This open access book offers an overview of theories related to simulation and describes different simulation areas within nursing. It illustrates how simulation may be used in different levels in ...professional education. The book deals with the role of the Simulation Facilitator, peer learning and the use of Virtual Reality in simulation. It provides new insights and paths to the development of the use of simulation within nursing and healthcare and contributes with new knowledge from research and experiences of implementation of different simulating scenarios within nursing and midwifery. It is intended to teachers in nursing and other healthcare professionals with an interest in the use of active learning methods.
Aims:
This review was designed to systematically examine studies that determine the breastfeeding attitudes of Syrian mothers, and factors influencing their breastfeeding behavior.
Methods:
Studies ...published between 2010 and 2020 were examined using ‘Syria OR Syrian mother OR Syrian refugee AND breastfeeding OR breastfeeding practices OR intention OR attitudes OR exclusive breastfeeding’ as keywords on PubMed, GoogleScholar, MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, National Thesis Center, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and CINAHL; and five publications meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The researchers independently used JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies and JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses, developed by Joanna Briggs Institute, to assess the methodological quality.
Results:
A total of 6546 studies were accessed as a result of the literature review. Five studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Women who are in this process experience a developmental and situational transition according to the framework of Meleis’ theory. Factors affecting their breastfeeding attitudes were grouped under three main and four sub-themes. It was determined that personal factors (socioeconomic factors, cultural beliefs, the significance of breastfeeding practice, preparation), factors related to the immediate environment and social factors affect these women’s attitudes toward breastfeeding.
Conclusion:
It was found that most of the Syrian women had positive attitudes toward breastfeeding; however, the breastfeeding duration was less than 6 months for most of the refugees. Furthermore, according to the results of the studies, refugee women from Syria who did not receive social support from their spouses and relatives stopped breastfeeding.
Aim
The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the experience of Norwegian bachelor nursing students during clinical placement in an African country, with a focus on communication, ...relationship building and nurse identity.
Design
Explorative, qualitative methods were used.
Methods
The data consisted of individual written reflection notes from 8 students' clinical placement in Africa, and transcripts from one semi‐structured focus group interview. The materials were analysed with systematic text condensation.
Results
The students described their experience with the community of practice as challenging and enlightening. They found themselves in contexts where communication and language problems occurred. The students described how important relationships were for their practical training, and how this helped shape their nursing identity.
A new dye-decolorizing peroxidase (DyP) was discovered through a data mining workflow based on HMMER software and profile Hidden Markov Model (HMM) using a dataset of 1200 genomes originated from a ...Actinobacteria strain collection isolated from Trondheim fjord. Instead of the conserved GXXDG motif known for Dyp-type peroxidases, the enzyme contains a new conserved motif EXXDG which has been not reported before. The enzyme can oxidize an anthraquinone dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R (Reactive Blue 19) and other phenolic compounds such as ferulic acid, sinapic acid, caffeic acid, 3-methylcatechol, dopamine hydrochloride, and tannic acid. The acidic pH optimum (3 to 4) and the low temperature optimum (25 °C) were confirmed using both biochemical and electrochemical assays. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters associated with the catalytic redox center were attained by electrochemistry.
A novel dye-decolorizing peroxidase (Dyp) was discovered by data mining from Actinobacteria strain collection from Trondheim fjord, containing a new motif EXXDG. The biochemical characterization was performed. The best catalytic conditions found at pH 3 to 4; not thermostable. Electrochemical behavior in agreement with the biochemical characterization. Display omitted
•A novel dye-decolorizing peroxidase (Dyp) found by data mining from Actinobacteria genome•The new Dyp seems to belong to type B and bears a new-found conserved motif EXXDG•Biochemical and electrochemical characterizations were performed•The new Dyp can oxidize anthraquinone dye and other phenolic substrates•The pH optimum was found in the acidic range (pH 3 to 4)
•Norwegian bachelor students in nursing experienced ethical dilemmas during their practical clinical studies in Sub-Saharan Africa.•Culturally sensitive understanding seems important during clinical ...studies.•The students had good experience reflecting together as part of their own learning process.
Clinical placements in nursing abroad are important for awareness and ethical reflections for Norwegian bachelor students in nursing. The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of Norwegian nursing students’ experiences during clinical placements in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a focus on their ethical challenges.
Eight third-year Norwegian bachelor’s degree nursing students carried out their clinical placement in Sub-Saharan Africa for 12 weeks. The data was based on one focus group interview and individual written assignments. Systematic text condensation was used to analyse the narratives of nursing students regarding challenges during their clinical placement. The COREQ checklist was applied. The study was approved by the Norwegian Centre for Research Data. The country where the study found place, is anonymised to a country in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The students describe their clinical studies as challenging and educational. They often found themselves in contexts where ethical nursing dilemmas and problems occurred. The students described how they managed to solve the different ethical challenges with the help of ethical reflection.
Increasing awareness about ethical challenges in clinical practice seems important for student mobility and the ability to follow up nursing students in clinical placement abroad.
Bakgrunn: Lærerstudenter skal inneha kompetanse innen ulike kommunikasjonsferdigheter for å være kvalifisert som lærer i skoleverket. Tilbakemeldingen fra studentene tyder på at de ønsker øving på ...virkelighetsnær kommunikasjon med relevans til skolepraksis Dette var utgangspunktet for et prosjekt som ble gjennomført på treårig yrkesfaglærerutdanningen i Trondheim, høsten 2018. Simulering ble tatt i bruk som undrevisningsverktøy med fokus på rollespill mellom elev og lærer.
Hensikt: Å undersøke studentenes erfaringer med bruk av simulering som pedagogisk metode i yrkesfaglærerutdanning.
Metode: 15 refleksjonslogger ble skrevet av førsteårstudenter ved yrkesfaglærerutdanningen, helse- og oppvekstfag. Analysen har ett fenomenologisk tilsnitt, og baserer seg på Malterud sin systematiske tekstkondensering.
Resultat: Studien viser at det var av betydning at forberedelsene startet tidlig i semesteret, der det ble presentert pensum med læringsutbyttebeskrivelser, og ett virkelighetsnært case. Studentene pekte på at debriefingsfasen var viktig i forhold til egen refleksjon og læring, og at de opplevde samlæring med medstudenter. Det ble meddelt at pensum ble synliggjort i rollespillet, og at studentene var tydelig på at øving var av nødvendighet for å bli trygg i lærerrollen. Studien viser at studentene ønsket å anvende den kunnskapen de hadde ervervet til praksisfeltet.
Konklusjon: Studien viser at yrkesfaglærerstudentene opplevde nytteverdi av simulering som undervisningsmetode, og at denne kunnskapen hadde relevans til skolepraksis.
In the national education plan for Bachelor of Nursing in Norway, it is emphasized that focus areas for practical studies must include experience related to paediatric nursing. However, given the ...paucity of children's wards in Norwegian hospitals, few students are offered this. The purpose of this study is to explore undergraduate nursing student's perception of using simulation as a learning method to obtain knowledge and skills in delivering quality healthcare to children and their parents in emergencies.
A total of 36 students participated in focus groups. The students were asked to reflect on their learning outcomes regarding the educational method during the simulation. In addition, the students were encouraged to discuss whether this pedagogical method was useful in preparing them to deal with critical medical situations in relation to children and their parents. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
Three subjects emerged from the analysis. The first, simulation as an educational method, showed that the students thought that simulation gave a greater degree of realism and seriousness than other learning activities. The second subject, preparedness for later practice, showed that the students perceived simulation as one of the ways in which they were best prepared for the profession as a nurse. The students emphasized the benefit of having concentrated on children and their parents. The third subject, stress and leadership, showed that simulation as a method was stressful to most students, and lack of knowledge and anxiety about conducting other students kept them from taking the lead. However, the students experienced that they learned a lot about themselves and how they appear as nurses.
The bachelor-level student nurses experienced simulation as a realistic and effective educational method for gaining knowledge in the critical healthcare of children and their parents. Simulation made them reflect on a nurse's area of responsibility in emergencies. When offered practical experience in children's wards, the use of simulation as a didactic method may help students develop sufficient competence to act appropriately and expediently in critical paediatric nursing settings.
The study (number 52776) was approved by the Norwegian Centre for Research Data.
Aim: The aim of this study is to gain a deeper understanding of and more knowledge about the experience of transgender women in terms of identity and self-understanding. Method: Data are collected ...from six Norwegian adult transgender women who have told their life stories. A narrative analysis is used to analyse the stories of the participants. The narrative focus is on themes relating to identity, self-understanding and belonging. Results: The results of the study show that the participants exclusively have a female identity and sense of belonging. Despite this, two of the participants prefer to live as males out of consideration for those in their surroundings. The self-understanding of the informants is expressed in different ways, depending on personality and life experience. Conclusion: Whether or not one has ‘come out of the closet’ seems to be important for both identity and self-understanding. The participants who are open about their identity seem more secure than those who are not. The more acceptance and recognition they get from the social environment, the more it appears that the women in this study dare to be who they are.
the aim of the present study was to gain a deeper understanding of how relational continuity in the childbearing process may influence the woman's birth experience.
a Q-methodological approach was ...chosen, as it allows the researcher to systematically assess subjectivity. 23 women were invited to sort a sample of 48 statements regarding their subjective view of birth experience after having participated in a pilot project in Norway, where six midwifery students provided continuity of care to 58 women throughout the childbearing process. The sorting patterns were subsequently factor-analysed, using the statistical software ‘PQ’ which reveals one strong and one weaker factor. The consensus statements and the defining statements for the two factors were later interpreted.
both factors seemed to represent experiences of psychological trust and a feeling of team work along with the midwifery student. Both factors indicated the importance of quality in the relation. Factor one represented experiences of presence and emotional support in the relationship. It also represented a feeling of personal growth for the women. Factor two was defined by experiences of predictability in the relation and process, as well as the feeling of interdependency in the relation. According to quality in the relation, women defining factor two experienced that the content, not only the continuity in the relation, was important for the birth experience.
relational continuity is a key concept in the context of a positive birth experience. Quality in the relation gives the woman a possibility to experience positivity during the childbearing process. Continuity in care and personal growth related to birth promote empowerment for both the woman and her partner. Relational continuity gives an opportunity for midwives to provide care in a more holistic manner.
Apart from their archetypic use in anaerobic digestion (AD) methanogenic archaea are targeted for a wide range of applications. Using different methanogenic archaea for one specific application ...requires the optimization of culture media to enable the growth of different strains under identical environmental conditions, e.g., in microbial electrochemical technologies (MET) for (bio)electromethanation. Here we present a new culture medium (BFS01) adapted from the DSM-120 medium by omitting resazurin, yeast extract, casitone, and using a low salt concentration, that was optimized for
,
and
. The aim was to provide a medium for follow-up co-culture studies using specific methanogens and
spp. dominated biofilm anodes. All three methanogens showed growth and activity in the BFS01 medium. This was demonstrated by estimating the specific growth rates (
) and doubling times (
) of each methanogen. The
and
based on methane accumulation in the headspace showed values consistent with literature values for
and
. However,
and
based on methane accumulation in the headspace differed from literature data for
but still allowed sufficient growth. The lowered salt concentration and the omission of chemically complex organic components in the medium may have led to the observed deviation from
and
for
as well as the changed morphology. 16S rRNA gene-based amplicon sequencing and whole genome nanopore sequencing further confirmed purity and species identity.
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