are assumed to be associated with the progression of COVID‐19 disease. This meta‐analysis was performed to assess the ...consequences of abnormalities of biomarkers (D‐dimers, C‐reactive protein CRP, serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase LDH, random blood sugar RBS, absolute neutrophil count ANC, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), serum creatinine, and hemoglobin) in the Bangladeshi COVID‐19 patients.
Methods
The data of biomarker levels in Bangladeshi COVID‐19 patients were gathered from five databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Bangladesh Journals Online between January 2020 to March 2022. Review Manager 5.4 was used for the meta‐analysis, and Egger's test and Begg‐Mazumdar's rank correlation were used to investigate publication bias.
Results
This study included 1542 patients with 567 severe and 975 nonsevere statuses. Based on the accumulated data synthesis, there is a strong correlation between disease severity and different biomarkers, including D‐dimer, CRP, ferritin, LDH, RBS, NLR, and serum creatinine (MD = 1.16, p = 0.0004; MD = 22.97, p = 0.003; MD = 419.26, p < 0.00001; MD = 118.37, p = 0.004; MD = 1.96, p = 0.02; MD = 1.26, p = 0.02; and MD = 0.31, p = 0.008, respectively). A significantly decreased correlation was observed for hemoglobin levels in severe COVID‐19 patients (MD = −0.73, p = 0.10).
Conclusion
The elevated biomarkers level was noticed in severe cases compared to nonsevere patients, revealing that D‐dimer, CRP, ferritin, LDH, RBS, NLR, and serum creatinine are significantly correlated to COVID‐19 severity. Only lower hemoglobin level was found to be associated with COVID‐19 severity.
Breast and cervical cancer are the two leading cancers in terms of incidence and mortality. Previous studies reported different interleukins, including interleukin-17A (IL-17A) to be responsible for ...the development and progression of these malignancies. Therefore, we speculated that the variants in this gene might be associated with these cancer developments in Bangladeshi population. For evaluating the hypothesis, we investigated the association of IL-17A rs3748067 polymorphism with the susceptibility of both breast and cervical cancer.
This case-control study was performed on 156 breast cancer patients, 156 cervical cancer patients, and 156 controls using the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction. The statistical software package SPSS (version 25.0) was applied for analyses. The genetic association was measured by the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A statistically significant association was considered when p-value ≤ 0.05. Functional analysis was performed using GEPIA and UALCAN databases.
From the calculation of the association of IL-17A rs3748067 with breast cancer, it is found that no genotype or allele showed a statistically significant association (p>0.05). On the other hand, the analysis of IL-17A rs3748067 with cervical cancer demonstrated that CT genotype showed a significant association (CT vs. CC: OR=1.79, p=0.021). In the overdominant model, CT genotype also revealed a statistically significant association with cervical cancer, which is found to be statistically significant (OR=1.84, p=0.015).
Our study summarizes that rs3748067 polymorphism in the IL-17A gene may be associated with cervical cancer but not breast cancer in Bangladeshi patients. However, we suggest studies in the future with a larger sample size.
Cervical cancer (CC) is the second most common type of female malignancy in Bangladesh. Polymorphisms in the CYP1A1 gene have been reported to be associated with CC in different populations. This ...case-control study with meta-analysis was undertaken to assess the relation of CYP1A1 rs4646903 and rs1048943 polymorphisms with the susceptibility of CC.
A total of 185 CC patients and 220 controls were recruited, and the PCR-RFLP (Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) technique was applied for genotyping. Again, 42 eligible studies (24 with rs4646903 and 18 with rs1048943) were included for meta-analysis, and RevMan 5.3 and the MetaGenyo web-based tool were used.
The rs4646903 polymorphism was significantly linked with CC in all association models, namely, additive 1, additive 2, dominant, recessive, overdominant, and allele models (OR = 2.41, 4.75, 2.67, 3.61, 2.13, and 2.44 with corresponding 95% CI = 1.55–3.76, 1.81–12.45, 1.75–4.07, 1.39–9.35, 1.38–3.30, and 1.71–3.48, respectively). On the contrary, rs1048943 showed no association (p > 0.05) with CC. Haplotype analysis revealed AT and AC haplotypes significantly decreased (OR = 0.45) and increased (OR = 4.86) CC risk, respectively, and SNPs are in strong linkage disequilibrium (D’ = 0.912, r2 = 0.448). Again, rs4646903 carriers with a contraception history and >5 years of taking contraceptives showed an enhanced risk of CC (OR = 2.39, OR = 3.05). Besides, rs1048943 carriers aged >40 years (OR = 0.44), conceived first child aged ≤18 years (OR = 3.45), and history of contraceptives (OR = 2.18) were significantly linked with CC. Our meta-analysis found that for CYP1A1 rs4646903 codominant 1 (COD 1), codominant 2 (COD 2), codominant 3 (COD 3), dominant model (DM), recessive model (RM), and allele model (AM) in Caucasians and overdominant model (OD) in the overall population are associated with an elevated risk of CC, whereas rs1048943 is also associated with CC in overall, Caucasians and Asians in some genetic models.
Our case-control study and meta-analysis summarize that CYP1A1 rs4646903 and rs1048943 polymorphisms may be correlated with cervical cancer.
PDF
