Abstract Background/Aims Multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) refers to the co-existence of two or more chronic conditions. Rheumatic diseases (RMDs) are important long-term conditions which are ...common in individuals with MLTC. The effect of rheumatic disease on disability is well known and often requires support with activities of daily living, i.e. social care. However, while the presence of MLTC is known to be associated with social care need, the role of RMDs in driving social care need is unknown. This lack of data capture of social care resource use undermines healthcare strategy. We carried out two surveys in different parts of the country to ascertain the social care burden amongst those with RMDs. Methods An online cross-sectional survey to identify and characterise formal and informal social care use was sent to two different groups of patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal disease. The first comprised participants within Norfolk Arthritis Register, who were emailed an invitation to complete the survey between March-July 2023. As part of Assembling the Data Jigsaw programme, the second group comprised patients attending the Salford Royal Hospital Rheumatology Department with text message invitations sent between October 2022-September 2023 via the DrDoctor app. All participants answered identical questions on formal and informal care provision and demographic characteristics. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with needing support. Results A total of 184 participants within the NOAR cohort completed the survey, comprising 128 (70%) women with a median age of 64 years. A total of 439 participants completed the survey in the Salford Royal Hospital cohort, comprising 326 (74%) women with a median age of 58 years. Rheumatoid arthritis was reported by 93 (73%) of the NOAR recruits and 136 (31%) of the Salford Royal Hospital cohort, with osteoarthritis the next most common with 37 (20%) and 112 (34%) of each cohort reporting this condition. Using self-reported data, 47% and 64% of the respective cohorts met the criteria for MLTC. For both cohorts, 30% reported needing four hours or fewer assistance per week, and 19% reported requiring >10 hours a week. Although infrequent or occasional help was usually provided informally by spouses, partners, family members or friends, 42 (23%) of the NOAR cohort and 70 (16%) of the Salford Royal Hospital cohort arranged formal care provision themselves without involving the council. Multivariable logistic regression of both cohorts found that those who were younger were more likely to have reported needing assistance with ADLs in the last month. MLTC was also associated with requiring help. Conclusion The majority of individuals engage informal support or arrange care without help from local authorities. These data are important for describing social care resource use and for determining healthcare strategy. Disclosure M. Yates: None. M. Soomro: None. A. Onajole: None. A. MacGregor: None. W. Dixon: None. J. McBeth: None. J.H. Humphreys: None.
The nonapeptide hormone arginine vasotocin (VT) regulates osmotic balance in fishes by modulating ion and water transport. While VT's osmoregulatory effects arise in part via changes in VT secretion, ...it remains uncertain which nonapeptide receptors mediate these effects, or whether adjustments in VT degradation also contribute. This study characterized gene transcript profiles for all known teleost nonapeptide receptors and for the VT and isotocin (IT) degradation enzyme leucyl-cystinyl aminopeptidase (lnpep) in the gill, kidney, and intestine - as well as transcriptional profiles for proVT and proIT mRNAs in hypothalamus and pituitary - of blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) during hyperosmotic challenge. Results presented here suggest that VT's actions during salinity acclimation may be mediated by V1a-type receptor V1a2 in gill and intestine but multiple V2-type receptors in kidney, and provide evidence that lnpep expression is modulated concurrent with osmoregulation, possibly to alter local availability of nonapeptides as osmolality returns to homeostatic set points.
The transportation problem is a special category of the linear programming problem and has many applications in the optimization theory to achieve the optimal cost. A given supply of the commodity is ...available at the different number of sources and there is a specified demand for the commodity at each of the various numbers of destinations and the unit transportation cost between each source-destination pair is known. The study focuses on development of Optimal Route Method to obtain the optimal solution in transportation problem. Algorithm was developed along with the existing method of transportation model. Data were collected from the website www.kaggle.com and was applied to all the methods. The modi u – v algorithm for Vogel was used to obtain the optimal solutions. The result of the analysis shows that the developed method performed better than the existing methods at initial basic feasible solution. At optimal solution, the developed method (Optimal Route) and modi u – v algorithm for Vogel compete favourably well among themselves and therefore the best method.
Editorial Windapo, Abimbola
Journal of construction business and management,
04/2017, Letnik:
1, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
EditorialWelcome to the first issue of the Journal of Construction Business and Management (JCBM). It is the outcome of many months of preparation involving, reviews and counter-reviews aimed at ...helping students and academics get important feedback on their research and also to produce quality research articles to the research community and construction industry. The journal’s ideology stems from a thinking that there is a link between business and management theory which guide construction practice and performance. This first issue, therefore, marks the beginning of significant contribution to knowledge in all areas relevant to construction practice, performance and problems within the built environment through the lens of business and management principles. I wish to thank all authors who submitted papers for consideration in the first issue, some of which are still undergoing review to be published in subsequent issues. Also, I wish to thank members of the Editorial Board and Panel of Reviewers for their assistance, timeous feedback and comments that helped shape and improve the quality of the submitted manuscripts. Knowledge and skills required to manage construction projects efficiently and effectively can be established through research and observation and categorized and used to educate, train and socialize construction professionals, who like other professionals should be socially responsible. It is also important that professionals are aware of the challenges in the project environment. Fittingly, we publish in this issue five papers that look at sustainability, construction management, practice and performance within the built environment. The scholarly articles report the role of management in changing the perception of workers regarding Health and Safety on construction sites; managing the factors responsible for changes in building construction costs; identifying critical success factors that determine the performance outcome of building maintenance projects; evaluating the coastal hazards, risks and environmental challenges to urban development from the dynamics of a Peninsula; and an approach for relating material waste to cost overrun at the pre-contract and post-contract stages of a project. I encourage you to read these informative articles. Finally, the editors are happy to receive feedback on how to deliver a better service to the authors, readers, and subscribers that will result in the overall improvement of the journal.Abimbola Windapo PhDEditor-in-chief
This paper is concerned with Sobolev-type inequalities and upper bound for the fundamental solution to the heat-type equation defined on compact manifold whose metric evolves by the generalized ...geometric flow. It turns out that the pointwise estimates obtained in this paper depend on the constants in the uniform Sobolev inequalities for the flow or the best constants in the euclidean Sobolev embedding. We give various illustrations to show that our results are valid in many contexts of geometric flow, where we may not need explicit curvature constraint. Moreover, our approach here also demonstrates equivalence of Sobolev inequalities, log-Sobolev inequalities, ultracontractive estimates and heat kernel upper bounds.
Past studies reported that social support correlated with work-family balance. However, the role of self-efficacy in the relationship between social support and work-family balance among the ...manufacturing sector employees is missing. Therefore, this study examined the indirect effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between social support and work-family balance. A sample of 456 (F=26.8%; mean age=31.55) manufacturing sector employees that were selected through the stratified sampling technique responded to the Work-Family Balance Scale, Social Support Questionnaire, and Self-Efficacy Scale. Results of the correlation analysis revealed that social support from family and co-workers positively associated with work-family balance. Self-efficacy was also found to relate positively to social support and work-family balance. Mediation analysis, using Hayes Process Macro, showed that self-efficacy had an indirect effect on the relationship between social support and work-family balance among employees of food and beverage companies. Improved social support from co-workers and family can assist manufacturing sector employees to balance the demands from both domains.
Vegetables are widely exposed to microbial contamination, thus, harbor diverse microorganisms which may lead to infection outbreak. Microbial load on lettuce was estimated in this study, with ...vinegar, as a disinfecting agent. Randomly purchased samples were analyzed using standard microbiological methods to estimate microbial load in relation to disinfectant concentration and exposure time. Microbial load of samples rinsed with sterile distilled (control experiment) and tap water were 3.8 × 106CFU/g and 4.0 × 106 CFU/g, while those rinsed with vinegar ranged from 1.0 × 105 CFU/g to 2.7 × 106 CFU/g. Upon subjection to different exposure times (0, 5, 10 min) and vinegar concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%), gradual reduction in microbial load was observed from 2.9 × 107 CFU/g, when rinsed with 0.5% vinegar to 1.0 × 106 CFU/g with 2.0% vinegar at initial time (0 min), at 5 min exposure, microbial load reduced from 1.9 × 107 CFU/g at 1.0% concentration to 3.0 × 105 CFU/g with 2.0% vinegar concentration, while the exposure of lettuce to 2.0% vinegar concentration for 10 min, showed no observable microbial growth. Lettuce samples analyzed were heavily contaminated with microorganisms, however, 2% vinegar at 10 min exposure time, was most effective at eliminating microbes. Healthy-looking vegetables may possibly harbor microorganisms, as such, good sanitary measures should be adopted before consumption.
It is very exceptional that a new disease becomes a true pandemic. Since its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that ...causes COVID-19, has spread to nearly all countries of the world in only a few months. However, in different countries, the COVID-19 epidemic takes variable shapes and forms in how it affects communities. Until now, the insights gained on COVID-19 have been largely dominated by the COVID-19 epidemics and the lockdowns in China, Europe and the USA. But this variety of global trajectories is little described, analysed or understood. In only a few months, an enormous amount of scientific evidence on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 has been uncovered (knowns). But important knowledge gaps remain (unknowns). Learning from the variety of ways the COVID-19 epidemic is unfolding across the globe can potentially contribute to solving the COVID-19 puzzle. This paper tries to make sense of this variability—by exploring the important role that context plays in these different COVID-19 epidemics; by comparing COVID-19 epidemics with other respiratory diseases, including other coronaviruses that circulate continuously; and by highlighting the critical unknowns and uncertainties that remain. These unknowns and uncertainties require a deeper understanding of the variable trajectories of COVID-19. Unravelling them will be important for discerning potential future scenarios, such as the first wave in virgin territories still untouched by COVID-19 and for future waves elsewhere.
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