Background: Cesarean section (CS) stands as the foremost major surgical procedure in contemporary obstetrics. Initially developed primarily to safeguard maternal life during challenging childbirth ...scenarios, its prevalence has shown a concerning upward trajectory in recent times. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and determinants of Cesarean section deliveries in a rural tertiary care hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study and was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College & Hospital, Sirajganj, Bangladesh during the period from January 2018 to December 2019. Results: Out of a total of 1600 deliveries, 390 (24.4%) were vaginal deliveries, while 1210 (75.6%) were cesarean sections respectively. Majority 94.8% patients were 20-34 years old, 1.8% were less than or equal to 19 years and 3.4% were great than or equal to 35 years old respectively. The majority of cesarean sections, 814 (67.3%), were performed as elective procedures and 396 (32.7%) were performed as emergency procedures respectively. Majority 512 (42.3%) were performed on women who had a history of previous cesarean deliveries, 34 (2.8%) were performed due to non-progression or prolonged labor, 99 (8.2%) were performed due to malpresentation of the baby and 308 (25.5%) were performed at the request of the mother respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, this retrospective observational study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and determinants of caesarean sections in a rural tertiary care hospital. Keywords: Caesarean section rate, Determinants, Indications, Prevalence, Repeat cesarean section
The high serum uric acid concentration correlates with the degree of severity of the pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and perinatal outcome. In this context, maternal serum uric acid level is ...reported to be one of the prognostic factor for determination of perinatal outcome. Based on the existing data, the present prospective study was undertaken in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, BIRDEM Academy, from January to December, 2010. Out of 120 women, 60 suffering from PIH (severe preeclampsia and eclampsia) served as group I and 60 normotensive women at third trimester of pregnancy served as group II. This study showed that mean (±SD) serum uric acid was significantly elevated in group I PIH patients (7.21±1.81 mg/dl) compared to group II normotensive pregnancy (4.40±0.84 mg/dl). In group I PIH patients, 39 (86%) had adverse perinatal outcome (preterm, IUGR, stillbirth), and 6 (13.3%) term and healthy deliveries when serum uric acid level was >6 mg/dl. Current study showed that there was positive and statistically significant relationship between diastolic blood pressure and hyperuricaemia in group I PIH patients (r = +0.359, P<0.01). This study also showed that in group I PIH patients, when serum uric acid increased, birth weight significantly decreased (r = 0.279, P<0.05).J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 124-129
Background: Ovarian tumour is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the socio-economic conditions of the ovarian tumour patients. ...Methodology: This was a cross sectional observational study and was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital, Dhaka from July 2008 to December 2008. Patient admitted in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology ward in BSMMU hospital with diagnosis as ovarian tumour were selected as study population. Woman suffering from ovarian tumour who were diagnosed by history, clinical presentation, laboratory finding's and finally, confirmed by operative findings and histopathological report were included in this study. Result: Out of total 382 patients admitted with different gynaecological problem into BSMMU Hospital, 50 (13.09%) were diagnosed as ovarian tumour. Out of 50 patients maximum number of patients belonged to age group 21-30 years (32%). Mean age 38.2±7.31 years with a range 16 to 69. Among the 50 patients 4% of patents belonged to upper class, 56% middle class and 40% were to lower class. Out of total 50 cases 8% were unmarried and 92% were married, of whom 12% were nuliparous and 80% were parous. Conclusion: In conclusion the ovarian tumours are most commonly occurred in middle aged women in the middle income group. The parous women are most commonly suffering from ovarian tumour. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, 2015;2(2):39-41
•Data driven innovation is opening a new digitalization frontier.•We confirm the antecedents and effects of data driven innovation capability (DDIC).•We show how DDIC influences market agility and ...strategic performance.
In the race to achieve market dominance and stay competitive in a disruptive and rapidly changing business environment, many firms have invested significantly in data-driven innovation capabilities (DDIC). Surprisingly, the role that strategic market agility plays in achieving a firm's competitiveness through DDIC is understudied. Addressing this gap, we conceptualize the DDIC research model using the resource-based view, dynamic capability, market orientation and disruptive innovation theory. We empirically test the model with survey data from 312 Australian managers. We illuminate the significance of strategic market agility as a key mediator between DDIC and strategic competitive performance. We discuss the implications of our findings for theoretical contributions and managerial implications.
Artificial intelligence (AI)-powered service innovation (e.g., OpenAI's ChatGPT, Google's Bard and Microsoft's Sydney) has become one of the most significant determinants of firms' success in the ...Fourth Industrial Revolution. However, extant studies on this topic show that research studies hitherto have been ad-hoc, lacking a conceptual framework for the strategic management of AI-powered service innovation capability in dynamic markets. Thus, this study synthesises the current body of knowledge, proposes a framework, and develops an agenda to advance our knowledge. The findings reveal: (1) AI-market capability relates to customer orientation, industry orientation, and cross-functional orientation; (2) AI-infrastructure capability relates to data, business models, and ecosystem; and (3) AI-management capability relates to AI-orientation, organisational learning, and AI ethics which are crucial determinants of forming AI-powered service innovation capability. These capabilities for the strategic management of AI-powered service innovations play an essential role in achieving organizational agility and competitive advantage.
•AI-powered service innovation relies on market capability, which encompasses customer orientation, industry orientation, and cross-functional integration.•Infrastructure capability, specifically data, model, and ecosystems, forms the foundation of AI-powered service innovation.•Successful implementation of AI-powered service innovation requires strong management capability, including AI orientation, organisational learning, and AI ethics.•By prioritising these capabilities and adopting a dynamic capability perspective, companies can achieve organisational agility and sustainable competitive advantages in the market.
While data-driven innovation (DDI) is receiving substantial attention from academics and industry specialists, there is limited research on its dimensions and effects in marketing. We address this ...theoretical gap by examining the following research questions: 'What are the necessary firm-level capabilities of DDI and its effects in a marketing environment?' Drawing from the resource-based view (RBV), dynamic capabilities (DC), and market orientation theories, this study presents a data-driven innovation capabilities (DDIC) framework and proposes a new conceptualisation with new data product performance through new data product creativity. Based on a systematic literature review and thematic analysis, the findings offer seven propositions to enrich the emerging DDI theory in marketing and guide managerial decision making.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a game-changing capability in industrial markets that can accelerate humanity's race against climate change. Positioned in a resource-hungry and pollution-intensive ...industry, this study explores AI-powered climate service innovation capabilities and their overall effects. The study develops and validates an AI model, identifying three primary dimensions and nine subdimensions. Based on a dataset in the fast fashion industry, the findings show that the AI-powered climate service innovation capabilities significantly influence both environmental and market performance, in which environmental performance acts as a partial mediator. Specifically, the results identify the key elements of an AI-informed framework for climate action and show how this can be used to develop a range of mitigation, adaptation and resilience initiatives in response to climate change.
•This study tackles climate crisis using AI-powered climate service innovations.•The study develops an AI-powered climate service innovation capability framework.•The study models the effects on environmental and market performance in the fast fashion industry.
The present study explores the neuropharmacological, antinociceptive, antidiarrheal, antioxidant, thrombolytic and cytotoxic activity of methanol extract of
leaves (MEPC). In anxiolytic activity ...testing of MEPC by elevated plus maze test, hole-board test and light-dark test, the extract exhibited a dose-dependent reduction of anxiety while the open field test observed a decreased locomotion. The administration of MEPC revealed a significant dose-dependent reduction of depressant behavior in forced swimming and tail suspension test. Additionally, the antinociceptive and antidiarrheal activity exposed a significant reduction of nociception and diarrheal behavior at the highest dose. In addition, a strong antioxidant activity was observed in DPPH-free radical-scavenging assay (IC
= 461.05 μg/mL), total phenol content (118.31 ± 1.12 mg) and total flavonoid content (100.85 ± 0.97 mg). The significant clot-lysis activity was also observed with moderate toxicity (LC
= 247.92 μg/mL) level in the lethality assay of brine shrimp. Moreover, in silico molecular docking study showed that the compound Psychotriasine could offer promising active site interactions for binding proteins. Furthermore, ADME/T and toxicological properties of the compound satisfied the Lipinski's rule of five and Veber rules for drug-like potential and toxicity level. Overall, MEPC had a potential neuropharmacological, antinociceptive, antidiarrheal and antioxidant activity that warranted further investigation.
The data revolution transforms operations, innovation, and society through artificial intelligence and advanced analytics. Data-driven innovations (DDI) have the most potential to tackle global ...challenges, including poverty, healthcare, climate actions, disaster management, gender inequality, peace and justice and others. This paper identifies the sources of DDI capabilities to address various global challenges. The findings show three major foundations of DDI capabilities: market orientation, infrastructure orientation, and talent orientation. Theoretically, these findings highlight the role of dynamic DDI capabilities to sense, seize and transform global challenges. Practically, we present guidelines for developing DDI in an agile and efficient manner that is fair and inclusive.
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